autotetraploid

简明释义

英[/ˌɔːtəˈtɛtrəplɔɪd/]美[/ˌɔːtəˈtɛtrəplɔɪd/]

n. 同源四倍体

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Compared with diploid control, the pollen fertility and seed set of autotetraploid declined dramatically, especially in preliminary generations, and they were only 59.

与二倍体对照相比，同源四倍体材料的花粉育性、结实率均不同程度下降，尤其低代材料的花粉育性59。

2.The values of total erythrocyte volume and total surface area per milliliter blood are significantly(P<0.05) lower in autotetraploid than those in interploid 3n and 2n control.

团头鲂同源四倍体每毫升血液红细胞的总体积和总表面积，均明显低于二倍体和倍间三倍体团头鲂（P<0.05）；

3.The values of total erythrocyte volume and total surface area per milliliter blood are significantly(P<0.05) lower in autotetraploid than those in interploid 3n and 2n control.

团头鲂同源四倍体每毫升血液红细胞的总体积和总表面积，均明显低于二倍体和倍间三倍体团头鲂（P<0.05）；

4.This paper studied the fertilization of the hybrid between autotetraploid sorghum and Johnson grass and the genetic characters of the hybrid generation.

本试验研究了高粱同源四倍体与约翰逊草远缘杂交的结实性及其后代表现。

5.The formation of the aleuronic layer cell wall in autotetraploid and its original diploid rice was studied by using the technique of fluorescence microscopy.

利用荧光显微术观察，发现同源四倍体水稻与其二倍体原种的糊粉层细胞壁纤维素物质都存在一个“充实”的过程。

6.The critical problem encountered in the breeding work of autotetraploid rice is the low and unstable fertility.

结实低而不稳是四倍体水稻育种遇到的重要障碍。

7.The seed setting rate has no obvious difference between autotriploid and autotetraploid, but it will rise with the increase of the self-bred generations.

③同源三倍体和同源四倍体之间的自交结实率没有明显的区别，结实率会随着自交代数的增加而上升。

8.The study focused on the genetic characteristics of the autotetraploid 自四倍体 species found in the region.

这项研究集中于该地区发现的自四倍体物种的遗传特征。

9.The autotetraploid 自四倍体 variety of wheat has shown increased resistance to disease.

这种自四倍体小麦品种表现出对疾病的更强抵抗力。

10.Researchers are exploring how autotetraploid 自四倍体 plants can contribute to agricultural productivity.

研究人员正在探索自四倍体植物如何促进农业生产力。

11.The autotetraploid 自四倍体 form of this species exhibits unique morphological traits.

这个物种的自四倍体形式展现了独特的形态特征。

12.In our lab, we are breeding autotetraploid 自四倍体 tomatoes for improved fruit size.

