primaquine

简明释义

英[ˈpraɪməkwiːn;ˈpriːmə-]美[ˈpraɪməˌkwin]

n. [药] 伯氨喹；首喹

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Objective To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of artemether combined with primaquine in the treatment of falciparum malaria.

目的观察蒿甲醚伍用伯氨喹治疗恶性疟的疗效和副作用。

2.There are lots of regiment to the treatment of P. vivax, this text will summarize the study progress which is directed at the relapse and primaquine to radical treatment of vivax malaria.

国内外对间日疟的治疗有很多方案，本文针对间日疟的复发及伯喹治疗间日疟的研究进展作一综述。

3.There are lots of regiment to the treatment of P. vivax, this text will summarize the study progress which is directed at the relapse and primaquine to radical treatment of vivax malaria.

国内外对间日疟的治疗有很多方案，本文针对间日疟的复发及伯喹治疗间日疟的研究进展作一综述。

4.For example, only primaquine can kill vivax once it has entered the liver.

这句话你的理解是对的，应该是伯氨喹啉只能杀死进入肝脏的疟原虫，我的理解。

5.Patients taking primaquine should be monitored for any side effects.

服用primaquine的患者应监测任何副作用。

6.Research shows that primaquine is effective in preventing relapses of malaria.

研究表明，primaquine在预防疟疾复发方面有效。

7.The doctor prescribed primaquine for the treatment of malaria.

医生开了primaquine来治疗疟疾。

8.The combination of chloroquine and primaquine is often used for malaria treatment.

氯喹和primaquine的组合通常用于治疗疟疾。

9.Before starting primaquine, patients must be screened for G6PD deficiency.

在开始服用primaquine之前，患者必须筛查G6PD缺乏症。

作文

Primaquine is an important medication used primarily in the treatment of malaria, particularly for its ability to target the dormant liver stages of the parasite. Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium species, which can lead to severe illness and even death if not treated effectively. The introduction of drugs like primaquine has significantly improved the management of this disease, especially in regions where malaria is endemic. One of the unique features of primaquine is its effectiveness against hypnozoites, the dormant forms of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale that reside in the liver. This capability is crucial because it helps prevent relapses of malaria, which can occur weeks or months after the initial infection if these dormant forms are not eradicated.The mechanism of action of primaquine involves the disruption of the parasite's mitochondrial function, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species that ultimately kill the parasite. This makes primaquine a vital component of malaria treatment regimens, especially when combined with other antimalarial medications such as chloroquine, which targets the blood stages of the parasite. However, the use of primaquine is not without its challenges. It is essential to screen patients for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency before administering primaquine, as individuals with this condition are at risk of hemolytic anemia when taking the drug. This screening process is critical to ensure patient safety and the effective use of primaquine.Moreover, the global fight against malaria has seen a resurgence of interest in primaquine due to its potential role in eliminating malaria transmission. In areas where malaria is prevalent, the use of primaquine as part of mass drug administration campaigns has shown promise in reducing the incidence of malaria cases. By treating asymptomatic carriers who may harbor the dormant liver stages of the parasite, public health officials aim to break the transmission cycle and reduce the overall burden of malaria in affected communities.In conclusion, primaquine is a cornerstone in the battle against malaria, offering unique benefits that are essential for comprehensive treatment strategies. Its ability to target dormant liver stages, combined with the need for careful patient screening, highlights the importance of understanding both the advantages and limitations of this medication. As researchers continue to explore new ways to combat malaria, primaquine remains a key player in the ongoing efforts to control and eventually eliminate this devastating disease worldwide.

氟喹啉是一种重要的药物，主要用于治疗疟疾，特别是其针对寄生虫休眠肝脏阶段的能力。疟疾是由疟原虫引起的，如果不有效治疗，可能导致严重疾病甚至死亡。像氟喹啉这样的药物的引入显著改善了这种疾病的管理，尤其是在疟疾流行的地区。氟喹啉的一个独特特点是它对潜伏型疟原虫的有效性，这些潜伏型疟原虫是疟原虫vivax和疟原虫ovale的休眠形式，栖息在肝脏中。这种能力至关重要，因为它有助于防止疟疾的复发，如果不消灭这些休眠形式，复发可能会在初次感染后的几周或几个月内发生。氟喹啉的作用机制涉及干扰寄生虫的线粒体功能，导致活性氧物质的产生，最终杀死寄生虫。这使得氟喹啉成为疟疾治疗方案中的重要组成部分，尤其是在与其他抗疟药物如氯喹联合使用时，后者针对寄生虫的血液阶段。然而，氟喹啉的使用并非没有挑战。在给予氟喹啉之前，必须对患者进行葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺乏症的筛查，因为患有这种病症的个体在服用该药物时面临溶血性贫血的风险。这一筛查过程对确保患者安全和有效使用氟喹啉至关重要。此外，全球对抗疟疾的斗争重新引起了对氟喹啉的兴趣，因为它在消除疟疾传播中的潜在作用。在疟疾流行的地区，氟喹啉作为大规模药物管理活动的一部分显示出减少疟疾病例发生率的希望。通过治疗可能携带寄生虫休眠肝脏阶段的无症状携带者，公共卫生官员旨在打破传播循环，减少受影响社区的疟疾总体负担。总之，氟喹啉是抗击疟疾的重要支柱，提供了全面治疗策略所必需的独特益处。其针对休眠肝脏阶段的能力，加上对患者进行仔细筛查的必要性，突显了理解此药物优缺点的重要性。随着研究人员继续探索对抗疟疾的新方法，氟喹啉仍然是控制和最终消除这一对全球造成巨大影响的疾病的关键角色。