methylated

简明释义

英[ˈmeθəleɪtɪd]美[ˈmeθɪleɪtɪd;ˈmeθəleɪtɪd]

adj. 甲基化的，加入甲醇的

v. 使……甲基化；在……中加甲醇（methylate 的过去分词）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The metals which are of particular concern are those which have been shown to be methylated in nature.

人们特别关心那些在自然界能被甲基化的金属。

2.Beware of methylated alcohol, which is very poisonous and should never be added to drinking water.

要提防甲基化酒精，那是剧毒的，永远不能掺入饮用水。

3.A quarter of the methylated cytosines in stem cells, however, were not followed by guanines.

然而，干细胞里四分之一的甲基胞核嘧啶却没有鸟嘌呤随后。

4.Moreover, the difference was largely accounted for by something strange. Previous studies have shown that methylated cytosines are usually next to a letter called guanine (G).

此外, 造成它们的差别的主要原因却很奇怪,先前的研究显示,甲基胞核嘧啶通常在鸟嘌呤(G)字母的旁边.

5.They also had the opposite effect from methylated cytosines found in promoter regions.

而在基因的启动子区域里它们的影响和甲基胞核嘧啶正相反。

6.This test can also be completed by mixing equal parts honey and methylated spirits (denatured alcohol).

这个实验也可以通过把蜂蜜和加了甲醇的酒精（变性酒精）等量混合的方法来完成。

7.When genome transplantations were performed using the restriction enzyme minus recipient cells, all the genome transplantations worked regardless of if the DNA was methylated or not.

结果显示不论DNA甲基化与否，所有使用受体细胞限制性内切酶的基因组移植都获得成功。

8.Their first discovery was that the stem cells were more methylated than the lung cells—5.8% of cytosines, compared with 4.3%.

他们的第一个发现是:干细胞比肺细胞更多甲基化 -相对4.3%而言, 它有5.8%的 胞核嘧啶.

9.Beware of methylated alcohol, which is very poisonous, and should never be added to drinking water.

要提防甲基化酒精，那是剧毒的，永远不能掺入饮用水。

10.The gene was found to be methylated, which affected its expression.

这个基因被发现是甲基化的，这影响了它的表达。

11.In the study, they found that the methylated regions were associated with reduced gene activity.

在研究中，他们发现甲基化区域与基因活性降低有关。

12.The presence of methylated markers in the genome can indicate disease risk.

基因组中存在的甲基化标记可以指示疾病风险。

13.Researchers are studying how methylated DNA can influence cancer development.

研究人员正在研究如何甲基化的DNA可以影响癌症的发展。

14.Certain environmental factors can lead to the methylated state of genes.

某些环境因素可以导致基因的甲基化状态。

作文

In the field of biochemistry, the term methylated refers to the process of adding a methyl group (CH3) to a molecule, typically DNA or proteins. This modification can have significant implications for gene expression and cellular function. For instance, when DNA is methylated, it can affect how genes are turned on or off, influencing everything from development to disease susceptibility.

One of the most studied forms of methylation occurs in the context of epigenetics. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene activity that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. The addition of methyl groups to specific sites on the DNA can lead to the silencing of genes, which is essential for normal development and cellular differentiation.

For example, during embryonic development, certain genes must be methylated to ensure that stem cells differentiate into specific cell types. If these genes remain active, it could lead to improper development and various health issues. Thus, methylation serves as a crucial regulatory mechanism in gene expression.

Moreover, aberrant methylation patterns have been linked to various diseases, including cancer. In many cancers, tumor suppressor genes are found to be hyper-methylated, leading to their silencing and allowing uncontrolled cell growth. This has opened up new avenues for therapeutic interventions where restoring normal methylation patterns could potentially reverse the progression of the disease.

Additionally, environmental factors such as diet, stress, and exposure to toxins can influence the methylation status of genes. Nutrients like folate, vitamin B12, and choline are involved in the methylation process and can affect overall health. Consequently, understanding how lifestyle choices impact methylation could provide insights into preventive health measures and personalized medicine.

In conclusion, the concept of methylation is vital in understanding the complexity of gene regulation and its implications for health and disease. As research continues to uncover the nuances of methylation, it holds promise for advancements in medical science, particularly in the fields of genetics and cancer therapy. By manipulating methylation patterns, scientists may develop novel strategies to combat diseases and improve health outcomes for individuals worldwide.

在生物化学领域，术语methylated指的是将甲基（CH3）添加到分子上，通常是DNA或蛋白质。这种修饰对基因表达和细胞功能有重要影响。例如，当DNA被methylated时，它可以影响基因的开启或关闭，从而影响从发育到疾病易感性的方方面面。

在表观遗传学中，最常研究的methylation形式之一。表观遗传学是研究遗传基因活性变化的学科，这些变化并不涉及对基础DNA序列的改变。向DNA特定位点添加甲基可以导致基因沉默，这对于正常发育和细胞分化至关重要。

例如，在胚胎发育过程中，某些基因必须被methylated以确保干细胞分化为特定细胞类型。如果这些基因保持活跃，可能会导致发育不正常和各种健康问题。因此，methylation作为基因表达的重要调控机制。

此外，异常的methylation模式与多种疾病有关，包括癌症。在许多癌症中，肿瘤抑制基因被发现高度methylated，导致其沉默并允许细胞失控生长。这为治疗干预打开了新的途径，通过恢复正常的methylation模式，可能会逆转疾病的进程。

此外，饮食、压力和接触毒素等环境因素可以影响基因的methylation状态。营养素如叶酸、维生素B12和胆碱参与methylation过程，并可能影响整体健康。因此，了解生活方式选择如何影响methylation可能为预防健康措施和个性化医学提供见解。

总之，methylation的概念对于理解基因调控的复杂性及其对健康和疾病的影响至关重要。随着研究继续揭示methylation的细微差别，它为医学科学的进步，特别是在遗传学和癌症治疗领域，带来了希望。通过操纵methylation模式，科学家们可能会开发出新策略来对抗疾病并改善全球人群的健康结果。