bacteriophage

简明释义

英[bækˈtɪəriəˌfeɪdʒ]美[bækˈtɪrɪəˌfedʒ]

n. [病毒] 噬菌体；抗菌素

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Organisms within this genus are separated on the basis of antigenic characteristics, sugar fermentation patterns, and bacteriophage susceptibility.

这一属的有机体在抗原特性、糖发酵模式和噬菌体易感性的基础上被分离。

2.The latent form of a bacteriophage in which the viral genes are incorporated into the bacterial chromosomes without causing disruption of the bacterial cell.

原噬菌体抗菌体的潜在形体，在这种形体中病毒基因和细菌染色体结合，而对细菌细胞不能造成。

3.As they report in Evolution, Dr Turner and his team performed their trick with a type of virus called a bacteriophage.

在《进化》上发表的文章中，特纳博士与他的团队用一种名为噬菌体的病毒来展示他们的新发现。

4.Objective: to realize the change and status quoin the application of paediatric bacteriophage and to discuss the possible methods of improving the abuse of paediatric bacteriophage.

目的为了解儿科抗菌素应用的变化及现状，探讨改善儿科抗菌素滥用趋势的途径。

5.The bacteria medicine sensitive test in 30 cases of J1 bacteriophage typhoid fever was reported.

报道了30例J 1噬菌体型伤寒的药敏试验结果。

6.Bacteriophage (or phage) : Any of a group of usually complex viruses that infect bacteria.

噬菌体(亦称噬体)：一类传染细菌的复合病毒。

7.AIM: To understand the specific adsorption and bacteriolysis mechanism by observing the biological characteristics of the bacteriophage.

目的：通过噬菌体特性观察，为了解噬菌体吸附特异性及溶菌机理的分子生物学机制奠定物质基础。

8.This probably sounds bad enough already, but wait until you hear Intralytix, the company that developed the bacteriophage mixture, explain exactly how the virus works.

可能这听起来已经够糟糕的，但请等一下，在你听到开发噬菌体混合物的Intralytix公司准确解释病毒如何运作之前。

9.Import White Fish Meal, Spirulina powder, Mysid powder, Digestible Yeast, Wheat Embryo, Laver, Bacteriophage, Multivitamins, Essential Minerals, etc.

选用进口白鱼粉、螺旋藻粉、虾粉、消化酵母、小麦、胚芽、紫菜、抗菌素和多种复合维生素，矿物质等。

10.A new therapy involving bacteriophage has shown promise in clinical trials.

一种涉及噬菌体的新疗法在临床试验中显示出希望。

11.Researchers are studying the potential of bacteriophage to treat antibiotic-resistant infections.

研究人员正在研究噬菌体治疗抗生素耐药性感染的潜力。

12.The discovery of bacteriophage therapy dates back to the early 20th century.

对噬菌体疗法的发现可以追溯到20世纪初。

13.The use of bacteriophage in food safety is gaining attention among scientists.

在食品安全中使用噬菌体正受到科学家的关注。

14.In veterinary medicine, bacteriophage can be used to treat infections in livestock.

