xenograft

简明释义

英[/ˈzɛnəˌɡræft/]美[/ˈzɛnəˌɡræft/]

n. [医] 异种移植；[医] 异种移植物

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The works summarized here cover both the innate and adaptative cellular immune response as well as strategies to overcome them and consequently prevent xenograft rejection.

这里总结工程覆盖的先天免疫和适应性免疫反应以及克服它们，从而防止异种移植排斥反应的策略。

2.Objective To review the current condition, test method and progress of the animal model of xenograft versus host disease (xeno GVHD).

目的综述异种移植物抗宿主反应(GVHD)动物模型的研究现状、检测方法及进展情况。

3.The Hopkins group is conducting a clinical trial of the xenograft model in 40 patients undergoing surgery at Johns Hopkins for non-metastatic pancreas cancer.

霍普金斯研究小组在霍普金斯医院就诊的40名非转移性胰腺癌病人身上进行了异种移植小鼠模型的临床试验。

4.Histological observation: at postoperative 4 weeks, in gross observation, articular surface of autologous bone group and xenograft bone group was smooth.

组织学观察结果：术后4周，大体观察，自体骨组与异种骨组关节面光滑。

5.The selectively high expression of NS1 in xenograft tumor of human HCC was consistent with H 1 replication.

NS1选择性地在人肝癌移植瘤中的高表达结果与细小病毒H1的复制情况一致。

6.The inhibitory effect on growth of breast cancer xenograft in nude mice was 95% for CM-1-PYM conjugate and 58%for free drug.

药物（平阳霉素；PYM）偶联物对裸鼠移植乳腺癌生长的抑瘤率为95％，而同等剂量的游离药物为58％。

7.Concluson: Thymus transplantation is effective to induce xenograft tolerance and improve the functional survival time of islet xenograft.

结论：胸腺移植对诱导免疫耐受、提高异种胰岛移植物存活有一定作用。

8.Objective: To investigate the rejection mechanisms of bone xenograft by comparing the immunoreaction of frozen dried bone xenograft with that of bone allograft.

目的：通过比较冻干同种与异种骨移植免疫反应，探讨异种骨移植排斥机制。

9.The patient received a xenograft from a pig to repair damaged tissue.

患者接受了来自猪的xenograft（异种移植）以修复受损组织。

10.The surgeons decided to use a xenograft for the heart valve replacement surgery.

外科医生决定在心脏瓣膜置换手术中使用xenograft（异种移植）。

11.Researchers are studying the effectiveness of xenograft skin in burn treatment.

研究人员正在研究xenograft（异种移植）皮肤在烧伤治疗中的有效性。

12.Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the safety of xenograft organs.

临床试验正在进行，以评估xenograft（异种移植）器官的安全性。

13.In some cases, a xenograft is preferred over an allograft due to availability.

在某些情况下，由于可获得性，xenograft（异种移植）比同种移植更受欢迎。

作文

In the field of medicine, the term xenograft refers to the transplantation of organs or tissues from one species to another. This innovative procedure has gained attention in recent years, especially as the demand for organ transplants continues to outpace supply. The concept of xenograft is not new; it has been explored for decades, but advancements in genetic engineering and immunology have opened new doors for its application. One of the most significant benefits of xenograft is the potential to alleviate the critical shortage of human organs available for transplantation. According to statistics, thousands of patients die each year while waiting for a suitable organ donor. By using animal organs, such as those from pigs or goats, researchers hope to provide viable alternatives that could save lives. For instance, pig organs are particularly promising because they are similar in size and function to human organs. Moreover, pigs can be bred in controlled environments, making it easier to ensure the health and compatibility of the organs.However, the use of xenograft also raises significant ethical and medical concerns. One major issue is the risk of xenotransplantation, which is the transfer of organs from one species to another, leading to potential transmission of zoonotic diseases. These are diseases that can jump from animals to humans, posing serious health risks. Researchers must therefore develop rigorous screening processes to ensure that any organs used in xenograft procedures are free from pathogens that could harm human recipients.Additionally, the body’s immune response presents another challenge. When a foreign organ is introduced into the human body, the immune system may recognize it as a threat and mount an attack against it. This rejection can result in the failure of the xenograft, necessitating lifelong immunosuppressive therapy for the recipient. While these medications can help prevent rejection, they also increase the risk of infections and other complications.Despite these challenges, ongoing research into xenograft technology shows promise. Scientists are exploring genetic modifications that could make animal organs more compatible with human biology. For example, by altering specific genes in pigs, researchers aim to reduce the likelihood of rejection and improve the chances of successful transplantation. Furthermore, advances in stem cell research may allow for the creation of hybrid organs that combine human and animal cells, potentially minimizing the risks associated with traditional xenograft procedures.In conclusion, the concept of xenograft represents a fascinating intersection of science, ethics, and medicine. As researchers continue to explore this innovative approach to organ transplantation, it is crucial to address the ethical implications and health risks involved. If successful, xenograft could revolutionize the field of transplantation, providing new hope for patients in need of life-saving organs. The future of xenograft holds great promise, but it will require careful consideration and responsible research practices to ensure that it benefits humanity as a whole.

在医学领域，术语xenograft指的是将一个物种的器官或组织移植到另一个物种的过程。这一创新程序近年来引起了广泛关注，特别是在器官移植的需求持续超过供给的背景下。xenograft的概念并不新鲜；几十年来一直在探索，但基因工程和免疫学的进步为其应用开辟了新天地。xenograft的一个显著好处是能够缓解人类可用器官移植的严重短缺。根据统计，每年有成千上万的患者在等待合适的器官捐赠者时死去。通过使用动物器官，例如来自猪或山羊的器官，研究人员希望提供可行的替代品，以挽救生命。例如，猪的器官特别有前景，因为它们在大小和功能上与人类器官相似。此外，猪可以在受控环境中繁殖，使得确保器官的健康和兼容性变得更加容易。然而，使用xenograft也引发了重大伦理和医学问题。一个主要问题是异种移植的风险，即从一个物种转移器官到另一个物种，可能导致人畜共患疾病的传播。这些是可以从动物传播到人类的疾病，构成严重的健康风险。因此，研究人员必须制定严格的筛查流程，以确保任何用于xenograft程序的器官都不携带可能危害人类接受者的病原体。此外，身体的免疫反应也带来了另一个挑战。当一个外来器官被引入人体时，免疫系统可能会将其视为威胁，并对其发起攻击。这种排斥反应可能导致xenograft的失败，因此接受者需要终身进行免疫抑制治疗。虽然这些药物可以帮助防止排斥反应，但它们也增加了感染和其他并发症的风险。尽管面临这些挑战，持续对xenograft技术的研究显示出希望。科学家们正在探索基因改造，以使动物器官与人类生物更兼容。例如，通过改变猪中的特定基因，研究人员旨在减少排斥的可能性，提高成功移植的机会。此外，干细胞研究的进展可能允许创造结合人类和动物细胞的混合器官，从而最大限度地降低传统xenograft程序相关的风险。总之，xenograft的概念代表了科学、伦理和医学的迷人交汇点。随着研究人员继续探索这一创新的器官移植方法，至关重要的是要解决涉及的伦理影响和健康风险。如果成功，xenograft可能会彻底改变移植领域，为需要拯救生命的患者提供新的希望。xenograft的未来充满希望，但需要谨慎考虑和负责任的研究实践，以确保它惠及整人类。