monophyletic

简明释义

英[ˌmɒnəʊfaɪˈletɪk]美[ˌmɑːnoʊfaɪˈletɪk]

adj. [遗] 单源的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The current Oxyinae is not a monophyletic group, and should be a polyphyletic group.

现行的稻蝗亚科并非一单系群，而是一多系群。

2.Several monophyletic clades of seed plants, namely eudicots, rosids, and asterids, were supported by molecular data with their united morphological synapomorphies.

根据分子数据结合形态上近裔共性，若干分支的单系性得到支持，这些分支包括真双子叶植物、蔷薇分支和菊分支等。

3.The phylogenetic reconstruction supported Delphinidae and Phocoenidae respective monophyletic groups, and proposed a sister relationship between these two families.

系统重建分析支持海豚科和鼠豚科为单系发生，且两者构成姐妹群关系；

4.Osteichthyes the formerly recognized class Osteichthyes is not a monophyletic group. It now has the status of a vernacular to include the fish-like Sarcopterygii and the actinopterygians.

硬骨鱼系先前公认的硬骨鱼系的层级不是一个单源的群。它现在有专门的地位，包括像鱼一样的肉鳍次亚纲与条鳍次亚纲。

5.Samples of each of these five species formed highly supported monophyletic groups and had long genetic distance between iv them.

结果显示五个种类的样本在系群演化树中各自形成具高度支持的单系群，且种间彼此区隔以偏高的遗传距离。

6.Several monophyletic clades of seed plants, namely eudicots, core eudicots, rosids, and asterids, were supported by molecular data with their united morphological synapomorphies.

根据分子数据结合形态上近裔共性，若干分支的单系性得到支持，这些分支包括真双子叶植物、核心真双子叶植物、蔷薇分支和菊分支等。

7.Monophyletic compound glutaraldehyde disinfectant needs no activation and addition of corrosion inhibitor during use.

一元复方戊二醛消毒剂使用时不需要活化和另加入缓蚀剂。

8.Conclusions: The monophyletic compound glutaraldehyde disinfectant has good stability and high efficacy in killing vegetative forms of bacteria, mycobacterium and bacterial spores.

结论，一元复方戊二醛消毒剂稳定性良好，对细菌繁殖体、分枝杆菌和细菌芽孢杀灭作用较强。

9.Osteichthyes the formerly recognized class Osteichthyes is not a monophyletic group. It now has the status of a vernacular to include the fish-like Sarcopterygii and the actinopterygians.

硬骨鱼系先前公认的硬骨鱼系的层级不是一个单源的群。它现在有专门的地位，包括像鱼一样的肉鳍次亚纲与条鳍次亚纲。

10.Objective To know the germicidal property of monophyletic preparation of solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant.

目的了解一元制剂固体二氧化氯消毒剂的杀菌性能。

11.The birds are considered a monophyletic group as they all descended from a common ancestor.

鸟类被认为是一个monophyletic 群体，因为它们都来自一个共同的祖先。

12.A monophyletic clade can be identified by shared derived characteristics.

通过共享的衍生特征，可以识别出一个monophyletic 支系。

13.To be classified as monophyletic, a group must include all descendants of the most recent common ancestor.

要被归类为monophyletic，一个群体必须包括最近共同祖先的所有后代。

14.In phylogenetics, a monophyletic group is often preferred for classification because it accurately reflects evolutionary relationships.

在系统发育学中，monophyletic 群体通常被优先用于分类，因为它准确反映了进化关系。

15.The term monophyletic refers to a group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all its descendants.

