variolation

简明释义

英[/ˌvɛr.i.oʊˈleɪ.ʃən/]美[/ˌvɛr.i.oʊˈleɪ.ʃən/]

n. 天花接种

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Unlike Jenner's later vaccination, which used cowpox, variolation used a small measure of smallpox itself.

接种人痘，是直接使用小量的天花，和金纳后来用牛痘接种不同。

2.Unlike Jenner's later vaccination, which used cowpox, variolation used a small measure of smallpox itself.

接种人痘，是直接使用小量的天花，和金纳后来用牛痘接种不同。

3.Smallpox inoculation or variolation is a great invention of medicine in ancient China.

人痘接种预防天花是中国古代医学家的伟大发明。

4.Abstract: Smallpox inoculation or variolation is a great invention of medicine in ancient China.

文摘：人痘接种预防天花是中国古代医学家的伟大发明。

5.The practice of variolation involved inoculating a healthy person with material from a smallpox sore.

进行接种的做法是将健康人接种来自天花伤口的物质。

6.In the 18th century, doctors practiced variolation to protect individuals from smallpox.

在18世纪，医生通过接种来保护个人免受天花的侵害。

7.The concept of variolation laid the groundwork for modern vaccination techniques.

接种的概念为现代疫苗接种技术奠定了基础。

8.Historically, variolation was a method used to induce immunity.

历史上，接种是一种用于诱导免疫的方法。

9.Many people were hesitant about variolation due to the risks involved.

由于涉及的风险，许多人对接种持犹豫态度。

作文

The history of medicine is filled with remarkable discoveries and practices that have shaped our understanding of disease and immunity. One such practice is variolation, a method used in the past to provide immunity against smallpox. Variolation refers to the process of deliberately infecting a person with material taken from a smallpox sore, in hopes that they would develop a mild form of the disease and subsequently acquire immunity. This technique was practiced long before the advent of modern vaccines and played a crucial role in controlling smallpox outbreaks.In the 18th century, variolation gained popularity, particularly in England and America. The practice was introduced to Europe from Asia, where it had been used for centuries. Notable figures such as Lady Mary Wortley Montagu advocated for variolation after witnessing its success in Turkey. She recognized its potential to save lives and brought the technique back to Britain, where it was met with both enthusiasm and skepticism.Despite its effectiveness, variolation was not without risks. The procedure involved exposing individuals to a live strain of the virus, which could lead to severe illness or even death. However, the benefits often outweighed the dangers, especially in communities ravaged by smallpox. As more people underwent variolation, the overall incidence of the disease began to decline significantly.The success of variolation laid the groundwork for the development of the modern vaccine. In 1796, Edward Jenner discovered that cowpox could provide immunity against smallpox. He conducted experiments that demonstrated how exposure to the milder cowpox virus could protect individuals from the more dangerous smallpox virus. This breakthrough marked the beginning of vaccination as we know it today.Today, the concept of variolation serves as a historical reminder of humanity's relentless pursuit of health and safety. While the methods may seem primitive compared to contemporary vaccinations, they represent an essential step in our understanding of immunology. The principles behind variolation are still relevant, as they highlight the importance of controlled exposure to pathogens in developing immunity.As we face new challenges in public health, such as emerging infectious diseases, the lessons learned from variolation can inform our strategies. The ongoing research into vaccines and immunotherapies reflects the enduring legacy of this ancient practice. By studying the successes and failures of variolation, scientists can better understand how to harness the immune system to combat diseases effectively.In conclusion, variolation was a pivotal practice in the history of medicine that contributed significantly to the fight against smallpox. It exemplifies the evolution of medical science and the continuous efforts to improve public health. As we progress into an era of advanced technology and medicine, remembering the roots of practices like variolation can inspire future innovations and foster a deeper appreciation for the complexities of immunity and disease prevention.

医学史上充满了卓越的发现和实践，这些发现和实践塑造了我们对疾病和免疫的理解。其中一种实践是接种，这是一种过去用于提供天花免疫的方法。接种是指故意用来自天花疮的材料感染一个人，以期他们会发展出轻微形式的疾病，从而获得免疫。这种技术在现代疫苗出现之前就已被实施，并在控制天花疫情中发挥了至关重要的作用。在18世纪，接种变得流行，特别是在英格兰和美国。这一做法是从亚洲引入欧洲的，那里已经使用了几个世纪。著名人物玛丽·沃特利·蒙塔古夫人（Lady Mary Wortley Montagu）在目睹其在土耳其的成功后，倡导了接种。她认识到其拯救生命的潜力，并将这一技术带回英国，在那里它既受到热情欢迎，也遭到怀疑。尽管接种有效，但也并非没有风险。这一过程涉及将个体暴露于活病毒株，这可能导致严重疾病甚至死亡。然而，尤其是在天花肆虐的社区中，利益往往超过了危险。随着越来越多的人接受接种，该疾病的总体发生率开始显著下降。接种的成功为现代疫苗的发展奠定了基础。1796年，爱德华·詹纳（Edward Jenner）发现牛痘可以提供对天花的免疫。他进行实验，证明暴露于温和的牛痘病毒可以保护个体免受更危险的天花病毒的侵害。这一突破标志着现代疫苗接种的开始。如今，接种的概念作为人类不懈追求健康与安全的历史提醒依然存在。虽然这些方法相比当代疫苗似乎显得原始，但它们代表了我们对免疫学理解的重要一步。接种背后的原则仍然适用，因为它们强调了在开发免疫时对病原体进行控制暴露的重要性。面对公共卫生的新挑战，如新兴传染病，接种所教给我们的经验可以为我们的策略提供指导。对疫苗和免疫疗法的持续研究反映了这一古老实践的持久遗产。通过研究接种的成功与失败，科学家能够更好地理解如何有效利用免疫系统对抗疾病。总之，接种是医学史上一个关键的实践，对抗击天花做出了重要贡献。它典范了医学科学的演变以及不断改善公共健康的努力。随着我们进入一个先进技术和医学的时代，铭记像接种这样的实践的根源，可以激励未来的创新，并加深我们对免疫和疾病预防复杂性的欣赏。