lyase

简明释义

英[ˈlaɪeɪz]美[ˈlaɪˌeɪs]

n. [生化] 裂解酶；[生化] 裂合酶

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The course of salting-out the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL) in Ginkgobiloba leaves was studied.

用固体加入法研究了银杏叶苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）的盐析过程。

2.The biotransformation of trans-cinnamic acid to L-phenylalanine by using phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) has, therefore, become very important in the research and development of this field.

苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)生物转化肉桂酸生产L苯丙氨酸成了该领域研究与开发的热点。

3.When HCA inhibits citrate lyase, the fat-making process is halted.

当HCA抑制柠檬酸裂解酶，脂肪生成过程停止。

4.Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is distributed mainly in the peels, and activity of the enzymes decreased very obviously with the increase of fruit ripeness.

苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）主要分布在果皮中，并随着果实成熟度的提高，其活性呈极显著下降趋势。感病果实的果皮中三种酶活性均比健康果皮高。

5.Adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) is a bifunctional enzyme catalyzing denovo purine synthesis and purine nucleotide recycling.

腺苷酸琥珀酸裂解酶(ADSL)是催化嘌呤核苷酸的从头合成与嘌呤核苷酸循环的双功能酶。

6.It was also found recently that the pectate lyase could be used for the purification of plant virus, bleaching of paper pulp and the bio-refining of textiles etc.

近年来又发现了果胶酸裂解酶还可用于植物病毒的纯化、纸浆漂白和以纺织品的生物精炼等。

7.The role of lyase 裂解酶 in biosynthesis is essential for producing various biomolecules.

在生物合成中，lyase 裂解酶的作用对产生各种生物分子至关重要。

8.The enzyme class known as lyase 裂解酶 is crucial for breaking down complex molecules.

被称为lyase 裂解酶的酶类对于分解复杂分子至关重要。

9.Researchers found that certain lyases 裂解酶 can facilitate the breakdown of toxins in the environment.

研究人员发现，某些lyases 裂解酶可以促进环境中毒素的分解。

10.In metabolic pathways, lyases 裂解酶 help in the conversion of substrates into products without hydrolysis.

在代谢途径中，lyases 裂解酶 帮助将底物转化为产品而不进行水解。

11.During the reaction, the lyase 裂解酶 catalyzes the removal of a group from a substrate.

在反应过程中，lyase 裂解酶催化从底物中去除一个基团。

作文

In the realm of biochemistry, enzymes play a crucial role in facilitating various biochemical reactions. Among these enzymes, one particularly interesting category is known as lyase, which are responsible for breaking chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis and oxidation. A lyase can be defined as an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of a molecule into two parts without the addition of water. This unique function sets lyases apart from other types of enzymes like hydrolases and oxidoreductases, which utilize water and oxidation-reduction reactions, respectively.The significance of lyases in biological processes cannot be overstated. They are involved in various metabolic pathways, including the breakdown of amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. For example, the enzyme fumarase is a well-known lyase that participates in the citric acid cycle by catalyzing the reversible hydration of fumarate to malate. This reaction is essential for energy production in aerobic organisms.Moreover, lyases are not only vital for metabolism but also play a critical role in biosynthetic pathways. They help in the formation of double bonds in molecules, which is crucial for the synthesis of many biomolecules. One notable example is the enzyme aldolase, which is a type of lyase that facilitates the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. This reaction is fundamental in the synthesis of sugars and other important metabolites.In addition to their biological importance, lyases have significant implications in biotechnology and medicine. Their ability to catalyze specific reactions makes them valuable tools in the laboratory. Researchers harness the power of lyases for various applications, such as in the production of pharmaceuticals and biofuels. By understanding how these enzymes work, scientists can design more efficient processes for drug synthesis or develop new methods for renewable energy production.Furthermore, the study of lyases has led to advancements in enzyme engineering. Through techniques such as directed evolution and rational design, researchers can modify these enzymes to enhance their activity or specificity for particular substrates. This has opened up new avenues for industrial applications, where customized lyases can be used to improve the efficiency of chemical reactions in manufacturing processes.Despite their importance, there are still many aspects of lyases that remain to be explored. Ongoing research aims to uncover the intricate mechanisms by which these enzymes operate and their regulatory roles in cellular functions. As we deepen our understanding of lyases, we may discover new ways to manipulate these enzymes for therapeutic purposes, potentially leading to breakthroughs in treating diseases related to metabolic dysfunctions.In conclusion, lyases are a fascinating group of enzymes that play essential roles in both metabolism and biosynthesis. Their unique ability to cleave bonds without the addition of water distinguishes them from other enzymes and highlights their importance in various biochemical pathways. As research continues to advance, the potential applications of lyases in biotechnology and medicine will likely expand, making them a subject of great interest for scientists and researchers alike.

在生物化学领域，酶在促进各种生化反应中发挥着至关重要的作用。在这些酶中，有一种特别有趣的类别被称为裂合酶，它们负责通过非水解和氧化的方式断裂化学键。裂合酶可以定义为催化分子在不添加水的情况下裂解为两部分的酶。这种独特的功能使得裂合酶与其他类型的酶（如水解酶和氧化还原酶）区别开来，后者分别利用水和氧化还原反应。裂合酶在生物过程中的重要性不可低估。它们参与多种代谢途径，包括氨基酸、碳水化合物和脂质的分解。例如，富马酸酶是一种著名的裂合酶，它通过催化富马酸转化为苹果酸，参与柠檬酸循环。这个反应对于有氧生物的能量生产至关重要。此外，裂合酶不仅对代谢至关重要，还在生物合成途径中发挥关键作用。它们帮助分子中双键的形成，这对许多生物分子的合成至关重要。一个显著的例子是醛缩酶，它是一种裂合酶，促进碳-碳键的形成。这个反应在糖类和其他重要代谢物的合成中是基础性的。除了其生物学重要性外，裂合酶在生物技术和医学中也具有重要意义。它们催化特定反应的能力使它们成为实验室中宝贵的工具。研究人员利用裂合酶的力量进行各种应用，例如在药物和生物燃料的生产中。通过了解这些酶的工作原理，科学家可以设计更高效的药物合成过程或开发新的可再生能源生产方法。此外，裂合酶的研究推动了酶工程的发展。通过定向进化和理性设计等技术，研究人员可以修改这些酶以增强其对特定底物的活性或特异性。这为工业应用开辟了新的途径，在这些应用中，定制的裂合酶可以用于提高制造过程中化学反应的效率。尽管它们的重要性，但仍然有许多关于裂合酶的方面有待探索。持续的研究旨在揭示这些酶运作的复杂机制及其在细胞功能中的调控作用。随着我们对裂合酶理解的加深，我们可能会发现操纵这些酶用于治疗目的的新方法，从而可能导致针对代谢功能障碍相关疾病的突破。总之，裂合酶是一组迷人的酶，在代谢和生物合成中发挥着重要作用。它们在不添加水的情况下断裂键的独特能力使它们与其他酶区别开来，并突显了它们在各种生化途径中的重要性。随着研究的不断推进，裂合酶在生物技术和医学中的潜在应用可能会扩展，使它们成为科学家和研究人员关注的主题。