brittle failure

简明释义

1. 脆性破坏; 2. 脆性失败; 3. 脆坏; 4. 脆裂;

英英释义

例句

1.The engineer explained that the bridge experienced brittle failure 脆性破坏 due to a sudden temperature drop.

工程师解释说，桥梁因温度骤降而经历了brittle failure 脆性破坏。

2.In materials science, brittle failure 脆性破坏 occurs without significant deformation.

在材料科学中，brittle failure 脆性破坏发生时几乎没有显著变形。

3.The team conducted tests to understand how brittle failure 脆性破坏 could be prevented in ceramics.

团队进行了测试，以了解如何防止陶瓷中的brittle failure 脆性破坏。

4.After the inspection, it was clear that the pipe had suffered brittle failure 脆性破坏 due to age.

检查后，很明显管道因老化而遭受了brittle failure 脆性破坏。

5.The sudden breakage of the glass was attributed to brittle failure 脆性破坏 caused by internal stresses.

玻璃的突然破裂归因于由内部应力引起的brittle failure 脆性破坏。

作文

In the field of materials science and engineering, understanding the concept of brittle failure is crucial for ensuring the safety and longevity of structures and components. Brittle failure refers to a type of fracture that occurs without significant plastic deformation. This means that materials can break suddenly and catastrophically under stress, often with little or no warning. Unlike ductile materials, which can undergo considerable deformation before failure, brittle materials tend to snap or shatter when they reach their limit. This characteristic makes brittle failure particularly dangerous in various applications, such as construction, aerospace, and automotive industries.To illustrate the implications of brittle failure, consider the case of a bridge constructed with concrete. Concrete is known for its compressive strength but is relatively weak in tension. If the load on the bridge exceeds a certain threshold, the concrete may experience brittle failure, leading to a sudden collapse. This scenario highlights the importance of proper design and material selection in engineering practices. Engineers must account for potential brittle failure by incorporating safety factors and using materials that exhibit ductile properties where necessary.Another example can be found in the realm of metals. Many metals, when subjected to low temperatures, can become more susceptible to brittle failure. For instance, steel used in pipelines can experience brittle failure if the temperature drops significantly, resulting in catastrophic leaks or ruptures. This phenomenon emphasizes the need for materials to be tested under various environmental conditions to predict their performance accurately.The study of brittle failure also extends to the manufacturing process. During production, certain processes can introduce flaws or defects in materials, making them more prone to brittle failure. For instance, if a metal is welded improperly, it may develop micro-cracks that can propagate under stress, leading to failure. Therefore, quality control measures are essential to minimize the risk of brittle failure in finished products.Moreover, advancements in technology have allowed engineers to develop new materials and composites that reduce the likelihood of brittle failure. For example, fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) are increasingly being used in construction due to their enhanced toughness and resistance to cracking. These materials can absorb energy better than traditional materials, thus reducing the risk of sudden failure.In summary, brittle failure is a critical concept in materials science that has significant implications for safety and reliability in various industries. Understanding the mechanisms behind brittle failure enables engineers and scientists to design safer structures and develop materials that can withstand unexpected stresses. By acknowledging the risks associated with brittle failure, professionals can implement strategies to mitigate these dangers, ensuring the integrity of their projects and the safety of the public. As we continue to innovate and push the boundaries of material science, the lessons learned from studying brittle failure will undoubtedly play a vital role in shaping the future of engineering and technology.

在材料科学和工程领域，理解脆性断裂的概念对于确保结构和组件的安全性和耐久性至关重要。脆性断裂是指在没有显著塑性变形的情况下发生的一种断裂类型。这意味着材料在受到应力时可能会突然和灾难性地断裂，通常几乎没有任何警告。与可以在断裂前经历相当大变形的韧性材料不同，脆性材料在达到极限时往往会断裂或破碎。这一特性使得脆性断裂在建筑、航空航天和汽车工业等各种应用中尤为危险。为了说明脆性断裂的影响，考虑一个用混凝土建造的桥梁的案例。混凝土以其抗压强度而闻名，但在拉伸方面相对较弱。如果桥梁上的负载超过某个阈值，混凝土可能会经历脆性断裂，导致突然崩溃。这种情况突显了在工程实践中适当设计和材料选择的重要性。工程师必须通过引入安全系数并在必要时使用表现出韧性特性的材料来考虑潜在的脆性断裂。另一个例子可以在金属领域找到。许多金属在低温下受到影响，更容易发生脆性断裂。例如，管道中使用的钢材如果温度显著下降，可能会经历脆性断裂，导致灾难性的泄漏或破裂。这一现象强调了在各种环境条件下对材料进行测试的必要性，以准确预测其性能。对脆性断裂的研究还扩展到制造过程。在生产过程中，某些工艺可能会在材料中引入缺陷或缺陷，使其更容易发生脆性断裂。例如，如果金属焊接不当，可能会产生微裂纹，在应力下传播，导致断裂。因此，质量控制措施对于减少成品中脆性断裂的风险至关重要。此外，技术的进步使工程师能够开发出新材料和复合材料，从而降低脆性断裂的可能性。例如，纤维增强聚合物（FRP）由于其增强的韧性和抗裂性，越来越多地用于建筑。这些材料比传统材料更能吸收能量，从而降低突然断裂的风险。总之，脆性断裂是材料科学中的一个关键概念，对各个行业的安全性和可靠性具有重大影响。理解脆性断裂背后的机制使工程师和科学家能够设计更安全的结构并开发能够承受意外应力的材料。通过承认与脆性断裂相关的风险，专业人员可以实施策略来减轻这些危险，确保其项目的完整性和公众的安全。随着我们不断创新并推动材料科学的边界，从研究脆性断裂中获得的教训无疑将在塑造工程和技术的未来中发挥重要作用。