receptor

简明释义

英[rɪˈseptə(r)]美[rɪˈseptər]

n. [生化] 受体；接受器；感觉器官

复 数 r e c e p t o r s

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.Thus a receptor may be a protein, enzyme, membrane channel, or a region of a foreign pathogen.

这样的受体可以是蛋白质、酶、膜通道或外来病原体的一个区域。

2.Explore the application of the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique in the studies of the extrinsic ionotropic receptor.

探索两电极电压钳技术在非本征离子受体研究中的应用。

3.The 7r variant of DRD4, a dopamine receptor gene, had previously been associated with novelty seeking.

DRD4基因的7r变异体是一种多巴胺受体基因。它已经被证明与追求新奇的个性相关。

4.Those mutations had little effect on how the receptor grabbed hormones.

这些突变对受体如何结合激素没有影响。

5.The number of these receptor by-products declines regularly over time.

这些产生受体时的副产物随着时间的推移会有规律地逐渐减少。

6.Erbitux, for example, binds to a cell-surface protein called epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR).

例如，艾比特思和名为表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)的细胞表面蛋白的结合。

7.In pharmacology, understanding how a drug interacts with its receptor is crucial for developing effective treatments.

在药理学中，了解药物如何与其受体相互作用对开发有效治疗至关重要。

8.The hormone binds to the specific receptor to initiate a cellular response.

激素与特定的受体结合以启动细胞反应。

9.The immune system uses receptors on its cells to recognize pathogens.

免疫系统利用细胞上的受体来识别病原体。

10.Pain signals are transmitted through neurons that have specific receptors for pain.

疼痛信号通过具有特定受体的神经元传递。

11.Certain types of cancer can develop when receptors on cells become overactive.

当细胞上的受体变得过于活跃时，某些类型的癌症可能会发展。

作文

In the vast realm of biology, the concept of a receptor (受体) plays a crucial role in understanding how organisms interact with their environment. A receptor is a protein molecule located on the surface of cells or within cells that receives and responds to chemical signals. These signals can be hormones, neurotransmitters, or other signaling molecules that bind to the receptor, triggering a series of cellular responses. The specificity of receptors allows for precise communication between cells, which is essential for maintaining homeostasis and coordinating complex physiological processes.One of the most fascinating aspects of receptors is their diversity. There are many different types of receptors, each tailored to detect specific signals. For example, ionotropic receptors facilitate the flow of ions across the cell membrane in response to neurotransmitter binding, while G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate intracellular signaling cascades through the activation of G-proteins. This diversity is not only important for normal cellular function but also for the development of targeted therapies in medicine. By understanding how receptors work, scientists can design drugs that specifically target these proteins to treat various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders.Moreover, the study of receptors extends beyond human biology; it encompasses the entire animal kingdom and even plants. For instance, plants have receptors that allow them to respond to environmental stimuli like light, gravity, and water availability. This ability to sense and react to their surroundings is vital for their survival and growth. In animals, receptors are integral to sensory systems, enabling organisms to perceive their environment through sight, sound, taste, touch, and smell. Each of these senses relies on specialized receptors that convert external stimuli into electrical signals that the nervous system can interpret.The malfunction of receptors can lead to a variety of health issues. For example, if insulin receptors become less responsive, it can result in insulin resistance, a key feature of type 2 diabetes. Similarly, abnormalities in neurotransmitter receptors are implicated in mental health disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. Understanding the mechanisms behind these malfunctions can pave the way for innovative treatment strategies.In conclusion, receptors (受体) are fundamental components of biological systems that facilitate communication within and between cells. Their intricate mechanisms and diverse functions underscore their importance in health and disease. As research continues to unravel the complexities of receptors, we move closer to harnessing their potential in developing new therapies and enhancing our understanding of life's processes. The exploration of receptors not only enriches our knowledge of biology but also opens doors to advancements in medical science, ultimately improving human health and well-being.

在生物学的广阔领域中，receptor（受体）这一概念在理解生物体如何与环境互动方面发挥着关键作用。receptor是一种位于细胞表面或细胞内部的蛋白质分子，能够接收并响应化学信号。这些信号可以是激素、神经递质或其他结合到receptor上的信号分子，从而触发一系列细胞反应。receptors的特异性允许细胞之间进行精确的通信，这对于维持内稳态和协调复杂的生理过程至关重要。receptors最迷人的一个方面是它们的多样性。存在许多不同类型的receptors，每种都专门用于检测特定的信号。例如，离子型receptors在神经递质结合时促进离子通过细胞膜的流动，而G蛋白偶联receptors（GPCRs）则通过激活G蛋白启动细胞内信号级联反应。这种多样性不仅对正常细胞功能重要，而且对医学上针对性疗法的开发也至关重要。通过了解receptors的工作原理，科学家可以设计专门针对这些蛋白质的药物，以治疗各种疾病，如癌症、糖尿病和神经系统疾病。此外，对receptors的研究超越了人类生物学，涵盖了整个动物王国甚至植物。例如，植物有receptors使它们能够对环境刺激如光、重力和水分可用性作出反应。这种感知和反应周围环境的能力对它们的生存和生长至关重要。在动物中，receptors是感官系统的核心，使生物能够通过视觉、听觉、味觉、触觉和嗅觉感知其环境。每一种感官都依赖于专门的receptors，将外部刺激转化为神经系统可以解释的电信号。receptors的功能失常可能导致各种健康问题。例如，如果胰岛素receptors变得不那么敏感，可能会导致胰岛素抵抗，这是2型糖尿病的一个关键特征。同样，神经递质receptors的异常与抑郁症和精神分裂症等心理健康障碍有关。了解这些功能失常背后的机制可以为创新治疗策略铺平道路。总之，receptors（受体）是生物系统的基本组成部分，促进细胞内和细胞间的通信。它们复杂的机制和多样的功能突显了它们在健康和疾病中的重要性。随着研究不断揭示receptors的复杂性，我们越来越接近利用它们的潜力来开发新疗法，并增强我们对生命过程的理解。对receptors的探索不仅丰富了我们对生物学的知识，也为医学科学的进步打开了大门，最终改善人类的健康和福祉。