homolog

简明释义

英[ˈhɒməˌlɒɡ]美[ˈhɑːməlɔːɡ]

n. 相当或相同的事物；相同器官；同族体

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Elevated levels of GLI1 (glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1) protein in human breast cancer are associated with unfavorable prognosis and progressive stages of disease.

乳腺癌内GLI1(胶质瘤相关癌基因同源1)蛋白的升高与患者预后不良和疾病分期相关。

2.Expression of the immunosuppressive protein B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1), also known as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), is increased in many pathological conditions, including cancer.

免疫抑制蛋白B7同系物1（B7-H1），亦称程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）在包括癌症等许多病变中表达增高。

3.When we blocked the function of the ABCC9 homolog in the fly nervous system, the duration of nocturnal sleep was shortened.

当我们阻碍了果蝇神经系统中类似ABCC9的同种基因发挥作用时，果蝇的夜间睡眠时间就缩短了。

4.Expression of the immunosuppressive protein B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1), also known as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), is increased in many pathological conditions, including cancer.

免疫抑制蛋白B7同系物1（B7-H1），亦称程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）在包括癌症等许多病变中表达增高。

5.In genetics, a gene that is similar in structure and function to another is referred to as a homolog.

在遗传学中，结构和功能相似的基因被称为同源基因。

6.In molecular biology, identifying a homolog can help trace the lineage of a gene.

在分子生物学中，识别一个同源物可以帮助追踪基因的谱系。

7.During evolution, many species develop homolog structures that serve different functions.

在进化过程中，许多物种发展出具有不同功能的同源结构。

8.The study focused on the homolog genes across various species to understand evolutionary relationships.

该研究集中在不同物种之间的同源基因上，以理解进化关系。

9.The researchers identified a homolog of the protein in humans that is found in mice.

研究人员发现了在小鼠中存在的与人类蛋白质的同源物。

作文

In the field of biology, the term homolog refers to genes or proteins that share a common ancestry, indicating that they have evolved from a common ancestor. Understanding the concept of homolog is crucial for researchers who study evolutionary biology and genetics. For instance, when scientists analyze the genetic sequences of different species, they often look for homolog genes to trace evolutionary relationships and understand how certain traits have been inherited over time.One classic example of homolog genes can be found in the study of vertebrates. The forelimbs of humans, birds, whales, and bats all serve different functions—grasping, flying, swimming, and also flying, respectively—but they share a common structural framework. This anatomical similarity indicates that these limbs are homologous structures, derived from a common ancestral limb. By studying these homologous structures, scientists can gain insights into the evolutionary processes that lead to the diversity of life forms we see today.Moreover, the concept of homolog is not limited to physical structures; it extends to molecular biology as well. For example, two proteins that perform similar functions in different organisms may be considered homolog proteins if they originated from a common ancestral protein. This knowledge is essential for fields such as biotechnology and medicine, where understanding the function of homolog proteins can lead to advancements in drug development and therapeutic interventions.In addition to its significance in biology, the term homolog also appears in other scientific disciplines, including mathematics and chemistry. In mathematics, homolog can refer to a type of equivalence relation that helps classify algebraic structures. In chemistry, it can describe compounds that share a similar structure but differ by a repeating unit, such as in homologous series of organic compounds. The interdisciplinary nature of the term homolog underscores its importance across various fields of study. Scholars and students alike must grasp the implications of homolog relationships to fully appreciate the interconnectedness of life and the principles that govern biological systems.In conclusion, the term homolog encapsulates a fundamental concept that bridges various scientific disciplines. Whether in the context of evolutionary biology, molecular genetics, mathematics, or chemistry, understanding homolog relationships allows us to explore the intricacies of life and the universe. As our knowledge expands, the role of homolog will continue to be pivotal in unlocking the mysteries of biological diversity and complexity.

在生物学领域，术语homolog指的是共享共同祖先的基因或蛋白质，这表明它们是从共同祖先进化而来的。理解homolog的概念对于研究进化生物学和遗传学的研究人员至关重要。例如，当科学家分析不同物种的基因序列时，他们经常寻找homolog基因，以追踪进化关系并理解某些特征是如何随着时间的推移被继承的。一个经典的homolog基因的例子可以在脊椎动物的研究中找到。人类、鸟类、鲸鱼和蝙蝠的前肢各自具有不同的功能——抓握、飞行、游泳和同样的飞行，但它们共享一个共同的结构框架。这种解剖学上的相似性表明这些肢体是homolog结构，源自一个共同的祖先肢体。通过研究这些homolog结构，科学家可以深入了解导致我们今天所见生命形式多样性的进化过程。此外，homolog的概念不仅限于物理结构；它还扩展到分子生物学中。例如，如果两个在不同生物体中执行类似功能的蛋白质源自一个共同的祖先蛋白质，则可以认为它们是homolog蛋白质。这一知识对于生物技术和医学等领域至关重要，因为理解homolog蛋白质的功能可以推动药物开发和治疗干预的进展。除了在生物学中的重要性，术语homolog还出现在其他科学学科中，包括数学和化学。在数学中，homolog可以指一种帮助分类代数结构的等价关系。在化学中，它可以描述共享相似结构但因重复单元而不同的化合物，例如有机化合物的同系物系列。这一术语的跨学科性质突显了其在各种研究领域中的重要性。学者和学生都必须掌握homolog关系的含义，以充分理解生命的相互联系以及支配生物系统的原则。总之，术语homolog概括了一个基本概念，连接了各种科学学科。无论是在进化生物学、分子遗传学、数学还是化学的背景下，理解homolog关系使我们能够探索生命和宇宙的复杂性。随着我们的知识不断扩展，homolog在揭示生物多样性和复杂性的奥秘中将继续发挥关键作用。