在兽医学中，噬菌体可用于治疗家畜的感染。

作文

In the world of microbiology, few entities are as fascinating and complex as the bacteriophage. A bacteriophage is a type of virus that specifically infects bacteria. The name itself derives from the Greek words 'bakterion', meaning 'bacteria', and 'phagein', which means 'to eat'. This etymology reflects the bacteriophage's role in nature, where it acts as a predator to bacterial populations. Understanding bacteriophages is crucial not only for microbiologists but also for medical researchers and environmental scientists.The discovery of bacteriophages dates back to the early 20th century, when scientists began to realize that certain viruses could target and destroy bacteria. This was a groundbreaking revelation, as it opened up new avenues for treating bacterial infections. Before the advent of antibiotics, bacteriophages were used in some parts of the world to combat bacterial diseases. Today, with the rise of antibiotic resistance, there is renewed interest in exploiting bacteriophages as an alternative therapeutic option.One of the most intriguing aspects of bacteriophages is their specificity. Unlike antibiotics, which can affect a wide range of bacteria, bacteriophages are highly selective. This means they can be designed or chosen to target specific bacterial strains without harming beneficial bacteria in the human microbiome. This precision makes bacteriophages an attractive option for personalized medicine, where treatments can be tailored to individual patients based on their unique bacterial profiles.Moreover, bacteriophages have a unique life cycle that includes two main phases: the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle. In the lytic cycle, the bacteriophage attaches to a bacterium, injects its genetic material, and hijacks the bacterium's machinery to produce more bacteriophages. This process culminates in the lysis, or bursting, of the bacterial cell, releasing new bacteriophages into the environment to infect other bacteria. In contrast, during the lysogenic cycle, the bacteriophage's genetic material integrates into the bacterial genome, allowing it to replicate alongside the bacterium without killing it. This duality makes bacteriophages versatile agents in microbial ecology.In addition to their potential in medicine, bacteriophages are also being explored for their applications in food safety and agriculture. They can be used to target pathogenic bacteria in food products, reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses. In agriculture, bacteriophages can help manage bacterial diseases in crops, promoting healthier plants and reducing the need for chemical pesticides.Despite their promise, research on bacteriophages is still in its infancy compared to antibiotics. There are challenges to overcome, such as regulatory hurdles and the need for standardized methodologies. However, with the increasing threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the study of bacteriophages represents a critical frontier in the fight against infectious diseases.In conclusion, the bacteriophage is a remarkable organism that plays a vital role in controlling bacterial populations. Its specificity, versatility, and potential applications make it an exciting area of research. As we continue to explore the capabilities of bacteriophages, we may unlock new solutions to some of the most pressing health challenges of our time, making them a key player in the future of medicine and biotechnology.

在微生物学的世界中，鲜有实体如bacteriophage般既迷人又复杂。bacteriophage是一种专门感染细菌的病毒。这个名称源自希腊语单词“bakterion”，意为“细菌”，和“phagein”，意为“吃”。这种词源反映了bacteriophage在自然界中的作用，它作为细菌种群的捕食者。理解bacteriophage不仅对微生物学家至关重要，也对医学研究人员和环境科学家至关重要。bacteriophage的发现可以追溯到20世纪初，当时科学家们开始意识到某些病毒能够针对并摧毁细菌。这是一个突破性的发现，因为它开启了治疗细菌感染的新途径。在抗生素出现之前，bacteriophage曾在世界某些地方用于对抗细菌疾病。今天，随着抗生素抗药性的上升，人们重新关注利用bacteriophage作为替代治疗选择。bacteriophage最引人入胜的一个方面是它们的特异性。与影响广泛细菌的抗生素不同，bacteriophage具有高度选择性。这意味着可以设计或选择特定的bacteriophage来针对特定的细菌株，而不会伤害人体微生物组中的有益细菌。这种精确性使得bacteriophage成为个性化医学的一个吸引人的选择，其中治疗可以根据患者独特的细菌特征量身定制。此外，bacteriophage具有独特的生命周期，包括两个主要阶段：裂解周期和溶原周期。在裂解周期中，bacteriophage附着在细菌上，注入其遗传物质，并劫持细菌的机制以生产更多的bacteriophage。这个过程最终导致细菌细胞的裂解或破裂，释放出新的bacteriophage进入环境以感染其他细菌。相反，在溶原周期中，bacteriophage的遗传物质整合到细菌基因组中，使其能够与细菌一起复制，而不杀死细菌。这种双重性使得bacteriophage在微生物生态学中成为多功能的载体。除了在医学中的潜力外，bacteriophage还在食品安全和农业中的应用受到探索。它们可以用来针对食品产品中的致病细菌，降低食源性疾病的风险。在农业中，bacteriophage可以帮助管理作物中的细菌疾病，促进植物健康，减少对化学农药的需求。尽管bacteriophage具有前景，但与抗生素相比，其研究仍处于起步阶段。需要克服一些挑战，例如监管障碍和标准化方法的需求。然而，随着抗生素耐药细菌威胁的增加，研究bacteriophage代表了对抗传染病的关键前沿。总之，bacteriophage是一种非凡的生物体，在控制细菌种群中发挥着至关重要的作用。它的特异性、多功能性和潜在应用使其成为一个令人兴奋的研究领域。随着我们继续探索bacteriophage的能力，我们可能会解锁一些当今最紧迫健康挑战的新解决方案，使其成为医学和生物技术未来的关键角色。