dirigisme

简明释义

英[ˈdɪrɪʒɪzəm]美[ˈdɪrɪʒɪzəm]

n. 政府对国民经济、社会的控制

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.On industrial policy he remains wedded to dirigisme.

在产业政策方面，他仍然致力于国家干预。

2.Less easy to shake off are the scheming and dirigisme.

不容易摆脱的就是暗中操控与干预。

3.Less easy to shake off are the scheming and dirigisme.

不容易摆脱的就是暗中操控与干预。

4.The success of the post-war economy in Japan was attributed to a form of dirigisme.

日本战后经济的成功被归因于一种形式的干预主义。

5.The government adopted a policy of dirigisme to control the economy during the crisis.

政府在危机期间采取了干预主义政策来控制经济。

6.Critics of dirigisme believe it leads to inefficiencies in resource allocation.

批评干预主义的人认为它会导致资源配置的低效。

7.Many argue that dirigisme stifles innovation by limiting free market competition.

许多人认为干预主义通过限制自由市场竞争来扼杀创新。

8.In France, the historical context of dirigisme has shaped its economic policies significantly.

在法国，干预主义的历史背景对其经济政策产生了重大影响。

作文

In the realm of economic theory, the term dirigisme refers to an economic system where the state exerts a strong directive influence over the economy. This concept originated in France and has been a significant aspect of its economic policy since the mid-20th century. The essence of dirigisme lies in the belief that government intervention is necessary to promote economic growth and stability. Unlike laissez-faire capitalism, where the market operates with minimal government interference, dirigisme advocates for a proactive role of the state in guiding economic activity.One of the primary reasons for adopting dirigisme is the recognition that markets can fail. In situations where private enterprises are unable or unwilling to invest in essential sectors, the government steps in to fill the gap. This approach was particularly evident during the post-World War II reconstruction period in France, where the government played a pivotal role in revitalizing the economy through substantial investments in infrastructure and key industries.Moreover, dirigisme often involves strategic planning and coordination among various sectors of the economy. The government may create policies that encourage collaboration between public and private entities, ensuring that resources are allocated efficiently. For instance, in sectors such as transportation, energy, and telecommunications, the state often takes the lead in developing frameworks that guide private investment. This not only helps in achieving national objectives but also fosters innovation and competitiveness.Critics of dirigisme argue that excessive government control can stifle entrepreneurship and lead to inefficiencies. They contend that when the state dictates economic activities, it may result in a lack of competition, reduced incentives for innovation, and bureaucratic red tape. However, proponents believe that a balanced approach, where the government supports but does not completely dominate the market, can yield favorable outcomes.In recent years, the debate around dirigisme has gained renewed attention, especially in the context of globalization and technological advancements. As economies become increasingly interconnected, the role of the state in regulating markets and protecting national interests has become more complex. For example, issues related to data privacy, environmental regulations, and labor rights have prompted governments to adopt a more interventionist stance, reflecting the principles of dirigisme.Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted the importance of government intervention in times of crisis. Many countries adopted measures reminiscent of dirigisme, such as implementing stimulus packages, supporting struggling industries, and ensuring access to healthcare. This has led to discussions about the future of economic governance and the potential need for a more robust role of the state in managing economic challenges.In conclusion, dirigisme represents a distinct approach to economic management, emphasizing the necessity of government intervention in fostering growth and stability. While it faces criticism for potentially undermining market dynamics, its relevance in contemporary economic discussions cannot be overlooked. As nations navigate the complexities of modern economies, the principles of dirigisme may offer valuable insights into balancing state involvement and market freedom, ultimately shaping the future of economic policy.

在经济理论领域，术语dirigisme指的是一种经济系统，其中国家对经济施加强有力的指导影响。这个概念起源于法国，自20世纪中叶以来一直是其经济政策的重要组成部分。dirigisme的本质在于相信政府干预对于促进经济增长和稳定是必要的。与放任自流的资本主义不同，在这种情况下市场以最小的政府干预运作，dirigisme主张国家在引导经济活动中发挥积极作用。采用dirigisme的主要原因之一是认识到市场可能会失败。在私营企业无法或不愿意投资于重要部门的情况下，政府介入填补空白。这种方法在二战后法国重建期间尤为明显，当时政府通过对基础设施和关键产业的重大投资在振兴经济方面发挥了关键作用。此外，dirigisme通常涉及经济各个部门之间的战略规划和协调。政府可能会制定鼓励公共和私营实体之间合作的政策，确保资源得到有效分配。例如，在交通、能源和电信等行业，国家通常在制定指导私营投资的框架方面发挥主导作用。这不仅有助于实现国家目标，还促进了创新和竞争力。批评者认为，过度的政府控制可能会抑制创业精神并导致低效。他们认为，当国家主导经济活动时，可能导致竞争缺乏、创新激励减少以及官僚主义的繁琐。然而，支持者认为，一种平衡的方法，即政府支持但不完全主导市场，可以产生良好的结果。近年来，围绕dirigisme的辩论重新引起关注，尤其是在全球化和技术进步的背景下。随着经济日益相互关联，国家在规范市场和保护国家利益方面的角色变得更加复杂。例如，数据隐私、环境法规和劳动权利等问题促使政府采取更具干预性的立场，反映出dirigisme的原则。此外，COVID-19大流行进一步突显了在危机时期政府干预的重要性。许多国家采取了类似于dirigisme的措施，例如实施刺激计划、支持陷入困境的行业以及确保获得医疗保健。这引发了关于经济治理未来的讨论，以及国家在管理经济挑战方面可能需要更强有力作用的潜在需求。总之，dirigisme代表了一种独特的经济管理方法，强调政府干预在促进增长和稳定中的必要性。尽管它因可能削弱市场动态而受到批评，但其在当代经济讨论中的相关性不容忽视。随着各国应对现代经济的复杂性，dirigisme的原则可能为平衡国家参与和市场自由提供宝贵的见解，最终塑造经济政策的未来。