术语monophyletic指的是一个包含祖先及其所有后代的生物群体。

作文

The concept of evolutionary biology is rich with terms that help us understand the relationships between various organisms. One such term is monophyletic, which refers to a group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all of its descendants. This idea is crucial for constructing phylogenetic trees, which are diagrams that depict the evolutionary relationships among species. A monophyletic group is often considered the most natural way to classify life forms because it reflects true evolutionary history. In contrast, there are other classifications such as paraphyletic and polyphyletic groups. A paraphyletic group includes an ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants, while a polyphyletic group consists of organisms that do not share a recent common ancestor. Understanding these classifications is essential for biologists, as they provide insights into the evolutionary processes that shape biodiversity. For example, consider the class Reptilia. Traditionally, reptiles were classified as a monophyletic group, but modern genetic studies have revealed that birds are actually descended from certain theropod dinosaurs. This finding suggests that if we were to include birds in our classification, Reptilia would no longer be a monophyletic group, as it would exclude mammals, which also share a common ancestor with reptiles. Thus, the definition of monophyletic has significant implications for how we perceive the tree of life.The importance of identifying monophyletic groups extends beyond academic discussions. Conservation efforts often rely on understanding evolutionary relationships. When prioritizing species for conservation, scientists aim to protect monophyletic groups because preserving these lineages helps maintain the genetic diversity that is vital for the resilience of ecosystems. For instance, if a monophyletic group of amphibians is threatened, conserving their habitat not only protects those specific species but also ensures the survival of their evolutionary lineage.Furthermore, the study of monophyletic groups can lead to discoveries about human health and medicine. Many medicinal compounds are derived from plants and animals that belong to specific monophyletic lineages. By understanding these relationships, researchers can identify potential sources of new drugs or treatments. For instance, the discovery of the cancer-fighting properties of certain plants often involves studying monophyletic groups to find common chemical compounds that may have therapeutic effects.In conclusion, the term monophyletic is more than just a label; it encapsulates a fundamental principle of biological classification that reflects the intricate web of life on Earth. By recognizing and studying monophyletic groups, we can gain deeper insights into evolution, conserve biodiversity, and even advance medical research. As our understanding of genetics and evolutionary relationships continues to evolve, the significance of monophyletic classifications will undoubtedly remain a cornerstone of biological sciences.

进化生物学的概念充满了帮助我们理解各种生物之间关系的术语。其中一个术语是单系群，它指的是一个包括一个祖先及其所有后代的生物群体。这个想法对于构建系统发育树至关重要，系统发育树是描绘物种之间进化关系的图表。单系群通常被认为是分类生命形式的最自然方式，因为它反映了真实的进化历史。相反，还有其他分类，如并系群和多系群。并系群包括一个祖先及其某些后代，但不包括所有后代，而多系群则由不共享最近共同祖先的生物组成。理解这些分类对生物学家至关重要，因为它们提供了关于塑造生物多样性的进化过程的见解。例如，考虑爬行动物类。传统上，爬行动物被分类为一个单系群，但现代遗传研究揭示出鸟类实际上是某些兽脚类恐龙的后代。这一发现表明，如果我们将鸟类纳入分类中，那么爬行动物类就不再是一个单系群，因为它将排除哺乳动物，而哺乳动物与爬行动物也共享一个共同祖先。因此，单系群的定义对我们如何看待生命之树具有重要影响。识别单系群的群体的重要性超越了学术讨论。保护工作往往依赖于理解进化关系。在优先考虑物种保护时，科学家们旨在保护单系群，因为保护这些谱系有助于维持生态系统所需的遗传多样性。例如，如果一个单系群的两栖动物受到威胁，保护它们的栖息地不仅能保护这些特定物种，还能确保其进化谱系的生存。此外，研究单系群可以导致关于人类健康和医学的发现。许多药用化合物来源于特定单系群中的植物和动物。通过理解这些关系，研究人员可以识别潜在的新药物或治疗来源。例如，某些植物的抗癌特性发现通常涉及研究单系群以寻找可能具有治疗效果的共同化合物。总之，单系群这个术语不仅仅是一个标签；它概括了生物分类的一个基本原则，反映了地球上生命错综复杂的网络。通过识别和研究单系群，我们可以深入洞察进化、保护生物多样性，甚至推动医学研究。随着我们对遗传学和进化关系的理解不断发展，单系群分类的重要性无疑将继续成为生物科学的基石。