telomerase

简明释义

英[tɛˈlɒməˌreɪz]美[teˈlɑːməˌreɪz]

n. 端粒酶（核糖体蛋白酶）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Telomerase is an enzyme that is produced only in cells that are actively dividing.

端粒酶是一种只在活跃分裂的细胞中产生的酶。

2.So far, one chemical appears to be key: telomerase.

到目前为止，端粒酶似乎是问题的关键。

3."Some people believed that telomerase wasn't that important," says the Whitehead's William Hahn, the study's lead author.

“一些人认为端粒酶并没有那么重要，”这项研究的首席作者，白首的威廉·哈恩说。

4.Blackburn and Greider discovered telomerase.

布莱克本又和格莱·德尔一起发现了端粒酶。

5.Objective: To study the changes of telomerase activity and telomere length.

目的：探讨肾癌组织端粒酶活性和端粒长度变化。

6.For example, some research suggests that cancer cells use telomerase to grow uncontrollably.

例如，一些科学研究表明，癌细胞利用端粒酶增长失控。

7.Telomerase is the enzyme that builds telomeres.

而端粒酶顾名思义，就是生成端粒的那种酶。

8.But, cell death is delayed if a lot of the enzyme telomerase is produced.

但是如果造出大量端粒酶的话，可以推迟细胞的死亡。

9.But if the telomerase enzyme is very active, telomere lengths are maintained and cells are kept young.

但是，如果端粒酶非常活跃的话，端粒的长度得以维持，而细胞则能保持年轻。

10.Studies have shown that increasing levels of telomerase 端粒酶 can potentially reverse some effects of aging.

研究表明，增加telomerase 端粒酶的水平可能会逆转一些衰老的影响。

11.In cancer cells, telomerase 端粒酶 is often activated, allowing them to divide indefinitely.

在癌细胞中，telomerase 端粒酶通常被激活，使它们能够无限分裂。

12.Researchers discovered that the enzyme telomerase 端粒酶 plays a crucial role in cellular aging.

研究人员发现，酶telomerase 端粒酶在细胞老化中起着至关重要的作用。

13.Therapies targeting telomerase 端粒酶 are being developed to treat various types of cancer.

针对telomerase 端粒酶的疗法正在开发，以治疗各种类型的癌症。

14.The role of telomerase 端粒酶 in stem cells is vital for their ability to regenerate tissues.

在干细胞中，telomerase 端粒酶的作用对于其再生组织的能力至关重要。

作文

Telomerase is an essential enzyme that plays a critical role in cellular biology. It is responsible for adding repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of chromosomes, known as telomeres. These telomeres protect the chromosome from deterioration or fusion with neighboring chromosomes. As cells divide, the telomeres shorten, which eventually leads to cellular aging and death. However, the presence of telomerase can counteract this shortening process by replenishing the telomeres, allowing cells to divide indefinitely. This characteristic is particularly important in stem cells and cancer cells. In normal somatic cells, the activity of telomerase is typically low or absent, which means that these cells can only divide a limited number of times before they enter senescence, a state of permanent growth arrest. This phenomenon is known as the Hayflick limit, named after the scientist Leonard Hayflick who discovered it. The limitation on cell division is crucial for preventing uncontrolled cell growth, which can lead to cancer. However, many cancer cells exhibit high levels of telomerase activity, enabling them to maintain their telomeres despite continuous division. This allows cancer cells to become immortal, evading the normal processes of aging and apoptosis (programmed cell death). The discovery of telomerase has led researchers to explore its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer treatment. By inhibiting telomerase, scientists hope to limit the ability of cancer cells to proliferate and ultimately induce their death. Furthermore, understanding the role of telomerase in aging has opened up new avenues in regenerative medicine. If we could manipulate telomerase activity in a controlled manner, it might be possible to enhance tissue regeneration and combat age-related diseases. For instance, researchers are investigating the use of telomerase activators to potentially reverse some aspects of aging or improve the health of aged tissues. Despite the promising prospects, the manipulation of telomerase is fraught with challenges and ethical considerations. Overactivation of telomerase could lead to increased cancer risk, as seen in many tumors where telomerase is abnormally active. Therefore, any therapeutic strategies involving telomerase must be approached with caution, ensuring that the benefits outweigh the risks. In conclusion, telomerase is a fascinating enzyme that holds the key to understanding both aging and cancer. Its ability to maintain telomere length presents exciting possibilities for medical advancements, but it also poses significant challenges. Ongoing research will continue to unravel the complexities of telomerase, aiming to harness its potential while mitigating the associated risks. As we deepen our understanding of this enzyme, we may find new ways to enhance human health and longevity, making telomerase a focal point in the fields of genetics, oncology, and regenerative medicine.

端粒酶是一个重要的酶，在细胞生物学中发挥着关键作用。它负责向染色体的末端添加重复的核苷酸序列，这些末端被称为端粒。这些端粒保护染色体免受退化或与邻近染色体融合。随着细胞分裂，端粒会缩短，这最终导致细胞老化和死亡。然而，端粒酶的存在可以抵消这一缩短过程，通过补充端粒，使细胞能够无限次分裂。这个特性在干细胞和癌细胞中特别重要。在正常的体细胞中，端粒酶的活性通常较低或缺失，这意味着这些细胞只能分裂有限的次数，然后进入衰老状态，即永久生长停滞。这种细胞分裂的限制对于防止不受控制的细胞生长至关重要，这可能导致癌症。然而，许多癌细胞表现出高水平的端粒酶活性，使它们能够在持续分裂的情况下维持端粒。这使得癌细胞变得不朽，逃避正常的衰老和程序性细胞死亡（凋亡）过程。端粒酶的发现使研究人员开始探索其作为癌症治疗的潜在治疗靶点。通过抑制端粒酶，科学家希望限制癌细胞的增殖能力，并最终诱导其死亡。此外，了解端粒酶在衰老中的作用为再生医学开辟了新的途径。如果我们能够以受控的方式操纵端粒酶的活性，可能就能增强组织再生能力并对抗与年龄相关的疾病。例如，研究人员正在研究使用端粒酶激活剂，以潜在地逆转衰老的一些方面或改善老化组织的健康。尽管前景令人鼓舞，但操纵端粒酶充满挑战和伦理考量。端粒酶的过度激活可能导致癌症风险增加，如许多肿瘤中观察到的那样，端粒酶异常活跃。因此，任何涉及端粒酶的治疗策略都必须谨慎进行，确保益处大于风险。总之，端粒酶是一个引人入胜的酶，掌握着理解衰老和癌症的关键。它维持端粒长度的能力为医学进步提供了令人兴奋的可能性，但也带来了显著的挑战。持续的研究将继续揭示端粒酶的复杂性，旨在利用其潜力，同时减轻相关风险。随着我们对这种酶的理解加深，我们可能会找到增强人类健康和长寿的新方法，使端粒酶成为遗传学、肿瘤学和再生医学领域的焦点。