stereoisomerism

简明释义

英[ˌstɛr.i.oʊˈaɪ.səˌmɪr.ɪ.zəm]美[ˌstɛr.i.oʊˈaɪ.səˌmɪr.ɪ.zəm]

n. 立体异构现象

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Objective To investigate the relationship between stereoisomerism and pharmacological activity of anisodamine.

目的探讨山莨菪碱立体异构与生物活性的关系。

2.Objective To investigate the relationship between stereoisomerism and pharmacological activity of anisodamine.

目的探讨山莨菪碱立体异构与生物活性的关系。

3.Stereoisomerism is encountered in the homologous series .

在同系列中存在立体异构现象。

4.The team "stereoisomerism" however, is generally restricted to mirror image isomerism.

然而“立体异构”一词通常只限于镜象异构。

5.Understanding stereoisomerism 立体异构现象 helps in predicting how molecules will interact in biological systems.

理解立体异构现象有助于预测分子在生物系统中的相互作用。

6.Chemists often utilize stereoisomerism 立体异构现象 to design more effective catalysts.

化学家们常常利用立体异构现象来设计更有效的催化剂。

7.The study of stereoisomerism 立体异构现象 is crucial in understanding the behavior of complex organic molecules.

对立体异构现象的研究对于理解复杂有机分子的行为至关重要。

8.The phenomenon of stereoisomerism 立体异构现象 is important in the field of asymmetric synthesis.

在不对称合成领域，立体异构现象是一个重要的现象。

9.In pharmaceuticals, stereoisomerism 立体异构现象 can affect the efficacy and safety of drugs.

在制药领域，立体异构现象可能影响药物的有效性和安全性。

作文

Stereoisomerism is a fascinating concept in the field of chemistry that deals with the spatial arrangement of atoms within molecules. Unlike structural isomers, which differ in the connectivity of their atoms, stereoisomers have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in the three-dimensional orientation of their atoms. This phenomenon can significantly impact the properties and reactivity of compounds, making it an essential topic for chemists to understand. One of the most common types of stereoisomerism (立体异构现象) is geometric isomerism, which arises from the restricted rotation around double bonds. For example, in alkenes, the presence of a double bond creates two distinct configurations: the cis and trans isomers. The cis isomer has similar groups on the same side of the double bond, while the trans isomer has them on opposite sides. This seemingly minor difference can lead to significant variations in physical properties such as boiling points, melting points, and solubility. Another important category of stereoisomerism (立体异构现象) is optical isomerism. This type occurs when molecules can exist in two forms that are mirror images of each other, known as enantiomers. These enantiomers cannot be superimposed onto one another, much like how a person's left and right hands are mirror images but cannot perfectly align. Optical isomerism is particularly crucial in the pharmaceutical industry, as different enantiomers of a drug can have vastly different biological effects. For instance, one enantiomer may be therapeutically active while the other could be harmful or inactive. The study of stereoisomerism (立体异构现象) is not only limited to organic compounds; it also extends to inorganic chemistry. Certain metal complexes can exhibit stereoisomerism due to the arrangement of ligands around a central metal atom. For example, octahedral complexes can display cis and trans isomerism depending on the positioning of the ligands. Understanding these arrangements is crucial for predicting the behavior of these complexes in various chemical reactions. In summary, stereoisomerism (立体异构现象) is a critical aspect of chemistry that highlights the importance of molecular geometry in determining the properties and reactivity of substances. From the simple geometric isomers of alkenes to the complex interactions of enantiomers in biological systems, the implications of stereoisomerism (立体异构现象) are vast and significant. As we continue to explore the intricacies of molecular structures, the understanding of stereoisomerism (立体异构现象) will remain a cornerstone of chemical education and research, paving the way for advancements in various scientific fields.

立体异构现象是化学领域中的一个迷人概念，涉及分子中原子的空间排列。与结构异构体不同，结构异构体在原子的连接方式上有所不同，而立体异构体具有相同的分子式和连接方式，但在原子的三维方向上有所不同。这一现象可以显著影响化合物的性质和反应性，因此对于化学家来说，理解它是至关重要的。立体异构现象中最常见的类型之一是几何异构现象，它源于双键周围的旋转受限。例如，在烯烃中，双键的存在产生了两种不同的构型：顺式和反式异构体。顺式异构体的相似基团位于双键的同一侧，而反式异构体的相似基团则位于双键的两侧。这看似微小的差异可以导致物理性质，如沸点、熔点和溶解度的显著变化。另一种重要的立体异构现象类型是光学异构现象。这种类型发生在分子可以存在于两种形式时，这两种形式是彼此的镜像，称为对映体。这些对映体不能互相叠加，就像一个人的左手和右手是镜像但不能完美对齐一样。光学异构现象在制药行业中特别重要，因为药物的不同对映体可能具有截然不同的生物效应。例如，一个对映体可能具有治疗活性，而另一个可能有害或无效。立体异构现象的研究不仅限于有机化合物；它还扩展到无机化学。某些金属配合物由于配体围绕中心金属原子的排列而表现出立体异构现象。例如，八面体配合物可以根据配体的位置显示顺式和反式异构现象。理解这些排列对于预测这些配合物在各种化学反应中的行为至关重要。总之，立体异构现象是化学的一个关键方面，突显了分子几何形状在决定物质性质和反应性方面的重要性。从烯烃的简单几何异构体到生物系统中对映体的复杂相互作用，立体异构现象的影响广泛而重要。随着我们继续探索分子结构的复杂性，对立体异构现象的理解将始终是化学教育和研究的基石，为各个科学领域的进步铺平道路。