myelofibrosis

简明释义

英[ˌmaɪələʊfaɪˈbrəʊsɪs]美[ˌmaɪəloʊfaɪˈbroʊsɪs]

n. [内科] 骨髓纤维化，骨髓纤维变性

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

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例句

1.Conclusion: the diagnose of acute leukemia with reticulin myelofibrosis should combine the bone marrow aspiration with trephine biopsy.

结论：骨髓活检切片对涂片起补充修正作用，诊断急性白血病须把二者结合起来分析。

2.Patients with primary myelofibrosis feel fatigued, and they sometimes take an anemia drug to stimulate growth of oxygen-carrying red blood cells.

初期骨髓纤维化的患者容易感觉疲劳，他们有时会服用贫血药来刺激携氧红细胞的生长。

3.Objective: To explore the value of bone marrow biopsy in diagnosing acute and chronic leukemia with reticulin myelofibrosis.

目的：评估骨髓活检在急、慢性白血病继发网硬蛋白纤维化时的诊断价值。

4.Such massive splenomegaly is usually indicative of some myeloproliferative disease such as chronic myelogenous leukemia or myelofibrosis.

这样的脾肿大通常预示有骨髓增生型疾病，例如慢性髓性白血病或骨髓纤维化。

5.Patients with primary myelofibrosis feel fatigued, and they sometimes take an anemia drug to stimulate growth of oxygen-carrying red blood cells.

初期骨髓纤维化的患者容易感觉疲劳，他们有时会服用贫血药来刺激携氧红细胞的生长。

6.However, combined with advanced myelofibrosis were not easily identify with primary myelofibrosis.

但晚期合并骨髓纤维化者则不易与原发性骨髓纤维化相鉴别。

7.Doctors recommend regular check-ups for patients with myelofibrosis.

医生建议定期检查骨髓纤维化患者的健康状况。

8.Symptoms of myelofibrosis include fatigue and an enlarged spleen.

在骨髓纤维化中，症状包括疲劳和脾脏肿大。

9.The patient was diagnosed with myelofibrosis, a serious bone marrow disorder.

该患者被诊断为骨髓纤维化，这是一种严重的骨髓疾病。

10.Research is ongoing to find new therapies for myelofibrosis.

研究正在进行，以寻找新的治疗骨髓纤维化的方法。

11.Treatment options for myelofibrosis may vary based on the severity of the condition.

针对骨髓纤维化的治疗方案可能会根据病情的严重程度而有所不同。

作文

Myelofibrosis is a rare and serious blood disorder that affects the bone marrow, leading to the production of abnormal blood cells. This condition is classified as a type of myeloproliferative neoplasm, which means that it involves the overproduction of blood cells in the bone marrow. The term myelofibrosis (骨髓纤维化) refers specifically to the replacement of normal bone marrow tissue with fibrous scar tissue. As this scar tissue accumulates, it disrupts the normal function of the bone marrow, which is essential for producing healthy blood cells.Patients with myelofibrosis often experience a range of symptoms due to the insufficient production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, night sweats, and an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly). The spleen becomes enlarged as it tries to compensate for the lack of healthy blood cells by producing them in other areas of the body. This can lead to additional complications, such as pain and discomfort in the abdominal area.The exact cause of myelofibrosis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to genetic mutations that affect the bone marrow's ability to produce blood cells. Some patients may have a mutation in the JAK2 gene, which plays a crucial role in blood cell production. Other genetic mutations associated with this condition include CALR and MPL mutations. These mutations can lead to the abnormal growth of blood cells, resulting in the formation of fibrous tissue in the bone marrow.Diagnosing myelofibrosis typically involves a combination of blood tests, imaging studies, and a bone marrow biopsy. Blood tests can reveal abnormalities in blood cell counts, while imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scans can help assess the size of the spleen and liver. A bone marrow biopsy is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the extent of fibrosis present in the bone marrow.Treatment options for myelofibrosis vary depending on the severity of the disease and the patient's overall health. In some cases, watchful waiting may be appropriate for patients with mild symptoms. For those with more severe symptoms, treatments may include medications to manage symptoms, such as pain relief and blood transfusions. Additionally, targeted therapies that inhibit the JAK2 pathway, such as ruxolitinib, have shown promise in improving symptoms and reducing spleen size.In advanced cases, where the disease progresses and complications arise, more aggressive treatments may be required. These can include stem cell transplantation, which offers the possibility of a cure but comes with significant risks and requires careful patient selection. It is essential for patients to work closely with their healthcare team to determine the best course of action based on their individual circumstances.Living with myelofibrosis can be challenging, both physically and emotionally. Patients may face uncertainty regarding their prognosis and treatment options. Support from healthcare providers, family, and support groups can play a vital role in helping individuals cope with the challenges posed by this condition. Education about the disease, its symptoms, and available treatments can empower patients and their families to make informed decisions about their care.In conclusion, myelofibrosis is a complex and serious condition that requires careful management and support. Understanding the nature of this disease, its symptoms, and treatment options can help patients navigate their journey and improve their quality of life. As research continues to advance, there is hope for better therapies and improved outcomes for those affected by myelofibrosis.

