allopolyploidy

简明释义

英[æləˈpɒlaɪplɔɪdi]美[æləˈpɑːlaɪplɔɪdi]

n. 异源多倍性

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Whether this involves allopolyploidy or autopolyploidy will not be considered.

这是否包括异源多倍性还是同源多倍性将都不考虑。

2.Whether this involves allopolyploidy or autopolyploidy will not be considered.

这是否包括异源多倍性还是同源多倍性将都不考虑。

3.Researchers often study allopolyploidy in plants to understand how hybridization contributes to biodiversity.

研究人员经常研究杂合多倍体在植物中的作用，以了解杂交如何促进生物多样性。

4.The process of allopolyploidy can lead to the formation of new species by combining the genetic material of different parent species.

通过结合不同亲本物种的遗传物质，杂合多倍体的过程可以导致新物种的形成。

5.In agriculture, allopolyploidy is utilized to create crops with desirable traits from two different species.

在农业中，利用杂合多倍体来创造具有来自两个不同物种的优良特性的作物。

6.Understanding allopolyploidy helps scientists develop better strategies for crop improvement.

理解杂合多倍体有助于科学家制定更好的作物改良策略。

7.The occurrence of allopolyploidy can be a significant factor in the evolution of certain plant families.

在某些植物科的进化中，杂合多倍体的发生可能是一个重要因素。

作文

In the study of genetics and plant biology, the term allopolyploidy refers to a specific form of polyploidy that arises when two different species hybridize and then undergo chromosome duplication. This process is crucial for understanding how new species can emerge and adapt to their environments. Polyploidy itself involves the duplication of the entire set of chromosomes, leading to organisms that possess more than two complete sets of chromosomes. In contrast, allopolyploidy, as a subset of polyploidy, specifically involves the combination of genetic material from different species, which can result in a greater variety of genetic traits and adaptations.The significance of allopolyploidy is particularly evident in the world of agriculture. Many of our staple crops, such as wheat and cotton, are allopolyploid species. For instance, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an example of a hexaploid, meaning it has six sets of chromosomes derived from three different ancestral species. This genetic diversity allows wheat to thrive in various environmental conditions and resist diseases, making it a vital resource for food security worldwide.Moreover, the phenomenon of allopolyploidy plays a pivotal role in evolution. When two species hybridize, the offspring may inherit advantageous traits from both parent species. If these hybrids successfully reproduce and undergo chromosome duplication, they can establish a stable lineage that combines the strengths of both parent species. This process not only leads to the emergence of new species but also contributes to the overall biodiversity of ecosystems.Understanding allopolyploidy also sheds light on the complexities of plant breeding. Plant breeders often exploit the principles of hybridization and polyploidy to develop new varieties that exhibit desirable traits such as increased yield, disease resistance, and improved nutritional value. By creating hybrids and inducing polyploidy, breeders can produce plants that are better suited to specific agricultural needs.However, allopolyploidy is not without its challenges. The process of hybridization can lead to complications such as genetic incompatibility or sterility in some hybrids. Additionally, the stability of allopolyploid species can be influenced by environmental factors, making it essential for researchers to study these dynamics to ensure successful cultivation and conservation of allopolyploid plants.In conclusion, allopolyploidy is a fascinating and essential concept in genetics and plant biology that illustrates how hybridization and chromosome duplication can lead to the formation of new species with enhanced traits. Its implications for agriculture, evolution, and biodiversity highlight the importance of understanding this process in order to harness its potential benefits. As we face challenges related to food security and environmental changes, the study of allopolyploidy will continue to provide valuable insights into the resilience and adaptability of plant species, proving that nature's ability to innovate through genetic diversity is truly remarkable.

在遗传学和植物生物学的研究中，术语allopolyploidy指的是一种特定形式的多倍体，它是在两个不同物种杂交并随后经历染色体复制时产生的。这一过程对于理解新物种如何出现并适应其环境至关重要。多倍体本身涉及整个染色体组的复制，导致拥有超过两个完整染色体组的生物体。相比之下，allopolyploidy作为多倍体的一种子集，特别涉及来自不同物种的遗传物质的结合，这可以导致更丰富的遗传特征和适应性。allopolyploidy的重要性在农业领域尤为明显。我们许多主要作物，如小麦和棉花，都是多源多倍体物种。例如，面包小麦（Triticum aestivum）是一个六倍体，意味着它具有六组染色体，来源于三种不同的祖先物种。这种遗传多样性使小麦能够在各种环境条件下茁壮成长，并抵抗疾病，使其成为全球粮食安全的重要资源。此外，allopolyploidy现象在进化中也起着关键作用。当两个物种杂交时，后代可能会继承来自两个亲本物种的有利特征。如果这些杂交种成功繁殖并经历染色体复制，它们可以建立一个稳定的血统，结合两个亲本物种的优势。这一过程不仅导致新物种的出现，还促进了生态系统的整体生物多样性。理解allopolyploidy还揭示了植物育种的复杂性。植物育种者常常利用杂交和多倍体的原理来开发表现出期望特征的新变种，如提高产量、抗病性和改善营养价值。通过创造杂交种和诱导多倍体，育种者可以生产出更适合特定农业需求的植物。然而，allopolyploidy并非没有挑战。杂交过程可能导致一些杂交种的遗传不相容或不育。此外，多倍体物种的稳定性可能受到环境因素的影响，这使得研究人员必须研究这些动态，以确保成功培养和保护多倍体植物。总之，allopolyploidy是遗传学和植物生物学中一个引人入胜且至关重要的概念，它说明了杂交和染色体复制如何导致新物种的形成，并增强其特征。它对农业、进化和生物多样性的影响突显了理解这一过程的重要性，以便利用其潜在的好处。随着我们面临与粮食安全和环境变化相关的挑战，对allopolyploidy的研究将继续提供宝贵的见解，展示自然通过遗传多样性创新的能力确实是非凡的。