alkylating

简明释义

英[ˌæl.kɪˈleɪ.tɪŋ]美[ˌæl.kəˈleɪ.t̬ɪŋ]

v. （使）烷基化（alkylate 的现在分词）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Hence, both the alkylating agent and the phthalate derivative penetrate placenta and are dangerous for embryos.

因此，无论是烷化剂和邻苯二甲酸衍生穿透胎盘，是危险的胚胎。

2.The phase II CheckMate-140 trial is exploring nivolumab (Opdivo) for patients with follicular lymphoma following progression on a CD20 antibody and an alkylating agent (NCT02038946).

二期的CheckMate- 140试验正在探索用nivolumab治疗经cd 20抗体和烷化剂治疗后进展的滤泡性淋巴瘤。

3.The degree of hydrocarbon evolution increases with depth, which is accompanied by demethylation of alkanes, ring opening of cycloalkanes, aromatization and heightening alkylating degree.

随着演化程度加深，链烷烃脱甲基、环烷烃开环作用、芳构化作用和烷基化程度不断提高。

4.Replacing the process of copper liquor wash with methanolizing and alkylating was successful in "18·30" project in our company.

我公司“18.30”工程成功实现了用醇烃化精制工艺取代铜洗工艺，达到了预期目标。

5.The synthetic process of 2,4di?tert?butylphenol was studied in a batch reactor, while isobutylene was used as alkylating agent.

以异丁烯为烷 化剂 ，在间歇反应釜中研究了苯酚烷基 化反应合成2 ，4二叔丁基苯酚的反应工艺。

6.Similarly, a variety of chemotherapeutic alkylating agents produce aplasia and pose a risk to workers responsible for producing or administering these compounds.

同样，化疗中所用各种烷化剂也可诱发再障，所以生产或服用这些化合物的人处于其危害中。

7.Certain DNA lesions, apurinic sites, the secondary DNA lesions induced by alkylating agents, for example, are the proper substrates of the inducible error-prone repair activity.

某些DNA损伤，如烷化剂诱导的次级损伤（无碱基位损伤）可作为诱导性易错修复功能的靶损伤。

8.Pediatric patients with low-risk Hodgkin's disease can be cured with therapy without an alkylating agent, bleomycin, etoposide, or high-dose, extended-field radiotherapy.

儿童低危型霍奇金氏病不必使用烷化剂、博莱霉素、鬼臼乙叉甙或大剂量扩野放疗等也可治愈。

9.The combination of alkylating drugs and radiation therapy increases the risk for fertility problems.

将烷化剂类药物和放射治疗联合使用会提高不育症风险。

10.The degree of hydrocarbon evolution increases with depth, which is accompanied by demethylation of alkanes, ring opening of cycloalkanes, aromatization and heightening alkylating degree.

随着演化程度加深，链烷烃脱甲基、环烷烃开环作用、芳构化作用和烷基化程度不断提高。

11.Some environmental pollutants are known to be alkylating agents.

一些环境污染物被认为是烷基化剂。

12.The drug works by alkylating cancer cells, preventing them from dividing.

该药物通过烷基化癌细胞，阻止它们分裂。

13.Researchers are studying the effects of alkylating agents on DNA repair mechanisms.

研究人员正在研究烷基化剂对DNA修复机制的影响。

14.Many chemotherapy treatments are based on alkylating compounds.

许多化疗治疗是基于烷基化化合物的。

15.The process of alkylating can lead to mutations in the genetic material.

