protoplast

简明释义

英[ˈprəʊtəˌplæst]美[ˈproʊtəˌplæst]

n. [细胞] 原生质体；原人；原物

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The preparation of monokaryon protoplasts and the screening of protoplast-derived monokaryon strains are important parts in mushroom research and breeding.

研究了利用珍稀食用菌茶树菇双核菌丝进行原生质体分离和再生，以及原生质体单核菌株的筛选过程。

2.The regeneration system of soybean is not perfect because the differentiation of callus tissue and the protoplast regeneration are difficult.

大豆因其愈伤组织难以分化、原生质体再生困难等因素，其再生体系一直不够完善。

3.The results showed that the cellobiose medium and double layer culture method were most suitable for protoplast regeneration of Ganoderma lucidum.

结果表明，纤维二糖培养基及双层培养法比较适合灵芝原生质体再生。

4.It provides scientific basis for the breeding of protoplast fusion of killer yeast.

为嗜杀酵母原生质体融合育种提供了依据。

5.Protoplast fusion is a potential method, by which the target characters, especially ones controlled by multigenes or un-cloned genes, can be transferred.

原生质体融合是转移目标性状，特别是那些多基因控制或尚未克隆目标基因控制的性状的一种很有潜力的方法。

6.Protoplast transformation and homologous chromosomal integration of s erythraea was an important path in changing gene involved in erythromycin biosynthesis.

糖多孢红霉菌的原生质体转化和染色体同源整合，是红霉素生物合成基因改造的重要途径。

7.The result showed that the protoplast of rhizopus and candida can merge each other.

实验发现根霉和酵母有获得糖化力高，又能发酵产生酒香味的融合子的可能。

8.The fermentative characters of the brewer, s yeast protoplast fusant GR8 were studied.

研究了啤酒酵母原生质体融合株GR8的主要发酵特性。

9.The progress in protoplast and its application in fruit breeding are summarized, and the existing problems and application prospects are also discussed.

综述了近年来原生质体技术的研究进展及其在果树育种上的应用，并讨论了原生质体技术存在的问题及应用前景。

10.The scientist isolated the protoplast to study its cellular functions.

科学家分离了原生质体以研究其细胞功能。

11.In plant biotechnology, the fusion of two different protoplasts can create hybrid plants.

在植物生物技术中，两个不同的原生质体的融合可以产生杂交植物。

12.A protoplast is essentially the living part of a plant cell without its cell wall.

原生质体本质上是没有细胞壁的植物细胞的活体部分。

13.Researchers are exploring how to manipulate the protoplast for genetic engineering purposes.

研究人员正在探索如何操控原生质体以用于基因工程。

14.The regeneration of whole plants from protoplasts is a significant achievement in tissue culture.

从原生质体再生整个植物是组织培养中的一项重大成就。

作文

In the field of biology, the term protoplast refers to a living plant or bacterial cell that has had its cell wall removed. This concept is crucial for various scientific studies and applications, particularly in plant genetics and biotechnology. Understanding the protoplast is essential for researchers who aim to manipulate plant cells for improved traits such as disease resistance or increased yield. The protoplast serves as a fundamental unit of life, containing the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles. By removing the rigid cell wall, scientists can gain access to the inner workings of the cell, allowing them to study cellular processes in a more controlled environment. This manipulation opens up numerous possibilities for genetic engineering, where genes can be introduced into the protoplast to produce desired characteristics in plants. One of the most significant applications of protoplast technology is in the fusion of different plant species. Researchers can fuse two different protoplasts to create a hybrid cell that possesses traits from both parent plants. This process, known as protoplast fusion, has led to the development of new plant varieties that can thrive in challenging environmental conditions or resist specific pests. For example, scientists have successfully created hybrids that combine the drought resistance of one species with the high yield of another, thus contributing to food security in arid regions.Moreover, studying protoplasts can provide insights into fundamental biological processes such as cell division, differentiation, and response to environmental stimuli. By observing how protoplasts behave under different conditions, researchers can glean important information about plant physiology and adaptation mechanisms. For instance, understanding how protoplasts react to stress factors like salinity or temperature extremes can help in developing crops that can withstand climate change. However, working with protoplasts also presents challenges. The absence of a cell wall makes these cells more vulnerable to external pressures and changes in their environment. Therefore, maintaining the viability of protoplasts during experiments requires precise conditions, including optimal temperature, humidity, and nutrient supply. This sensitivity can complicate experiments, making it essential for researchers to develop robust protocols for handling and culturing protoplasts. In conclusion, the study of protoplasts is a vital area of research in plant biology and biotechnology. The ability to manipulate these living cells allows scientists to explore new frontiers in genetic engineering, hybridization, and understanding plant responses to environmental challenges. As we continue to face global issues such as food security and climate change, the role of protoplasts in developing resilient and productive crops will undoubtedly become increasingly important. Emphasizing the significance of protoplasts not only enhances our comprehension of plant life but also paves the way for innovative solutions to some of the most pressing challenges in agriculture today.

在生物学领域，术语protoplast指的是一个活的植物或细菌细胞，其细胞壁已被去除。这个概念对于各种科学研究和应用至关重要，特别是在植物遗传学和生物技术领域。理解protoplast对那些旨在操纵植物细胞以改善特性（如抗病性或提高产量）的研究人员至关重要。protoplast作为生命的基本单位，包含细胞膜、细胞质和细胞器。通过去除坚硬的细胞壁，科学家可以访问细胞的内部结构，从而更好地研究细胞过程。这种操控为基因工程打开了无数可能性，可以将基因引入protoplast中，以产生植物所需的特性。protoplast技术最重要的应用之一是不同植物物种的融合。研究人员可以融合两个不同的protoplasts，创造出既具有两个亲本植物特征的杂交细胞。这个过程称为原生质体融合，已经导致新植物品种的发展，这些品种能够在严酷的环境条件下生存或抵抗特定的害虫。例如，科学家们成功创造出将一种物种的抗旱性与另一种的高产量结合的杂交品种，从而为干旱地区的粮食安全做出了贡献。此外，研究protoplasts可以提供关于基本生物过程的重要见解，如细胞分裂、分化和对环境刺激的反应。通过观察protoplasts在不同条件下的行为，研究人员可以获得有关植物生理和适应机制的重要信息。例如，了解protoplasts如何应对盐碱或温度极端等压力因素，可以帮助开发能够抵御气候变化的作物。然而，处理protoplasts也面临挑战。缺乏细胞壁使这些细胞对外部压力和环境变化更加脆弱。因此，在实验中保持protoplasts的活力需要精确的条件，包括最佳的温度、湿度和营养供应。这种敏感性可能会使实验复杂化，因此研究人员必须制定稳健的操作规程，以处理和培养protoplasts。总之，protoplasts的研究是植物生物学和生物技术领域的重要研究方向。操纵这些活细胞的能力使科学家能够探索基因工程、杂交和理解植物对环境挑战的反应的新领域。随着我们继续面临全球性问题，如粮食安全和气候变化，protoplasts在开发韧性和高产作物方面的作用无疑将变得越来越重要。强调protoplasts的重要性不仅增强了我们对植物生命的理解，而且为农业中一些最紧迫挑战的创新解决方案铺平了道路。