virion

简明释义

英[ˈvaɪrɪən]美[ˈvaɪriˌɑːn]

n. [病毒] 病毒粒子，病毒体

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.VP7, the most conserved protein of the virion, is serogroup-specific antigen.

VP7蛋白在病毒的各蛋白中最保守，是病毒的血清群特异性抗原。

2.Expression pattern of trans-activated virion sense promoter was similar to that of complementary sense promoter with the high activity in both mesophyll and vascular of leaf vein.

其表达方式与互补链基因启动子相似，即在叶肉及叶脉维管组织均有较高的活性。

3.Expression pattern of trans-activated virion sense promoter was similar to that of complementary sense promoter with the high activity in both mesophyll and vascular of leaf vein.

其表达方式与互补链基因启动子相似，即在叶肉及叶脉维管组织均有较高的活性。

4.One important aspect of virus replication mechanisms is the way how virion assembly and budding from cell membrane.

对病毒复制机制研究的一个重要方面是病毒的组装和从细胞表面出芽。

5.Neuraminidase (NA) is an important protein on the surface of virion and plays an important role in immune and lethality.

神经氨酸酶（NA）是流感病毒表面的一种重要蛋白质，在免疫和致病方面起重要作用。

6.The virion 病毒粒子 can remain infectious outside the host for several hours.

该virion 病毒粒子可以在宿主外保持感染性数小时。

7.Researchers are analyzing the structure of the virion 病毒粒子 to develop better vaccines.

研究人员正在分析virion 病毒粒子的结构，以开发更好的疫苗。

8.In virology, a single virion 病毒粒子 is the complete virus particle that can infect a host cell.

在病毒学中，单个virion 病毒粒子是能够感染宿主细胞的完整病毒颗粒。

9.Scientists are working on ways to disrupt the lifecycle of the virion 病毒粒子 to prevent viral infections.

科学家们正在研究破坏virion 病毒粒子生命周期的方法，以防止病毒感染。

10.The study revealed that each virion 病毒粒子 contains genetic material surrounded by a protein coat.

研究表明，每个virion 病毒粒子都包含被蛋白质外壳包围的遗传物质。

作文

In the world of microbiology, understanding the structure and function of viruses is crucial for advancing our knowledge in health and disease. One of the key terms that often arises in this field is virion, which refers to a complete, infective form of a virus outside a host cell. A virion consists of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat known as a capsid. In some cases, the virion is also enveloped by a lipid membrane derived from the host cell, which can aid in its ability to infect other cells.The significance of the virion extends beyond its basic definition; it plays a pivotal role in the life cycle of viruses. When a virion enters a susceptible host, it can attach to specific receptors on the surface of the host cell. This attachment is often mediated by proteins on the virion surface, which recognize and bind to the host cell receptors. Once attached, the virion can enter the cell, releasing its genetic material into the host's cellular machinery. This process initiates an infection, leading to the replication of new virions and the eventual spread of the virus.Moreover, studying virions helps scientists develop vaccines and antiviral therapies. By understanding the structure of a virion, researchers can identify potential targets for drugs that inhibit the virus's ability to replicate or enter host cells. For example, the development of vaccines often involves using an inactivated or attenuated form of a virion to stimulate the immune system. This allows the body to recognize and combat the virus if exposed in the future.In addition, the characteristics of different virions can vary significantly among viruses. Some virions are simple and consist only of the essential components needed for infection, while others may have complex structures with additional proteins that assist in evading the host's immune response. For instance, the influenza virus has a segmented RNA genome and a lipid envelope that contains proteins crucial for its infectivity and pathogenicity. Understanding these differences is vital for developing targeted treatments and preventive measures against various viral infections.Furthermore, the study of virions is not limited to human health; it also extends to agriculture and ecology. Many plants and animals are susceptible to viral infections, and the impact of these infections can be devastating. For example, the tobacco mosaic virus is a well-known plant virus that affects crops, leading to significant economic losses. By studying the virion of such viruses, scientists can devise strategies to protect crops and maintain food security.In conclusion, the term virion is fundamental in virology, encapsulating the essence of what a virus is when it exists outside a host. Its structure and function are critical for understanding how viruses infect hosts, how to combat viral diseases, and how to protect agricultural systems. As research continues to evolve, the knowledge surrounding virions will undoubtedly contribute to advancements in medicine, public health, and environmental science. The ongoing exploration of virions will lead to more effective strategies for preventing and treating viral infections, ultimately improving the health and well-being of populations worldwide.

在微生物学的世界中，理解病毒的结构和功能对于推进我们对健康和疾病的认识至关重要。这个领域中经常出现的一个关键术语是virion，它指的是病毒在宿主细胞外的完整感染形式。virion由遗传物质（DNA或RNA）组成，周围包裹着一种称为蛋白质外壳的结构，称为囊膜。在某些情况下，virion还被宿主细胞衍生的脂质膜包围，这可以帮助其感染其他细胞。virion的重要性不仅仅体现在其基本定义上；它在病毒的生命周期中发挥着关键作用。当virion进入易感宿主时，它可以附着在宿主细胞表面的特定受体上。这种附着通常由virion表面的蛋白质介导，这些蛋白质识别并结合宿主细胞受体。一旦附着，virion就可以进入细胞，将其遗传物质释放到宿主的细胞机制中。这个过程启动了感染，导致新的virion的复制以及病毒的最终传播。此外，研究virion有助于科学家开发疫苗和抗病毒疗法。通过理解virion的结构，研究人员可以识别潜在的药物靶点，以抑制病毒的复制或进入宿主细胞的能力。例如，疫苗的开发通常涉及使用灭活或减毒形式的virion来刺激免疫系统。这使得身体能够在未来遭遇病毒时识别和抵抗它。此外，不同virion的特征在病毒之间可能有显著差异。有些virion结构简单，仅包含感染所需的基本组件，而其他一些则可能具有复杂的结构，具有额外的蛋白质，有助于逃避宿主的免疫反应。例如，流感病毒具有分段RNA基因组和脂质包膜，其中含有对其感染性和致病性至关重要的蛋白质。理解这些差异对于开发针对各种病毒感染的靶向治疗和预防措施至关重要。此外，virion的研究不仅限于人类健康；它还扩展到农业和生态学。许多植物和动物都容易受到病毒感染，这些感染的影响可能是毁灭性的。例如，烟草花叶病毒是一种众所周知的植物病毒，影响作物，导致重大经济损失。通过研究这些病毒的virion，科学家可以设计保护作物和维护粮食安全的策略。总之，术语virion在病毒学中是基础的，概括了病毒在宿主外存在时的本质。它的结构和功能对于理解病毒如何感染宿主、如何对抗病毒疾病以及如何保护农业系统至关重要。随着研究的不断发展，围绕virion的知识无疑将有助于医学、公共卫生和环境科学的进步。对virion的持续探索将导致更有效的预防和治疗病毒感染的策略，最终改善全球人口的健康和福祉。