进行烷基化的过程可能导致遗传物质的突变。

作文

The field of chemistry is vast and complex, encompassing various reactions and compounds that play crucial roles in our daily lives. One such important concept is the process of alkylating, which refers to the introduction of an alkyl group into a molecule. This process is significant in organic chemistry and has numerous applications in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and materials science. Understanding the mechanism of alkylating reactions can provide insights into how certain drugs work and how they can be improved.In the pharmaceutical industry, alkylating agents are often used in the development of cancer treatments. These agents work by attaching alkyl groups to DNA, which interferes with the cancer cell's ability to divide and grow. For example, drugs like cyclophosphamide and cisplatin are well-known alkylating agents that have been effective in treating various types of cancer. By disrupting the normal function of DNA, these drugs can lead to the death of rapidly dividing cancer cells, making alkylating a vital process in cancer therapy.Moreover, the study of alkylating reactions extends beyond just cancer treatment. Researchers are exploring how these reactions can be utilized in creating new materials with unique properties. For instance, the incorporation of alkyl groups into polymers can enhance their hydrophobicity, thermal stability, and mechanical strength. This opens up new avenues for developing advanced materials that can be used in industries ranging from electronics to automotive.In addition to its applications in medicine and materials science, alkylating processes also play a role in agricultural chemistry. Certain herbicides and pesticides are designed using alkylating techniques to improve their effectiveness. By modifying the chemical structure of these compounds, scientists can create more potent and selective agents that target specific pests or weeds while minimizing harm to non-target organisms. This not only increases crop yields but also contributes to sustainable agricultural practices.However, it is essential to note that the use of alkylating agents is not without risks. Some alkylating compounds have been found to be toxic or carcinogenic, raising concerns about their safety in both medical and environmental contexts. Therefore, ongoing research is crucial to understand the long-term effects of these agents and to develop safer alternatives. Scientists are continually working to optimize alkylating reactions, aiming to maximize their benefits while minimizing potential hazards.In conclusion, the concept of alkylating is integral to various scientific fields, particularly in chemistry, medicine, and agriculture. Its applications in drug development, material science, and pest control highlight its versatility and importance. As research progresses, a deeper understanding of alkylating mechanisms will pave the way for innovations that can improve health outcomes, enhance material performance, and promote sustainable practices. The journey of exploring alkylating reactions is ongoing, and it holds the promise of unlocking new possibilities for the future. Through careful study and application, we can harness the power of alkylating to make significant advancements in science and technology.

化学领域广阔而复杂，涵盖了许多在我们日常生活中起着至关重要作用的反应和化合物。其中一个重要概念是烷基化过程，指的是将烷基团引入分子中。这个过程在有机化学中具有重要意义，并在制药、农业和材料科学中有着众多应用。理解烷基化反应的机制可以提供对某些药物如何工作以及如何改进它们的见解。在制药行业，烷基化剂常用于癌症治疗药物的开发。这些剂通过将烷基团附加到DNA上，从而干扰癌细胞的分裂和生长。例如，环磷酰胺和顺铂等药物是著名的烷基化剂，在治疗各种类型的癌症方面效果显著。通过干扰DNA的正常功能，这些药物可以导致快速分裂的癌细胞死亡，使得烷基化成为癌症治疗中的一个重要过程。此外，烷基化反应的研究不仅限于癌症治疗。研究人员正在探索如何利用这些反应来创造具有独特性能的新材料。例如，将烷基团引入聚合物中可以增强其疏水性、热稳定性和机械强度。这为开发可以用于电子产品和汽车等行业的先进材料开辟了新途径。除了在医学和材料科学中的应用外，烷基化过程在农业化学中也发挥着作用。某些除草剂和杀虫剂采用烷基化技术设计，以提高其有效性。通过修改这些化合物的化学结构，科学家可以创造出更强效和选择性的药剂，专门针对特定的害虫或杂草，同时尽量减少对非目标生物的危害。这不仅增加了作物产量，还促进了可持续农业实践。然而，需要注意的是，使用烷基化剂并非没有风险。一些烷基化化合物被发现具有毒性或致癌性，引发了人们对其在医学和环境背景下安全性的担忧。因此，持续的研究对于了解这些剂的长期影响以及开发更安全的替代品至关重要。科学家们不断努力优化烷基化反应，旨在最大化其益处，同时最小化潜在危害。总之，烷基化的概念在化学、医学和农业等多个科学领域中至关重要。它在药物开发、材料科学和害虫控制中的应用突显了其多功能性和重要性。随着研究的进展，对烷基化机制的深入理解将为改善健康结果、增强材料性能和促进可持续实践的创新铺平道路。探索烷基化反应的旅程仍在继续，它承诺为未来开启新的可能性。通过仔细的研究和应用，我们可以利用烷基化的力量在科学和技术上取得重大进展。