dimercaprol

简明释义

英[/daɪˈmɜr.kə.prɒl/]美[/daɪˈmɜr.kə.prɒl/]

n. [药] 二巯基丙醇

英英释义

单词用法

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反义词

例句

1.OBJECTIVE:To measure the safety of Shenfuling(made from tretinoin, dimercaprol and salicylic acid)ointment. METHODS:Acute toxicity tests and stimulation tests for skin and mucosa were used.

目的：评价砷肤灵（主含维甲酸、二巯基丙醇、水杨酸等）软膏的皮肤安全性。

2.OBJECTIVE:To measure the safety of Shenfuling(made from tretinoin, dimercaprol and salicylic acid)ointment. METHODS:Acute toxicity tests and stimulation tests for skin and mucosa were used.

目的：评价砷肤灵（主含维甲酸、二巯基丙醇、水杨酸等）软膏的皮肤安全性。

3.The use of dimercaprol requires careful monitoring due to potential side effects.

使用二巯基丙醇需要仔细监测，因为可能会有副作用。

4.After exposure to heavy metals, the patient was treated with dimercaprol to reduce toxicity.

在接触重金属后，患者接受了二巯基丙醇治疗以降低毒性。

5.For patients with mercury exposure, dimercaprol can help chelate the metal from the body.

对于接触汞的患者，二巯基丙醇可以帮助将金属从体内去除。

6.In cases of lead poisoning, dimercaprol is often used as an antidote.

在铅中毒的情况下，二巯基丙醇通常用作解毒剂。

7.The doctor prescribed dimercaprol for the treatment of arsenic poisoning.

医生开了二巯基丙醇用于治疗砷中毒。

作文

Dimercaprol, known scientifically as 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol, is a chelating agent that has been widely used in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning. This compound plays a crucial role in medicine, particularly in cases of arsenic, mercury, and lead poisoning. Understanding the mechanism and application of dimercaprol is essential for healthcare professionals, as it can be life-saving in acute toxic situations.The history of dimercaprol dates back to World War II when it was first utilized to treat soldiers exposed to arsenic-based chemical warfare agents. Its effectiveness in binding to metal ions allows it to form stable complexes, which can then be excreted from the body through urine. This property makes dimercaprol an invaluable tool in toxicology.When a patient presents with symptoms of heavy metal poisoning, quick diagnosis and treatment are paramount. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and neurological disturbances. Upon suspicion of poisoning, healthcare providers often administer dimercaprol intramuscularly, usually in conjunction with other treatments, depending on the specific metal involved. The dosage and duration of treatment can vary based on the severity of the poisoning and the patient's response to the drug.The mechanism of action of dimercaprol involves its sulfur-containing groups, which have a high affinity for heavy metals. When dimercaprol is introduced into the bloodstream, it binds to free metal ions, forming a soluble complex that is less harmful than the unbound metal. This process facilitates the elimination of these toxic substances from the body, thereby reducing their detrimental effects on vital organs, such as the kidneys and liver.Despite its effectiveness, the use of dimercaprol is not without risks. Some patients may experience side effects, including allergic reactions, hypertension, and tachycardia. Additionally, it is contraindicated in certain conditions, such as peanut allergies, due to its formulation containing peanut oil. Therefore, careful patient assessment is essential prior to administration.In conclusion, dimercaprol is a significant pharmacological agent in the field of toxicology, particularly for treating heavy metal poisoning. Its ability to chelate toxic metals and facilitate their excretion makes it a critical component of emergency medicine. Awareness of its applications, mechanisms, and potential side effects is vital for healthcare providers to ensure effective and safe patient care. As we continue to advance our understanding of toxicology and pharmacotherapy, dimercaprol remains a pivotal element in combating the dangers posed by heavy metal exposure.In summary, dimercaprol (二巯基丙醇) is a chelating agent used mainly for treating heavy metal poisoning, especially from arsenic, mercury, and lead. Its historical significance, mechanism of action, and clinical considerations highlight its importance in medical practice.

二巯基丙醇，科学上称为2,3-二巯基-1-丙醇，是一种广泛用于重金属中毒治疗的螯合剂。这种化合物在医学中发挥着至关重要的作用，尤其是在砷、汞和铅中毒的情况下。理解二巯基丙醇的机制和应用对医疗专业人员至关重要，因为它在急性毒性情况下可能挽救生命。二巯基丙醇的历史可以追溯到第二次世界大战，当时它首次被用于治疗接触砷基化学战剂的士兵。它在与金属离子结合方面的有效性使其能够形成稳定的络合物，这些络合物可以通过尿液从体内排出。这一特性使得二巯基丙醇成为毒理学中的宝贵工具。当患者出现重金属中毒的症状时，快速诊断和治疗至关重要。症状可能包括腹痛、呕吐、腹泻和神经系统紊乱。在怀疑中毒的情况下，医疗提供者通常通过肌肉注射方式给予二巯基丙醇，通常与其他治疗方法结合使用，具体取决于所涉及的金属类型。根据中毒的严重程度和患者对药物的反应，给药剂量和持续时间可能会有所不同。二巯基丙醇的作用机制涉及其含硫基团，这些基团对重金属具有很高的亲和力。当二巯基丙醇进入血液循环后，它会与游离金属离子结合，形成一种可溶性复合物，这种复合物比未结合的金属更无害。这个过程促进了这些毒性物质从体内的排除，从而减少了它们对肾脏和肝脏等重要器官的有害影响。尽管其有效性，但使用二巯基丙醇并非没有风险。一些患者可能会出现副作用，包括过敏反应、高血压和心动过速。此外，由于其配方含有花生油，因此在某些情况下是禁忌的，例如花生过敏。因此，在给药前仔细评估患者的情况至关重要。总之，二巯基丙醇是毒理学领域的重要药物，特别是在治疗重金属中毒方面。它螯合毒性金属并促进其排泄的能力使其成为急救医学的关键组成部分。了解其应用、机制和潜在副作用对于医疗提供者确保有效和安全的患者护理至关重要。随着我们继续加深对毒理学和药物治疗的理解，二巯基丙醇仍然是应对重金属暴露带来的危险的重要因素。总之，二巯基丙醇（dimercaprol）是一种主要用于治疗重金属中毒，尤其是砷、汞和铅的螯合剂。它的历史意义、作用机制和临床考虑凸显了它在医学实践中的重要性。