solvolysis

简明释义

英[sɒlˈvɒlɪsɪs]美[sɑːlˈvɑːləsɪs]

n. [化学] 溶剂分解；溶剂分解作用

复 数 s o l v o l y s e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.These react with the filler surface via solvolysis generating an alcohol by-product.

这些钛酸酯是通过溶剂分解与填料表面发生反应的，还产生副产物醇。

2.These react with the filler surface via solvolysis generating an alcohol by-product.

这些钛酸酯是通过溶剂分解与填料表面发生反应的，还产生副产物醇。

3.Solvolysis is one of the important processes of biomass liquefaction.

溶剂溶解技术是生物质液化的重要过程之一。

4.The solvolysis of esters can lead to the formation of acids and alcohols, which are important in various industrial applications.

酯的溶解水解可以导致酸和醇的形成，这在各种工业应用中非常重要。

5.In the laboratory, we often study solvolysis reactions to understand how different solvents affect reaction rates.

在实验室中，我们经常研究溶解水解反应，以了解不同溶剂如何影响反应速率。

6.Understanding solvolysis is essential for chemists who want to manipulate chemical reactions effectively.

了解溶解水解对想要有效操控化学反应的化学家至关重要。

7.The process of solvolysis involves the breaking down of compounds in a solvent, which is crucial in organic chemistry.

溶解水解的过程涉及在溶剂中分解化合物，这在有机化学中至关重要。

8.The rate of solvolysis can be influenced by temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solvent used.

温度、压力和所用溶剂的性质都可以影响溶解水解的速率。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, understanding various reaction mechanisms is crucial for both academic study and practical applications. One such mechanism that plays a significant role in organic chemistry is solvolysis. This term refers to the process in which a solute reacts with a solvent, leading to the breakdown of the solute molecules into simpler components. The importance of solvolysis cannot be overstated, as it is fundamental to many chemical reactions, including those involved in pharmaceuticals, environmental chemistry, and industrial processes.To elaborate further, solvolysis can be categorized into two main types: nucleophilic solvolysis and electrophilic solvolysis. Nucleophilic solvolysis occurs when the solvent acts as a nucleophile, attacking an electrophilic carbon atom in the solute, leading to the formation of new bonds. A common example of this is the hydrolysis of alkyl halides, where water acts as the solvent and nucleophile, resulting in the formation of alcohols and halide ions. This reaction is not only important for understanding fundamental organic chemistry but also has practical implications in the synthesis of various organic compounds.On the other hand, electrophilic solvolysis involves the solvent acting as an electrophile, which is less common but still significant in certain contexts. In this case, the solvent donates a proton to the solute, facilitating the reaction. An example of this can be seen in the reaction of alcohols with strong acids, where the alcohol is protonated before undergoing further reactions.The rate of solvolysis reactions can be influenced by several factors, including the nature of the solvent, temperature, and the structure of the solute. For instance, polar protic solvents tend to stabilize transition states and intermediates, thus increasing the rate of solvolysis. Conversely, non-polar solvents may slow down the reaction due to their inability to stabilize charged species effectively.Moreover, the concept of solvolysis extends beyond simple reactions; it also plays a critical role in understanding the behavior of biomolecules in biological systems. Enzymatic reactions often involve solvolysis mechanisms, where substrates are converted into products through interactions with water or other solvent molecules. This highlights the relevance of solvolysis not just in synthetic chemistry, but also in biochemistry and pharmacology.In conclusion, solvolysis is a vital concept in chemistry that encompasses a range of reactions where solutes interact with solvents. Its implications stretch across various fields, including organic synthesis, environmental science, and biological processes. Understanding solvolysis allows chemists to predict reaction outcomes, design new experiments, and develop innovative solutions to complex problems. As we continue to explore the intricacies of chemical reactions, the significance of solvolysis will undoubtedly remain a focal point in the study of chemistry, emphasizing the interconnectedness of different scientific disciplines.

溶解反应是化学领域中一个重要的反应机制，它指的是溶质与溶剂反应，导致溶质分子分解为更简单的成分。溶解反应在有机化学中的重要性不容小觑，因为它是许多化学反应的基础，包括药物、环境化学和工业过程中的反应。