physicalist

简明释义

英[ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl.ɪst]美[ˈfɪzɪkəlɪst]

物理主义派

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.And when I review these various arguments, I come away thinking the better explanation falls with the physicalist.

所以当我考察各种论证时，我不会说最佳解释肯定是，物理主义的。

2.So we need to revise our account of what it is on the physicalist picture to say that you're dead.

我们应该重新修改一下,物理主义学上对死亡的定义。

3.What is it to die, on the physicalist view?

在物理学者的角度上，什么才是死亡？

4.One other point worth emphasizing and sketching the physicalist view is this.

另一个值得一提的,物理主义观点是这样的

5.So the physicalist view is wrong and the soul must be eternal.

所以现实主义者是错误的，而且灵魂肯定是不死的。

6.When I try to get you to grasp how physicalist think about the mind, I use examples about computers and robots and the like.

当我试图让你们理解，物理学家怎样思考精神，我用了电脑，和机器人的例子。

7.The physicalist will say, "Look, that aspect of the mental is pretty clear."

物理主义者会说，精神的那个方面已经很清楚了。

8.Many scientists align with a physicalist worldview, believing that all phenomena can be explained through physics and biology.

许多科学家支持物理主义者的世界观，认为所有现象都可以通过物理学和生物学来解释。

9.In debates about consciousness, many argue that a physicalist perspective is necessary to understand the mind.

在关于意识的辩论中，许多人认为需要一个物理主义者的视角来理解心智。

10.The philosopher identified as a physicalist believes that everything in the universe is made up of physical substances.

这位被称为物理主义者的哲学家认为，宇宙中的一切都是由物质构成的。

11.The physicalist view challenges dualism by asserting that mental states are entirely reducible to physical processes.

这种物理主义者的观点通过断言心理状态完全可以归结为物理过程来挑战二元论。

12.As a physicalist, she rejects any notion of the soul existing independently of the body.

作为一个物理主义者，她拒绝任何灵魂独立于身体存在的观念。

作文

In the realm of philosophy, particularly in discussions surrounding the nature of reality and consciousness, the term physicalist often emerges as a pivotal concept. A physicalist is someone who adheres to the philosophical viewpoint that everything that exists is either physical or depends on physical entities. This perspective stands in contrast to dualism, which posits that both physical and non-physical substances exist. To fully grasp the implications of being a physicalist, it is essential to explore its foundational principles and how they relate to various aspects of life and science.One of the primary tenets of physicalism is the belief that all phenomena, including mental states and consciousness, can be explained through physical processes. For instance, a physicalist would argue that thoughts, emotions, and experiences are ultimately reducible to neurobiological activities within the brain. This reductionist approach suggests that understanding the brain's structure and function can illuminate the mysteries of human experience. Such a view encourages a scientific inquiry into the mind, fostering advancements in fields like psychology, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence.However, the physicalist perspective is not without its challenges. Critics argue that reducing mental experiences to mere physical processes overlooks the richness of subjective experiences. This criticism is encapsulated in the well-known philosophical thought experiment called 'Mary's Room.' In this scenario, Mary is a scientist who knows everything about color vision but has lived her entire life in a black-and-white room. When she finally sees color for the first time, does she gain new knowledge? This question raises doubts about whether physicalism can fully account for the qualitative aspects of consciousness, known as qualia.Despite these critiques, many philosophers defend physicalism by arguing that the challenges posed by qualia do not necessarily invalidate the physicalist framework. They contend that just because we cannot yet explain every aspect of consciousness does not mean it is inherently non-physical. Instead, it suggests that our understanding of the brain and consciousness is still developing. As scientific research progresses, the hope is that a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the physical brain and mental experiences will emerge, further solidifying the physicalist position.Moreover, the implications of adopting a physicalist viewpoint extend beyond academic discourse; they influence ethical considerations and societal norms. If one accepts that all aspects of human behavior and decision-making are rooted in physical processes, it may lead to a more compassionate understanding of mental health issues. Instead of attributing moral failings to character flaws, a physicalist perspective encourages viewing them as conditions that require medical attention and support.In conclusion, the concept of physicalism plays a crucial role in contemporary philosophical discussions about the nature of reality and consciousness. While it faces significant challenges and critiques, its emphasis on the primacy of the physical world offers a compelling framework for understanding complex phenomena such as the mind. As we continue to explore the intricacies of human experience through scientific inquiry, the physicalist perspective may provide valuable insights that bridge the gap between the physical and the experiential. Ultimately, embracing a physicalist viewpoint could foster a more integrated understanding of ourselves and our place in the universe.

在哲学领域，特别是在关于现实和意识本质的讨论中，术语physicalist常常作为一个重要概念出现。physicalist是指坚持一种哲学观点的人，即一切存在的事物要么是物质的，要么依赖于物质实体。这种观点与二元论形成对比，后者主张物质和非物质的实质同时存在。要充分理解成为physicalist的含义，有必要探讨其基础原则以及它们如何与生活和科学的各个方面相关联。Physicalism的一个主要信条是相信所有现象，包括心理状态和意识，都可以通过物理过程来解释。例如，physicalist会认为思想、情感和体验最终可以还原为大脑内的神经生物活动。这种还原主义的方法表明，理解大脑的结构和功能可以揭示人类体验的奥秘。这种观点鼓励对心智进行科学探究，促进心理学、神经科学和人工智能等领域的发展。然而，physicalist的观点并非没有挑战。批评者认为，将心理体验简化为单纯的物理过程忽视了主观体验的丰富性。这种批评被称为“玛丽的房间”的著名哲学思想实验所概括。在这个情境中，玛丽是一位科学家，她了解有关颜色视觉的一切，但她一生都生活在一个黑白房间里。当她第一次看到颜色时，她是否获得了新的知识？这个问题引发了对于physicalism是否能够完全解释意识的定性方面（即qualia）的怀疑。尽管面临这些批评，许多哲学家仍然为physicalism辩护，认为qualia所提出的挑战并不一定否定物理主义框架。他们认为，仅仅因为我们尚未能解释意识的每一个方面，并不意味着它本质上是非物质的。相反，这表明我们对大脑与意识之间关系的理解仍在发展中。随着科学研究的进展，希望能出现对物理大脑与心理体验之间关系的更全面理解，进一步巩固physicalist的立场。此外，接受physicalist观点的影响超越了学术讨论，影响着伦理考虑和社会规范。如果人们接受所有人类行为和决策都是根植于物理过程这一观点，那么这可能会导致对心理健康问题更具同情心的理解。physicalist的观点鼓励人们将道德缺陷视为需要医疗关注和支持的状况，而不是归因于性格缺陷。总之，physicalism这一概念在当代关于现实和意识本质的哲学讨论中发挥着至关重要的作用。虽然它面临着重大挑战和批评，但它对物质世界优先性的强调为理解复杂的现象如心智提供了一个引人入胜的框架。随着我们通过科学探究继续探索人类体验的复杂性，physicalist的观点可能提供有价值的见解，弥合物质与体验之间的鸿沟。最终，接受physicalist观点可能促进我们对自身及其在宇宙中位置的更综合理解。