骨髓纤维化是一种罕见且严重的血液疾病，影响骨髓，导致异常血细胞的产生。这种病症被归类为一种骨髓增殖性肿瘤，意味着它涉及骨髓中血细胞的过度生产。术语myelofibrosis（骨髓纤维化）特指正常骨髓组织被纤维瘢痕组织替代。随着这种瘢痕组织的积累，它会干扰骨髓的正常功能，而骨髓对健康血细胞的生产至关重要。患有myelofibrosis的患者通常会因红细胞、白细胞和血小板的不足生产而经历一系列症状。常见症状包括疲劳、虚弱、夜间盗汗和脾脏肿大（脾肿大）。由于缺乏健康血细胞，脾脏变得肿大，因为它试图通过在身体其他区域产生血细胞来进行补偿。这可能导致额外的并发症，如腹部疼痛和不适。myelofibrosis的确切原因尚不完全清楚，但据信与影响骨髓产生血细胞的基因突变有关。一些患者可能在JAK2基因中存在突变，该基因在血细胞生产中起着关键作用。与这种病症相关的其他基因突变包括CALR和MPL突变。这些突变可能导致血细胞的异常生长，从而导致骨髓中纤维组织的形成。诊断myelofibrosis通常涉及血液检查、影像学研究和骨髓活检的组合。血液检查可以揭示血细胞计数的异常，而超声或CT扫描等影像学研究可以帮助评估脾脏和肝脏的大小。骨髓活检通常是确认诊断和评估骨髓中纤维化程度所必需的。对于myelofibrosis的治疗选择因疾病的严重程度和患者的整体健康状况而异。在某些情况下，对于症状轻微的患者，观察等待可能是合适的。对于那些症状更严重的患者，治疗可能包括管理症状的药物，如止痛药和输血。此外，抑制JAK2通路的靶向疗法，如ruxolitinib，在改善症状和减少脾脏大小方面显示出良好的前景。在疾病进展和并发症出现的晚期病例中，可能需要更积极的治疗。这可能包括干细胞移植，尽管这提供了治愈的可能性，但伴随重大风险，需要仔细选择患者。患者与医疗团队密切合作，根据个人情况确定最佳治疗方案至关重要。与myelofibrosis共存可能在身体和情感上都是具有挑战性的。患者可能面临有关预后和治疗选择的不确定性。来自医疗提供者、家人和支持小组的支持在帮助个人应对这一疾病带来的挑战方面发挥着至关重要的作用。关于疾病、其症状和可用治疗的教育可以使患者及其家庭能够做出明智的护理决策。总之，myelofibrosis是一种复杂且严重的疾病，需要仔细管理和支持。了解这种疾病的性质、症状和治疗选择可以帮助患者应对他们的旅程，提高生活质量。随着研究的持续推进，对于改善受到myelofibrosis影响的人的治疗和结果充满希望。