parasitism

简明释义

英[ˈpærəsaɪtɪzm]美[ˈpærəˌsaɪtɪzəm]

n. 寄生状态；寄生病

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The key interspecific interactions are competition, predation, parasitism and mutualism, whilst the main intraspecific interactions are competition, cannibalism and altruism.

关键的种间相互作用是竞争、捕食、寄生和互利共生，而主要的种内相互作用是竞争、自相残杀和利他主义。

2.Medical Parasitology is a science on the studies of parasitism and the interactions between parasites and their hosts.

人体寄生虫学是一门研究与医学有关的寄生虫及其与宿主关系的科学。

3.Parasitism is a kind of predator-prey relationship in which one organism, the parasite, derives its food at the expense of its symbiotic associate, the host.

寄生是一种捕食者与被捕食者之间的关系，寄生者利用共生伙伴——宿主来获取食物。

4.The parasitism of a certain race differed with genera, species, or materials under test.

同一生理小种的寄生性，因供试植物的属，种或种内材料的不同而有差异。

5.The essay introduced the progress on the structure of esophageal glands of plant nematode and in its changes during the onset of parasitism, also in the components of secretions.

报道了植物线虫食道腺的结构，在生活史中的变化及其分泌物成分的研究进展。

6.Six species of solitary parasitoids emerged from galls with a combined parasitism of over 70%, among which three parasitoids, Torymoides kiesenwetteri (Mayr).

通过饲养与解剖虫瘿，观察了寄生泽兰实蝇的本土寄生蜂种及其寄生率。

7.There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism.

共生关系主要有三种类型：寄生关系、共生关系和互惠关系。

8.In a forest ecosystem, the presence of parasitism can affect the population dynamics of various species.

在森林生态系统中，寄生主义的存在可以影响各种物种的种群动态。

9.Some plants exhibit parasitism by extracting nutrients from their host plants.

一些植物通过从寄主植物中提取养分来表现出寄生主义。

10.In biology, parasitism refers to a relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of another.

在生物学中，寄生主义是指一种关系，其中一个生物受益于另一个生物的代价。

11.The study of parasitism helps us understand ecological interactions better.

对寄生主义的研究有助于我们更好地理解生态互动。

12.Tapeworms are a classic example of parasitism in the animal kingdom.

绦虫是动物王国中寄生主义的经典例子。

作文

In the intricate web of life, various interactions between organisms define their relationships and survival strategies. One such interaction is known as parasitism, which occurs when one organism benefits at the expense of another. This relationship can be observed in numerous ecosystems, ranging from the microscopic world of bacteria to the vast landscapes inhabited by larger animals. Understanding parasitism not only sheds light on ecological dynamics but also highlights the delicate balance of nature.At its core, parasitism involves two distinct entities: the parasite and the host. The parasite is the organism that derives nutrients or benefits from the host, often leading to harm or detriment to the host's health. For example, tapeworms are notorious parasites that inhabit the intestines of various animals, including humans. By attaching themselves to the intestinal walls, they absorb nutrients meant for the host, leading to malnutrition and other health issues. This relationship exemplifies how parasitism can disrupt the well-being of the host while allowing the parasite to thrive.Another fascinating aspect of parasitism is its ability to influence the behavior of the host. Some parasites have evolved mechanisms to manipulate their hosts' actions for their own benefit. A well-known example is the parasitic wasp, which lays its eggs inside living caterpillars. Once the larvae hatch, they release chemicals that alter the caterpillar's behavior, causing it to seek out a location that is optimal for the larvae's development. This manipulation showcases the complex interplay between host and parasite, where the parasite's survival hinges on its ability to control its host's actions.The prevalence of parasitism extends beyond individual organisms; it plays a crucial role in shaping entire ecosystems. Parasites can regulate host populations, preventing any one species from becoming overly dominant. This regulation fosters biodiversity, ensuring that various species coexist and maintain ecological balance. For instance, in a forest ecosystem, parasites can limit the population of herbivores, allowing plant species to flourish. In this way, parasitism contributes to the overall health of the environment, despite its seemingly negative connotation.Moreover, parasitism has significant implications for human health and agriculture. Many diseases in humans are caused by parasitic infections, such as malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted through mosquito bites. Understanding the mechanisms of parasitism can lead to better prevention and treatment strategies, ultimately saving lives. In agriculture, crops can fall victim to parasitic plants like dodder, which siphon off vital nutrients. Farmers must combat these threats to ensure food security, highlighting the economic importance of understanding parasitism.In conclusion, parasitism is a multifaceted interaction that plays a vital role in the natural world. From influencing individual health to shaping ecosystems and affecting human society, the impact of parasitism is profound. As we continue to explore the complexities of life on Earth, recognizing the significance of this relationship will enhance our understanding of ecological balance and inform our approaches to health and agriculture. Embracing the lessons learned from parasitism can lead to a more harmonious coexistence with the myriad forms of life that share our planet.

在生命的错综复杂的网络中，有机体之间的各种相互作用定义了它们的关系和生存策略。其中一种相互作用被称为寄生主义，当一个有机体以另一个有机体为代价获益时，就会发生这种情况。这种关系可以在从微观细菌世界到大型动物栖息的广阔景观等众多生态系统中观察到。理解寄生主义不仅能揭示生态动态，还能突显自然的微妙平衡。从根本上说，寄生主义涉及两个不同的实体：寄生虫和宿主。寄生虫是从宿主那里获取营养或利益的有机体，通常会对宿主的健康造成伤害或损害。例如，绦虫是臭名昭著的寄生虫，寄生在各种动物的肠道中，包括人类。通过附着在肠壁上，它们吸收原本属于宿主的营养，从而导致营养不良和其他健康问题。这种关系展示了寄生主义如何破坏宿主的健康，同时使寄生虫得以繁荣。寄生主义的另一个迷人之处在于它能够影响宿主的行为。一些寄生虫进化出操纵宿主行为的机制，以便为自己谋取利益。一个众所周知的例子是寄生蜂，它将卵产在活的毛虫体内。一旦幼虫孵化，它们释放化学物质，改变毛虫的行为，使其寻找适合幼虫发展的地方。这种操控展示了宿主与寄生虫之间复杂的相互作用，其中寄生虫的生存取决于其控制宿主行为的能力。寄生主义的普遍性超越了个体生物；它在塑造整个生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。寄生虫可以调节宿主种群，防止任何一个物种变得过于主导。这种调节促进了生物多样性，确保各种物种共存并维持生态平衡。例如，在森林生态系统中，寄生虫可以限制食草动物的数量，使植物物种得以繁荣。通过这种方式，寄生主义有助于环境的整体健康，尽管它似乎有负面含义。此外，寄生主义对人类健康和农业具有重要影响。许多疾病由寄生感染引起，例如疟疾，由通过蚊子叮咬传播的疟原虫引起。理解寄生主义的机制可以导致更好的预防和治疗策略，最终拯救生命。在农业中，作物可能受到如缠绕藤这样的寄生植物的侵害，这些植物会抽取重要的营养。农民必须与这些威胁作斗争，以确保粮食安全，这突显了理解寄生主义的经济重要性。总之，寄生主义是一种多面互动，在自然界中发挥着重要作用。从影响个体健康到塑造生态系统，再到影响人类社会，寄生主义的影响深远。随着我们继续探索地球上生命的复杂性，认识到这种关系的重要性将增强我们对生态平衡的理解，并为我们的健康和农业方法提供信息。拥抱从寄生主义中学到的教训，可以使我们与共享我们星球的无数生命形式更加和谐地共存。