acetyl

简明释义

英[ˈæsɪˌtaɪl]美[əˈsitəl]

n. [有化] 乙酰；乙酰基

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.To activate helper genes, chemical tags called acetyl groups must first loosen tightly wrapped DNA.

为了激活这些辅助基因，那些被称为乙酰群的化学物质必须首先释放出那些紧紧被包裹住的脱氧核糖核酸。

2.Cloning and expression of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine2-epimerase.

乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺2-差向异构酶基因的克隆及表达。

3.This modification is either the addition of methyl groups to the DNA or of acetyl groups to the histones.

这种改性或者是甲基增至DNA中，或者是乙酰基增加到组蛋白中。

4.Objective To investigate the possibility of bridging small peripheral nerve gap using a de-acetyl chitosan conduit.

目的探讨脱乙酰甲壳质生物套管小间隙桥接周围神经损伤的可行性。

5.Methods:Zileuton wassynthesized via 3-step reactions with 2-acetyl benzothiophene as the starting material.

方法：以2-乙酰基苯并噻吩为起始原料，经3步反应合成齐留通。

6.Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic acetyl-lysine peptide library.

该单克隆抗体用合成的乙酰化赖氨酸底物库肽段免疫动物制备。

7.The industrial strain BIB0830 of Streptomyces thermotolerans can produce acetyl-isovaleryl tylosin by bioconversion using tylosin as a processor.

BIB0830是一株可将泰乐菌素转化为乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素的耐热链霉菌工业菌株。

8.A small molecule called an acetyl group attaches to a particular histone known as H4.

一个小小的分子称作一个乙酰基团，它黏在一个称作h4的特殊组蛋白上。

9.In the end, the steric hindrance of the acetyl group was discussed.

最后，本文讨论了空间位阻效应对反应性质的影响。

10.The drug works by inhibiting the enzyme that removes acetyl 乙酰基 groups from proteins.

该药物通过抑制去除蛋白质中acetyl 乙酰基的酶来发挥作用。

11.Researchers are studying how acetyl 乙酰基ation affects gene expression.

研究人员正在研究acetyl 乙酰基化如何影响基因表达。

12.The presence of acetyl 乙酰基 groups in the polymer improves its thermal stability.

聚合物中存在的acetyl 乙酰基提高了其热稳定性。

13.In the synthesis of aspirin, the acetyl 乙酰基 group is added to salicylic acid.

在阿司匹林的合成中，acetyl 乙酰基被添加到水杨酸上。

14.The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl 乙酰基 group from acetyl-CoA to the substrate.

该酶催化将一个acetyl 乙酰基从乙酰辅酶A转移到底物上。

作文

The term acetyl refers to a functional group in organic chemistry that consists of a carbonyl (C=O) and a methyl group (CH3). This simple yet significant structure plays a crucial role in various biochemical processes. Understanding the properties and functions of acetyl can provide insights into its importance in both synthetic and natural compounds. For instance, acetyl is commonly found in acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that is vital for muscle movement and cognitive functions. The presence of the acetyl group in acetylcholine allows it to interact effectively with receptors in the nervous system, facilitating communication between neurons. Moreover, acetyl groups are involved in the process of acetylation, a biochemical modification where an acetyl group is added to a molecule, often altering its function and activity. This modification is essential in regulating gene expression, as it can affect how tightly DNA is packaged around histones, thereby influencing transcription processes. Scientists have discovered that the addition of acetyl groups to histones can enhance gene expression, while their removal can lead to gene silencing. Thus, the study of acetyl and acetylation has significant implications in fields such as genetics and epigenetics.In addition to its biological significance, acetyl is also important in industrial applications. For example, acetic acid, which contains the acetyl group, is widely used in the production of synthetic fibers, plastics, and food preservatives. The versatility of acetyl derivatives extends to pharmaceuticals as well, where they serve as building blocks for various drug molecules. Understanding the chemistry behind acetyl can aid in the development of new therapeutic agents and improve existing medications.Furthermore, the role of acetyl in metabolism cannot be overlooked. In cellular respiration, the acetyl group is a key component of acetyl-CoA, a central metabolite that provides energy and carbon skeletons for biosynthetic pathways. Acetyl-CoA is produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, highlighting the interconnectedness of different metabolic pathways. Its involvement in the citric acid cycle underscores the importance of acetyl in energy production and cellular function.In conclusion, the understanding of acetyl is fundamental across various scientific disciplines. Whether it is through its role in neurotransmission, gene regulation, industrial applications, or metabolism, the significance of the acetyl group cannot be overstated. As research continues to uncover the complexities associated with acetyl, its potential for innovative applications in medicine, biotechnology, and environmental science becomes increasingly apparent. Therefore, gaining a comprehensive understanding of acetyl is essential for students and professionals alike in the fields of chemistry, biology, and beyond.

术语acetyl指的是有机化学中的一个功能团，由一个羰基（C=O）和一个甲基（CH3）组成。这种简单而重要的结构在各种生化过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。理解acetyl的性质和功能可以提供对其在合成和天然化合物中重要性的洞察。例如，acetyl通常存在于乙酰胆碱中，这是一种对肌肉运动和认知功能至关重要的神经递质。acetyl基团在乙酰胆碱中的存在使其能够有效地与神经系统中的受体相互作用，促进神经元之间的交流。此外，acetyl基团参与了乙酰化过程，这是一种生化修饰，其中acetyl基团被添加到分子中，通常会改变其功能和活性。这种修饰在调节基因表达方面至关重要，因为它可以影响DNA如何紧密地包装在组蛋白周围，从而影响转录过程。科学家们发现，向组蛋白添加acetyl基团可以增强基因表达，而去除这些基团则可能导致基因沉默。因此，研究acetyl和乙酰化在遗传学和表观遗传学等领域具有重要意义。除了生物学上的重要性外，acetyl在工业应用中也很重要。例如，含有acetyl基团的醋酸广泛用于合成纤维、塑料和食品防腐剂的生产。acetyl衍生物的多功能性延伸到制药领域，在这里它们作为各种药物分子的构建块。理解acetyl背后的化学可以帮助新疗法的开发，并改善现有药物。此外，acetyl在代谢中的作用也不容忽视。在细胞呼吸中，acetyl基团是乙酰辅酶A的关键成分，这是一种中心代谢物，为生物合成途径提供能量和碳骨架。乙酰辅酶A由碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质产生，突显了不同代谢途径之间的相互联系。它在柠檬酸循环中的参与强调了acetyl在能量产生和细胞功能中的重要性。总之，理解acetyl在各个科学学科中都是基础。无论是通过其在神经传递、基因调节、工业应用还是代谢中的角色，acetyl基团的重要性都不容小觑。随着研究继续揭示与acetyl相关的复杂性，其在医学、生物技术和环境科学中的创新应用潜力变得愈加明显。因此，全面了解acetyl对化学、生物学及其他领域的学生和专业人士来说都是至关重要的。