在我们的实验室里，我们正在培育自四倍体番茄，以改善果实大小。

作文

In the fascinating world of genetics, the term autotetraploid refers to an organism that has four sets of chromosomes, all derived from a single species. This condition is a result of a process called polyploidy, where the chromosome number is increased beyond the normal diploid level. Understanding autotetraploid organisms is crucial for various fields, including agriculture, horticulture, and evolutionary biology. Polyploidy is prevalent in the plant kingdom. Many cultivated plants, such as wheat and cotton, are autotetraploid. These plants often exhibit enhanced traits, such as larger size, increased vigor, and greater adaptability to environmental stresses. For instance, the common wheat we consume today is a hexaploid (having six sets of chromosomes), which includes autotetraploid ancestors. The evolution of these polyploid species has allowed for greater genetic diversity, enabling them to thrive in various ecological niches.The formation of autotetraploid individuals can occur naturally or be induced artificially. In nature, it often results from errors during cell division, specifically during meiosis, where the chromosomes fail to separate properly. This leads to gametes with double the normal chromosome number, and when two such gametes fuse, the resulting zygote becomes autotetraploid. In agriculture, scientists may induce polyploidy through chemical treatments, allowing them to create crops with desirable traits more rapidly.One of the most significant advantages of autotetraploid organisms is their potential for hybrid vigor, or heterosis. This phenomenon occurs when two genetically distinct parents produce offspring that exhibit superior qualities compared to their parents. In autotetraploid plants, this can manifest as improved growth rates, resistance to diseases, and higher yields. Farmers and breeders actively seek out autotetraploid varieties to enhance crop production and ensure food security in a growing global population.Moreover, the study of autotetraploid organisms also provides insights into evolutionary processes. Polyploidy is believed to play a significant role in speciation, as it can lead to reproductive isolation. When a new autotetraploid species emerges, it may no longer be able to interbreed with its diploid relatives, leading to the development of distinct traits and adaptations over time. This process contributes to the rich tapestry of biodiversity we observe today.In conclusion, the concept of autotetraploid is not only vital for understanding the genetic makeup of certain organisms but also plays a significant role in agriculture and evolutionary biology. As we continue to explore the complexities of genetics, the implications of autotetraploid organisms will undoubtedly shape future research and agricultural practices. Embracing the knowledge surrounding polyploidy can lead to innovative solutions for enhancing crops, conserving biodiversity, and understanding the mechanisms of evolution. By recognizing the importance of autotetraploid species, we can appreciate the intricate connections between genetics, ecology, and the sustainability of our planet's resources.

在遗传学的迷人世界中，术语autotetraploid指的是一种生物，它具有四组染色体，所有染色体均来自同一物种。这种情况是由于多倍体过程导致的，在这种过程中，染色体数量超出了正常的二倍体水平。理解autotetraploid生物对于农业、园艺和进化生物学等多个领域至关重要。多倍体在植物王国中非常普遍。许多栽培植物，如小麦和棉花，都是autotetraploid。这些植物通常表现出增强的特性，如更大的体型、增加的活力和对环境压力的更强适应能力。例如，我们今天消费的普通小麦是一种六倍体（具有六组染色体），其中包括autotetraploid祖先。这些多倍体物种的进化使它们能够在各种生态位中生存，从而实现了更大的遗传多样性。autotetraploid个体的形成可以自然发生，也可以通过人工诱导。在自然界中，它通常是由于细胞分裂过程中的错误，特别是在减数分裂期间，染色体未能正确分离。这导致具有双倍正常染色体数量的配子，而当两个这样的配子结合时，所产生的合子就成为autotetraploid。在农业中，科学家可能通过化学处理来诱导多倍体，从而更快速地创造出具有理想特性的作物。autotetraploid生物的一个重要优势是它们的杂交优势或异质性现象。当两个基因上不同的亲本产生后代时，这些后代通常表现出比其父母更优越的品质。在autotetraploid植物中，这可以表现为更好的生长速度、对疾病的抵抗力和更高的产量。农民和育种者积极寻找autotetraploid品种，以提高作物生产并确保在不断增长的全球人口中实现粮食安全。此外，研究autotetraploid生物也为我们提供了对进化过程的深入了解。多倍体被认为在物种形成中起着重要作用，因为它可能导致生殖隔离。当一个新的autotetraploid物种出现时，它可能不再能够与其二倍体亲属交配，从而随着时间的发展形成独特的特征和适应性。这个过程促进了我们今天观察到的丰富生物多样性的形成。总之，autotetraploid的概念不仅对理解某些生物的遗传构成至关重要，而且在农业和进化生物学中也发挥着重要作用。随着我们继续探索遗传学的复杂性，autotetraploid生物的影响无疑将塑造未来的研究和农业实践。拥抱围绕多倍体的知识可以为提高作物、保护生物多样性和理解进化机制提供创新解决方案。通过认识到autotetraploid物种的重要性，我们可以欣赏遗传学、生态学与我们星球资源可持续性之间的复杂联系。