frameshift

简明释义

英[ˈfreɪmˌʃɪft]美[ˈfreɪmˌʃɪft]

adj. 移码的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The mutations in patients with factor V deficiency were identified including point mutation, frameshift mutation, deletion and insertion mutation.

本课题在对具有先天性出血倾向的门诊患者进行筛查的过程中，发现了一例重型凝血因子V缺乏症患者。

2.We show that sodium channels with the missense mutation recover from inactivation more rapidly than normal and that the frameshift mutation causes the sodium channel to be non-functional.

电生理研究显示含有错义突变的钠离子通道比正常通道从静止中恢复的更快，而读码突变使钠离子通道失去功能。

3.Results all samples of water have plenty of direct mutagen and a small amount of indirect mutagen of base frameshift mutation.

结果各水样中有大量的碱基移码型的直接致突变物和少量的需经代谢活化的碱基移码型的直接致突变物。

4.In Ames assay the strains were TA98 and TA100, which were able to determine base pair substitutions and frameshift mutation respectively.

所用的菌种为TA98和TA10 0 ，主要考察碱基对置换突变和移码致突变。

5.Both frameshift and missense mutations can be suppressed by intragenic suppressors.

移码突变和异义突变都能被基因内抑制基因所抑制。

6.We show that sodium channels with the missense mutation recover from inactivation more rapidly than normal and that the frameshift mutation causes the sodium channel to be non-functional.

电生理研究显示含有错义突变的钠离子通道比正常通道从静止中恢复的更快，而读码突变使钠离子通道失去功能。

7.Both frameshift and missense mutations can be suppressed by intragenic suppressors.

两个突变发生在同一基因内的抑制，叫基因内抑制。

8.The frameshift mutation altered the reading frame of the genetic code.

该移码突变改变了遗传密码的阅读框。

9.Scientists are studying the effects of a specific frameshift on protein function.

科学家正在研究特定移码突变对蛋白质功能的影响。

10.Inserting a nucleotide can cause a frameshift that changes the entire amino acid sequence.

插入一个核苷酸可能导致一个移码突变，改变整个氨基酸序列。

11.A mutation that causes a frameshift can lead to a completely different protein being produced.

一种导致移码突变的突变可以导致产生完全不同的蛋白质。

12.Researchers discovered a frameshift in the gene responsible for the disease.

研究人员发现了导致该疾病的基因中的移码突变。

作文

In the study of genetics, the term frameshift refers to a specific type of mutation that can have profound effects on an organism's phenotype. A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted into or deleted from the DNA sequence in numbers that are not multiples of three. This shift in the reading frame of the genetic code can lead to the production of completely different proteins, which can disrupt normal biological functions and potentially lead to diseases such as cancer. To understand how a frameshift mutation works, it is essential to first grasp the basics of the genetic code. DNA is composed of sequences of nucleotides, which are grouped into codons—each codon consists of three nucleotides that correspond to a specific amino acid. When the sequence of these nucleotides is altered by a frameshift, all subsequent codons are misread, resulting in a cascade of errors in protein synthesis.For example, consider a simple DNA sequence: ATT GAC TGA. If we introduce a frameshift by adding an extra nucleotide, such as A, the sequence becomes: AAT TGA CTG A. The original sequence would have translated to a specific protein, but the new sequence will likely produce a completely different protein or none at all, depending on where the shift occurs. This can lead to significant functional changes in the organism, ranging from mild to severe consequences.The implications of frameshift mutations extend beyond individual organisms; they also play a crucial role in evolution. Mutations are a primary source of genetic variation, and while many mutations can be harmful, some can provide advantages that may help organisms adapt to their environments. For instance, if a frameshift mutation occurs in a population of bacteria, it might allow some individuals to survive in conditions where others do not, thus driving natural selection.Moreover, frameshift mutations are often associated with various genetic disorders. For example, certain forms of cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs disease can result from frameshift mutations. Understanding these mutations is critical for developing gene therapies and treatments that target the underlying genetic causes of these conditions.In conclusion, the concept of frameshift mutations is vital in the field of genetics. These mutations can drastically alter the course of protein synthesis, leading to a wide range of biological effects. From understanding disease mechanisms to exploring evolutionary processes, recognizing the significance of frameshift mutations is essential for anyone studying genetics or related fields. As research continues to advance, the potential for harnessing this knowledge for therapeutic purposes grows, offering hope for future medical breakthroughs. In essence, the study of frameshift mutations not only enhances our understanding of life at the molecular level but also opens doors to innovative solutions in medicine and biotechnology.

在遗传学研究中，术语frameshift指的是一种特定类型的突变，这种突变可能对生物体的表型产生深远的影响。frameshift突变发生在DNA序列中插入或删除的核苷酸数量不是三的倍数时。这种基因阅读框的偏移可能导致产生完全不同的蛋白质，从而干扰正常的生物功能，并可能导致癌症等疾病。要理解frameshift突变是如何工作的，首先必须掌握遗传密码的基础知识。DNA由核苷酸序列组成，这些序列被分组为密码子——每个密码子由三个核苷酸组成，对应于特定的氨基酸。当通过frameshift引入这些核苷酸的序列发生变化时，所有后续的密码子都会被错误读取，从而导致蛋白质合成中的一系列错误。例如，考虑一个简单的DNA序列：ATT GAC TGA。如果我们通过添加一个额外的核苷酸（如A）来引入frameshift，则序列变为：AAT TGA CTG A。原始序列将翻译成特定的蛋白质，但新序列可能会产生完全不同的蛋白质，或者根本不产生蛋白质，这取决于偏移发生的位置。这可能导致生物体的功能发生显著变化，范围从轻微到严重的后果。frameshift突变的影响不仅限于单个生物体；它们在进化中也起着至关重要的作用。突变是遗传变异的主要来源，虽然许多突变可能是有害的，但有些突变可以提供优势，帮助生物体适应其环境。例如，如果在细菌种群中发生frameshift突变，它可能使一些个体在其他个体无法生存的条件下存活，从而推动自然选择。此外，frameshift突变通常与各种遗传疾病相关。例如，某些类型的囊性纤维化和泰-萨克斯病可能是由于frameshift突变引起的。理解这些突变对于开发针对这些疾病潜在遗传原因的基因治疗和治疗方法至关重要。总之，frameshift突变的概念在遗传学领域至关重要。这些突变可以极大地改变蛋白质合成的过程，导致广泛的生物效应。从理解疾病机制到探索进化过程，认识到frameshift突变的重要性对于任何研究遗传学或相关领域的人来说都是必不可少的。随着研究的不断发展，利用这一知识进行治疗的潜力也在增长，为未来的医学突破带来了希望。本质上，研究frameshift突变不仅增强了我们对分子层面生命的理解，也为医学和生物技术中的创新解决方案打开了大门。