microsatellite

简明释义

英[/ˌmaɪ.kroʊˈsæt.ə.laɪt/]美[/ˌmaɪ.kroʊˈsæt.ə.laɪt/]

n. 微卫星；小随体

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The microsatellite characterized light weight, good performance, short development cycle and low cost.

现代微小卫星具有重量轻、性能好、研制周期短、造价低等优点。

2.Results: Valid data were obtained at the 18 microsatellite sites.

结果：18个微卫星位点均获得有效数据。

3.Methods Paired blood and RB tumor samples from 16 patients were analyzed with fluorescent PCR for LOH at 14 microsatellite marker loci on chromosome 13.

方法16个RB患者成对的肿瘤与其相应血清标本在13号染色体上14个微卫星标记处通过荧光PCR进行扩增，分析测定LOH ；

4.Recessive allelic variations were investigated at 3 microsatellite (SSR) sites within the o2 gene by using 14 inbred o2 lines and a wild-type line in maize.

用14个O2玉米自交系和1个普通玉米自交系研究玉米o2基因内3个微卫星(SSR)位点的隐性等位变异。

5.Application of Microsatellite DNA on Analyzing the Homology of Related Species in Juglans l.

微卫星DNA在核桃属近缘种同源性分析上的应用。

6.UWCA9, IDVGA-2 and BM3413 microsatellite DNA were selected to analysis their relationship between milk traits and body size in 54 Holstein cattle.

研究选择了3个微卫星DNA基因座UWCA9、IDVGA-2和BM3413，对54头荷斯坦奶牛进行产奶性能及体尺性状的相关分析。

7.The engraftment state of the donor cells into recipients was confirmed by microsatellite DNA fingerprinting and fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis.

移植后供者细胞植入状态的检测方法采用微卫星DNA指纹法或萤光定量pcr分析。

8.The implementation method of the receiver carrier recovery loop of microsatellite affects the volume, weight and function reconfigurability of the transponder.

针对微小卫星测控应答机的体积、重量及其功能灵活性，研究了接收机载波恢复环的实现方法。

9.Particularly the method of microsatellite primer-PCR amplification makes clear the relationship of genetic diversity.

尤其是微卫星引物pcr扩增明确了桃蚜寄主生物型和体色生物型的遗传分化关系。

10.The microsatellite analysis revealed important information about the ancestry of the species.

该微卫星分析揭示了关于物种祖先的重要信息。

11.The study found a correlation between certain microsatellite loci and disease susceptibility.

研究发现某些微卫星位点与疾病易感性之间存在关联。

12.Researchers used microsatellite markers to study genetic diversity in plant populations.

研究人员使用微卫星标记来研究植物种群的遗传多样性。

13.Scientists have identified several microsatellite regions that are highly variable among different populations.

科学家已经确定了几个在不同种群中高度可变的微卫星区域。

14.Forensics often relies on microsatellite DNA profiling for identifying individuals.

法医学通常依赖于微卫星DNA分析来识别个体。

作文

In the field of genetics, the term microsatellite refers to a type of repetitive DNA sequence found throughout the genome. These sequences are typically composed of short motifs, usually two to six base pairs in length, that repeat multiple times. The study of microsatellites has gained significant attention due to their high mutation rates and their potential applications in various fields such as forensics, population genetics, and evolutionary biology. Understanding microsatellites can provide insights into genetic diversity, population structure, and even the evolutionary history of species.One of the most fascinating aspects of microsatellites is their variability among individuals within a population. This variability is primarily due to the process of replication slippage during DNA replication, which can lead to the addition or deletion of repeat units. As a result, different individuals may possess different numbers of repeats in these regions, making microsatellites valuable markers for genetic studies. For instance, researchers can use microsatellite markers to assess genetic relatedness between individuals, track inheritance patterns, or even identify unique genetic signatures in forensic investigations.In addition to their utility in genetics, microsatellites also play a crucial role in understanding human diseases. Certain microsatellite regions have been linked to various genetic disorders, including some forms of cancer. For example, expansions of microsatellite repeats in specific genes can lead to conditions such as Huntington's disease and fragile X syndrome. By studying these regions, scientists can gain insights into the mechanisms of disease development and progression, ultimately paving the way for more effective treatments and interventions.The applications of microsatellites extend beyond human health; they are also widely used in conservation biology. Conservationists often rely on microsatellite analysis to monitor genetic diversity within endangered populations. By assessing the genetic makeup of small populations, researchers can identify inbreeding and its potential negative effects on population viability. This information is critical for developing effective conservation strategies and ensuring the long-term survival of threatened species.Despite their many advantages, the use of microsatellites is not without challenges. One of the primary concerns is the potential for homoplasy, where similar microsatellite profiles arise independently in different lineages due to convergent evolution. This can complicate phylogenetic analyses and lead to incorrect conclusions about evolutionary relationships. Additionally, the labor-intensive nature of microsatellite genotyping can also pose logistical challenges for researchers.In conclusion, the study of microsatellites offers a wealth of information regarding genetic variation, disease mechanisms, and conservation efforts. Their unique properties make them indispensable tools in modern genetics, allowing researchers to explore the intricate relationships between genes, environments, and evolutionary processes. As our understanding of microsatellites continues to grow, so too does their potential for contributing to advancements in medicine, conservation, and our overall understanding of life on Earth.

在遗传学领域，术语微卫星指的是一种在基因组中发现的重复DNA序列。这些序列通常由短的基序组成，长度通常为两个到六个碱基对，重复多次。由于其高突变率和在法医学、种群遗传学和进化生物学等多个领域的潜在应用，微卫星的研究引起了显著关注。理解微卫星可以为遗传多样性、种群结构甚至物种的进化历史提供见解。微卫星最迷人的方面之一是它们在种群中个体之间的变异性。这种变异性主要是由于DNA复制过程中出现的复制滑移，可能导致重复单位的增加或减少。因此，不同个体可能在这些区域中拥有不同数量的重复，使得微卫星成为遗传研究中的宝贵标记。例如，研究人员可以使用微卫星标记来评估个体之间的遗传相关性，跟踪遗传模式，甚至在法医调查中识别独特的遗传特征。除了在遗传学中的实用性，微卫星在理解人类疾病方面也发挥着至关重要的作用。某些微卫星区域已与各种遗传疾病相关联，包括某些形式的癌症。例如，特定基因中微卫星重复的扩展可能导致亨廷顿舞蹈病和脆性X综合症等疾病。通过研究这些区域，科学家可以获得关于疾病发展和进展机制的见解，最终为更有效的治疗和干预铺平道路。微卫星的应用不仅限于人类健康；它们在保护生物学中也被广泛使用。保护主义者通常依赖微卫星分析来监测濒危种群内的遗传多样性。通过评估小种群的遗传构成，研究人员可以识别近交及其对种群生存能力的潜在负面影响。这些信息对于制定有效的保护策略和确保受威胁物种的长期生存至关重要。尽管有许多优点，使用微卫星也不是没有挑战。一个主要的担忧是同源性的问题，即不同谱系中相似的微卫星特征由于趋同进化而独立出现。这可能会使系统发育分析复杂化，并导致对进化关系的错误结论。此外，微卫星基因分型的劳动密集型特性也可能给研究人员带来后勤挑战。总之，微卫星的研究提供了关于遗传变异、疾病机制和保护努力的丰富信息。它们独特的特性使它们成为现代遗传学中不可或缺的工具，使研究人员能够探索基因、环境和进化过程之间错综复杂的关系。随着我们对微卫星理解的不断深入，它们在医学、保护和我们对地球生命整体理解方面的潜力也在不断增长。