biguanides

简明释义

英[bɪˈɡwæn.aɪdz]美[bɪˈɡwæn.aɪdz]

n. 双胍类；双胍类药物（biguanide 的复数形式）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.As opposed to sulfonylurea, biguanides or insulin all of which promote weight gain.

而磺脲类药物及胰岛素等均会引起体重增加。

2.As opposed to sulfonylurea, biguanides or insulin all of which promote weight gain.

而磺脲类药物及胰岛素等均会引起体重增加。

3.The mechanism of action of biguanides involves reducing glucose production in the liver.

双胍类药物的作用机制涉及减少肝脏的葡萄糖生成。

4.Doctors often prescribe biguanides for patients with type 2 diabetes.

医生常常为2型糖尿病患者开处方双胍类药物。

5.Patients taking biguanides should monitor their kidney function regularly.

服用双胍类药物的患者应定期监测肾功能。

6.Metformin is the most commonly used medication in the biguanides class.

二甲双胍是使用最广泛的双胍类药物。

7.Research shows that biguanides can help improve insulin sensitivity.

研究表明，双胍类药物可以帮助改善胰岛素敏感性。

作文

In recent years, the field of medicine has seen a significant rise in the popularity of various classes of drugs designed to treat diabetes. Among these, a class known as biguanides has gained considerable attention for its effectiveness and unique mechanism of action. Biguanides, primarily represented by the drug metformin, are widely used to manage blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metformin works by decreasing hepatic glucose production, increasing insulin sensitivity, and enhancing peripheral glucose uptake. This multifaceted approach not only helps in controlling blood sugar but also contributes to weight management, making it a preferred choice for many patients.The history of biguanides can be traced back to the 1920s when researchers began to explore the properties of guanidine derivatives. Initially, these compounds were derived from the French lilac plant, which was traditionally used in herbal medicine to treat diabetes. However, it wasn't until the late 20th century that biguanides were formally introduced into clinical practice. The introduction of metformin revolutionized diabetes treatment, as it provided an alternative to insulin therapy and other oral hypoglycemic agents.One of the most compelling aspects of biguanides is their ability to improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients. Numerous studies have shown that metformin not only lowers blood sugar levels but also reduces the risk of heart disease, which is a common complication associated with diabetes. This dual benefit has made biguanides a cornerstone in diabetes management, particularly for patients who are overweight or obese.Despite their advantages, biguanides are not without side effects. The most common adverse effect associated with metformin use is gastrointestinal discomfort, including nausea and diarrhea. These side effects often lead to discontinuation of therapy; however, they can frequently be mitigated by starting with a low dose and gradually increasing it. Additionally, there is a rare but serious risk of lactic acidosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of lactic acid in the bloodstream, which can occur in patients with impaired kidney function. Therefore, regular monitoring of renal function is essential in patients taking biguanides.In conclusion, biguanides have emerged as a vital component in the management of type 2 diabetes. Their ability to control blood sugar levels while providing additional benefits for cardiovascular health makes them a popular choice among healthcare providers. As research continues to evolve, it is likely that the role of biguanides in diabetes treatment will expand even further, potentially leading to new formulations and combinations that enhance their efficacy and safety. For individuals living with diabetes, understanding the importance of biguanides can empower them to engage in informed discussions with their healthcare providers, ultimately leading to better health outcomes.

近年来，医学领域见证了各种药物类别在治疗糖尿病方面的显著增长。其中，一个被称为双胍类药物的类别因其有效性和独特的作用机制而备受关注。双胍类药物，主要以药物二甲双胍为代表，被广泛用于管理2型糖尿病患者的血糖水平。二甲双胍通过减少肝脏葡萄糖生成、增加胰岛素敏感性和增强外周葡萄糖摄取来发挥作用。这种多方面的作用不仅有助于控制血糖，还促进体重管理，使其成为许多患者的首选。双胍类药物的历史可以追溯到20世纪20年代，当时研究人员开始探索胍类衍生物的特性。最初，这些化合物是从法国紫丁香植物中提取的，该植物在传统草药中用于治疗糖尿病。然而，直到20世纪末，双胍类药物才正式引入临床实践。二甲双胍的引入彻底改变了糖尿病治疗，因为它提供了胰岛素治疗和其他口服降糖药物的替代方案。双胍类药物最引人注目的一个方面是它们改善糖尿病患者心血管结果的能力。大量研究表明，二甲双胍不仅降低血糖水平，还减少心脏病风险，这是糖尿病常见的并发症。这种双重益处使得双胍类药物成为糖尿病管理的基石，特别是对于超重或肥胖的患者。尽管有其优势，双胍类药物并非没有副作用。与二甲双胍使用相关的最常见不良反应是胃肠不适，包括恶心和腹泻。这些副作用通常导致治疗中断；然而，通过从低剂量开始并逐渐增加剂量，通常可以减轻这些副作用。此外，存在一种罕见但严重的乳酸酸中毒风险，这是一种由于血液中乳酸积聚而导致的状况，可能发生在肾功能受损的患者中。因此，定期监测肾功能对服用双胍类药物的患者至关重要。总之，双胍类药物已成为2型糖尿病管理的重要组成部分。它们控制血糖水平的能力，同时为心血管健康提供额外益处，使其成为医疗服务提供者的热门选择。随着研究的不断发展，双胍类药物在糖尿病治疗中的作用可能会进一步扩大，可能导致新配方和组合的出现，从而增强其疗效和安全性。对于生活在糖尿病中的个体来说，了解双胍类药物的重要性可以使他们能够与医疗服务提供者进行知情讨论，最终导致更好的健康结果。