cementite

简明释义

英[sɪˈmentaɪt]美[sɪˈmenˌtaɪt]

n. [材] 渗碳体，碳化铁

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Above this point the hardness can be increased only slightly, because steels above the eutectoid point are made up entirely of pearlite and cementite in the annealed state.

高于此点，由于超过共析点钢完全由珠光体和退火状态的渗碳体组成，硬度增加并不多。

2.During the tempering process, the austenite in bainite decomposed into ferrite and cementite by diffusion transformation.

在回火过程中，贝氏体中的奥氏体以扩散转变方式分解为铁素体和渗碳体。

3.By altering the furnace pressure rapidly, baneful gases, such as oxygen and vapour, could be eliminated from the chamber. Therefore, cementite and nitriding processes are accelerated.

改变炉压可迅速排除炉膛内氧、水蒸气等有害气体，可加速渗碳、渗氮过程。

4.Since this chemical separation of the carbon component occurs entirely in the solid state, the resulting structure is a fine mechanical mixture of ferrite and cementite.

由于这种碳成分的化学分离完全发生在固态中，产生的组织结构是一种细致的铁素体与渗碳体的机械混合物。

5.The high temperature anti-cementite infrared glaze is a new type of high temperature anti-cementite and corrosion resistant infrared radiative material with non-crystal structure.

高温抗渗碳红外釉料是一种非晶态结构的高温、抗渗碳、耐腐蚀的新型红外辐射材料。

6.A metastable aggregate of ferrite and cementite resulting from the transformation of austenite at temperatures below the pearlite but above the marten site start temperature.

一种亚稳态铁酸盐和碳化铁集合体，由奥氏体在低于珠光体温度但高于马氏体初温时变性而形成。

7.So the diamond growth up depends on the consumption of original cementite.

金刚石的生长通过对初生渗碳体的消耗得以进行。

8.During the heat treatment process, cementite can form and affect the material properties.

在热处理过程中，水泥石可能会形成并影响材料性质。

9.The presence of cementite in steel significantly increases its hardness.

钢中存在的水泥石显著增加了其硬度。

10.In cast iron, the amount of cementite determines its machinability.

在铸铁中，水泥石的含量决定了其加工性。

11.Metallurgists study the microstructure of cementite to improve steel formulations.

冶金学家研究水泥石的微观结构，以改善钢的配方。

12.The transformation of austenite to cementite is crucial in steel hardening.

奥氏体转变为水泥石在钢硬化中至关重要。

作文

Cementite, also known as iron carbide, is a crucial component in the study of metallurgy and materials science. It is represented chemically as Fe3C and plays a significant role in the properties of steel and cast iron. Understanding the formation and characteristics of cementite can help engineers and metallurgists design better materials for various applications.The formation of cementite occurs during the cooling process of molten iron or steel. As the temperature decreases, carbon atoms dissolve in the iron matrix until a certain limit is reached. Beyond this limit, excess carbon combines with iron to form cementite. This compound is hard and brittle, which contributes to the overall hardness of steel but may also lead to reduced ductility. Therefore, the presence of cementite in steel is a double-edged sword; it enhances hardness while potentially compromising toughness.In the context of the iron-carbon phase diagram, cementite exists in a variety of forms depending on the carbon content. For instance, in low-carbon steels, cementite appears as small particles dispersed within a ferrite matrix. In contrast, high-carbon steels may contain larger concentrations of cementite, leading to a more complex microstructure. The manipulation of cementite content through heat treatment processes such as quenching and tempering allows metallurgists to tailor the mechanical properties of steel to meet specific requirements.One of the most important aspects of cementite is its impact on the hardness and wear resistance of steel. The presence of cementite significantly increases the hardness of the material, making it suitable for applications where wear resistance is critical, such as cutting tools, gears, and bearings. However, engineers must also consider the trade-off between hardness and brittleness when designing components that will experience dynamic loads.Another area where cementite plays a significant role is in the heat treatment of steel. Processes like normalizing, annealing, and hardening intentionally alter the distribution and amount of cementite within the steel. For example, during the tempering process, cementite can precipitate out from the austenite phase, leading to a reduction in brittleness and an increase in toughness. This ability to modify the microstructure through controlled heat treatment is vital for producing high-performance steel alloys.In conclusion, cementite is a fundamental aspect of materials science and metallurgy, influencing the mechanical properties of steel and cast iron. Its formation, distribution, and behavior under different thermal treatments are essential for engineers and metallurgists who strive to create materials that meet specific performance criteria. By understanding cementite, professionals in the field can innovate and improve the materials used in countless applications, from everyday products to advanced engineering solutions.

水泥石，也称为铁碳化物，是冶金学和材料科学研究中的一个关键组成部分。它的化学式为Fe3C，在钢铁和铸铁的性质中起着重要作用。理解水泥石的形成和特性可以帮助工程师和冶金学家设计出更好的材料，以适应各种应用。水泥石的形成发生在熔融铁或钢的冷却过程中。当温度降低时，碳原子在铁基体中溶解直到达到某个极限。超过这个极限后，过量的碳与铁结合形成水泥石。这种化合物硬而脆，增加了钢的整体硬度，但也可能导致延展性降低。因此，水泥石在钢中的存在是一把双刃剑；它提高了硬度，同时可能妨碍韧性。在铁碳相图的背景下，水泥石根据碳含量的不同以多种形式存在。例如，在低碳钢中，水泥石以小颗粒的形式分散在铁素体基体中。相反，高碳钢可能含有较大浓度的水泥石，导致微观结构更为复杂。通过淬火和回火等热处理过程操控水泥石的含量，冶金学家可以根据特定要求调整钢的机械性能。水泥石的一个重要方面是它对钢的硬度和耐磨性的影响。水泥石的存在显著增加了材料的硬度，使其适用于切削工具、齿轮和轴承等对耐磨性要求严格的应用。然而，工程师在设计会经历动态负载的组件时，也必须考虑硬度与脆性之间的权衡。水泥石还在钢的热处理过程中发挥着重要作用。正态化、退火和淬火等工艺故意改变水泥石在钢中的分布和数量。例如，在回火过程中，水泥石可以从奥氏体相中析出，导致脆性降低和韧性增加。这种通过控制热处理修改微观结构的能力，对于生产高性能钢合金至关重要。总之，水泥石是材料科学和冶金学的基本方面，影响着钢和铸铁的机械性能。它的形成、分布以及在不同热处理下的行为对于努力创造满足特定性能标准的材料的工程师和冶金学家来说至关重要。通过了解水泥石，该领域的专业人士可以创新并改善用于无数应用的材料，从日常产品到先进的工程解决方案。