retroactivity

简明释义

英[retrəʊækˈtɪvɪti]美[ˌretroækˈtɪvɪti]

n. 追溯既往；追溯效力

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.When we deal with the retroactivity of the civil law, we should also consider the res judicata of the judicial decision and the integrity of the whole legal system.

在处理民事法律溯及力问题时，必须考虑司法判决的既判力和整个的民事法律体系。

2.In United States, scholars have proposed rational retroactivity and balancing test.

在美国学界，学者们提出了理性溯及模式和平衡性测量规则模式。

3.However, it is actually the law itself, not the PSC's interpretation, has the authority to specify the retroactivity of the law.

但法律是否具有溯及力应由法律本身作出明确规定，不能由司法解释来决定。

4.The retroactivity of administrative act is limited to the executive force.

行政行为的追溯力仅限于执行力。

5.The retroactivity of construction of law refers to if the new construction of law can apply to the past event and behaviour.

法律解释的溯及力是指新的法律解释颁布后对其颁布前的事件和行为是否适用的问题。

6.Whether or not the nearly-revised "Marriage Law" has retroactivity plays a decisive role in the judgement of the related cases.

新修订的《婚姻法》是否具有溯及力问题直接影响到有关案件的处理结果。

7.In judicial practice, although retroactivity of criminal law is easily grasped, there still exist some difficult problems in dispute, which need further discussing.

在司法实践中，虽然对刑法的溯及力问题一般比较容易把握，但也存在一些有争议的疑难问题，需作进一步探讨。

8.When we deal with the retroactivity of the civil law, we should also consider the res judicata of the judicial decision and the integrity of the whole legal system.

在处理民事法律溯及力问题时，必须考虑司法判决的既判力和整个的民事法律体系。

9.The new tax law has a provision for retroactivity, meaning it applies to income earned from the beginning of the year.

新税法有一项关于追溯力的规定，这意味着它适用于从年初开始获得的收入。

10.Some benefits will be granted with retroactivity to ensure that no one is left behind.

一些福利将以追溯力的方式给予，以确保没有人被落下。

11.The court ruled that the law could not be applied with retroactivity to avoid unfair treatment.

法院裁定该法律不能以追溯力适用，以避免不公正的对待。

12.The government announced that the changes would take effect immediately but would not have retroactivity.

政府宣布这些变化将立即生效，但不会具有追溯力。

13.Many employees were surprised by the retroactivity of the salary increase, which was effective from last July.

许多员工对薪资增长的追溯力感到惊讶，该增长自去年七月起生效。

作文

The concept of retroactivity is often discussed in legal contexts, where it refers to the application of a new law to events that occurred before the law was enacted. This principle can have significant implications for individuals and organizations alike. For instance, when a government introduces a new tax law that applies retroactively, it may require taxpayers to pay additional taxes on income earned prior to the law's passage. This can lead to confusion and frustration among those affected, as they may not have planned their finances with the new law in mind. In many cases, lawmakers must carefully consider whether to make a law retroactive. While there are arguments in favor of retroactivity, such as ensuring fairness and justice, there are also concerns about the potential for creating instability and uncertainty in the legal system. For example, if businesses are faced with retroactive regulations, they may struggle to comply, leading to possible penalties or even bankruptcy. Moreover, the principle of retroactivity is not limited to taxation; it can also apply to other areas of law, such as criminal justice. If a new law is passed that decriminalizes certain behaviors, the question arises as to whether individuals who were previously convicted under the old law should have their records expunged. The retroactive application of such laws can provide relief to those who were unfairly punished, but it can also raise concerns about the integrity of the legal system. In addition to legal implications, retroactivity can also affect social policies and programs. For instance, if a new healthcare policy is implemented with retroactive benefits, individuals who received care before the policy was enacted might be entitled to reimbursement. This can create a burden on healthcare providers and insurers, as they must adjust their practices to accommodate these changes. Overall, the discussion surrounding retroactivity is complex and multifaceted. It highlights the tension between the need for a stable legal framework and the desire for justice and fairness in society. As laws continue to evolve, understanding the implications of retroactivity will be crucial for policymakers, legal professionals, and the public alike. Ultimately, while retroactivity can serve important purposes, it must be applied judiciously to avoid unintended consequences that could undermine trust in the legal system and disrupt the lives of those it affects.

‘追溯性’这一概念通常在法律上下文中讨论，指的是将新法律适用于法律颁布之前发生的事件。这一原则对个人和组织都可能产生重大影响。例如，当政府引入一项新的税法并且该法案具有‘追溯性’时，它可能要求纳税人对法律通过之前所赚取的收入支付额外的税款。这可能导致受影响者的困惑和沮丧，因为他们可能没有考虑到新法律而规划自己的财务。在许多情况下，立法者必须仔细考虑是否将法律设定为‘追溯性’。虽然支持‘追溯性’的论点包括确保公平与正义，但也存在关于可能造成法律体系不稳定和不确定性的担忧。例如，如果企业面临‘追溯性’的监管，它们可能会难以遵守，导致可能的处罚甚至破产。此外，‘追溯性’的原则不仅限于税收；它还可以适用于法律的其他领域，例如刑事司法。如果一项新法律通过，去刑事化某些行为，那么问题就出现了：之前根据旧法律被定罪的人是否应该被清除记录？这种法律的‘追溯性’应用可以为那些受到不公正惩罚的人提供救济，但也可能引发对法律系统完整性的担忧。除了法律影响外，‘追溯性’还可以影响社会政策和项目。例如，如果实施了一项新的医疗保健政策并带有‘追溯性’的福利，那么在政策颁布之前接受过治疗的个人可能有权获得报销。这可能给医疗提供者和保险公司带来负担，因为他们必须调整做法以适应这些变化。总的来说，围绕‘追溯性’的讨论是复杂且多方面的。它突显了对稳定法律框架的需求与对社会公平正义的渴望之间的紧张关系。随着法律的不断演变，理解‘追溯性’的影响对于政策制定者、法律专业人士以及公众来说都至关重要。最终，虽然‘追溯性’可以服务于重要目的，但必须谨慎应用，以避免可能削弱人们对法律系统信任并扰乱受其影响者生活的意外后果。