Bragg rotating crystal method

简明释义

布拉格旋转晶伐法;

英英释义

例句

1.In our laboratory, the Bragg rotating crystal method is essential for determining the orientation of crystals.

在我们的实验室中，布拉格旋转晶体法对于确定晶体的取向至关重要。

2.The researchers used the Bragg rotating crystal method to analyze the crystal structure of the new material.

研究人员使用布拉格旋转晶体法分析新材料的晶体结构。

3.Using the Bragg rotating crystal method, we discovered a new phase in the compound.

使用布拉格旋转晶体法，我们在化合物中发现了一个新相。

4.The Bragg rotating crystal method allows scientists to measure the lattice parameters of materials accurately.

布拉格旋转晶体法使科学家能够准确测量材料的晶格参数。

5.By applying the Bragg rotating crystal method, we can achieve high-resolution diffraction patterns.

通过应用布拉格旋转晶体法，我们可以获得高分辨率的衍射图案。

作文

The field of crystallography has always been a cornerstone in the study of solid materials, providing invaluable insights into their atomic structure and properties. One of the most significant advancements in this field is the development of the Bragg rotating crystal method, which has revolutionized the way scientists analyze crystalline substances. This technique, named after the renowned physicist William Lawrence Bragg, allows for precise determination of crystal structures by utilizing X-ray diffraction. The Bragg rotating crystal method involves rotating a single crystal sample while simultaneously directing X-rays at it. As the crystal rotates, the angles at which constructive interference occurs can be measured, leading to valuable information about the arrangement of atoms within the crystal lattice.Understanding the Bragg rotating crystal method requires a grasp of some fundamental concepts in physics and materials science. At its core, the method relies on Bragg's Law, which states that constructive interference of X-rays scattered by the crystal planes occurs at specific angles. This law can be mathematically expressed as nλ = 2d sin θ, where n is an integer, λ is the wavelength of the X-rays, d is the distance between crystal planes, and θ is the angle of incidence. By systematically varying the angle of the incident X-rays while the crystal is rotated, researchers can obtain a complete diffraction pattern, which is crucial for determining the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in the crystal.The versatility of the Bragg rotating crystal method has made it applicable in various scientific disciplines, including chemistry, biology, and materials science. For instance, in the field of drug design, understanding the crystal structure of biological macromolecules such as proteins can lead to the development of more effective pharmaceuticals. By employing the Bragg rotating crystal method, researchers can elucidate the binding sites of drugs, thereby optimizing their efficacy and reducing side effects.Moreover, the Bragg rotating crystal method is not limited to studying small molecules; it can also be used to investigate larger, more complex structures. In materials science, for example, this technique can help in the analysis of metals, alloys, and nanomaterials. By understanding how these materials are structured at the atomic level, scientists can tailor their properties for specific applications, such as improving the strength of materials or enhancing their conductivity.Despite its advantages, the Bragg rotating crystal method does come with certain limitations. For instance, the requirement for high-quality single crystals can pose a challenge, as many materials may not crystallize easily or may form polycrystalline samples instead. Additionally, the method may not be as effective for studying disordered systems or amorphous materials, where the lack of long-range order complicates the analysis.In conclusion, the Bragg rotating crystal method represents a pivotal technique in the realm of crystallography, enabling scientists to gain profound insights into the atomic structures of various materials. Its applications span across multiple fields, from drug discovery to materials engineering, underscoring its importance in advancing our understanding of the natural world. As technology continues to evolve, it is likely that the Bragg rotating crystal method will be further refined and adapted, paving the way for new discoveries and innovations in science and industry.

晶体学领域一直是固体材料研究的基石，为其原子结构和性质提供了宝贵的见解。其中一个最重要的进展是
布拉格旋转晶体法的开发，它彻底改变了科学家分析晶体物质的方式。这一技术以著名物理学家威廉·劳伦斯·布拉格的名字命名，通过利用X射线衍射，允许精确确定晶体结构。布拉格旋转晶体法涉及在同时向其发射X射线的情况下旋转单晶样品。当晶体旋转时，可以测量发生构造干涉的角度，从而获得关于晶格中原子排列的宝贵信息。理解布拉格旋转晶体法需要掌握一些物理和材料科学的基本概念。该方法的核心依赖于布拉格定律，该定律指出，散射由晶体平面引起的X射线在特定角度下会发生构造干涉。该定律可以用数学表达式nλ = 2d sin θ表示，其中n是整数，λ是X射线的波长，d是晶体平面之间的距离，θ是入射角。通过系统地改变入射X射线的角度，同时旋转晶体，研究人员可以获得完整的衍射图案，这对于确定晶体中原子的三维排列至关重要。布拉格旋转晶体法的多功能性使其在化学、生物学和材料科学等多个科学学科中得到了应用。例如，在药物设计领域，了解生物大分子如蛋白质的晶体结构可以导致更有效的药物开发。通过采用布拉格旋转晶体法，研究人员可以阐明药物的结合位点，从而优化其效力并减少副作用。此外，布拉格旋转晶体法不仅限于研究小分子；它还可以用于研究更大、更复杂的结构。在材料科学中，例如，这一技术可以帮助分析金属、合金和纳米材料。通过了解这些材料在原子级别的结构，科学家可以为特定应用定制其性能，例如提高材料的强度或增强其导电性。尽管有其优势，布拉格旋转晶体法也存在某些局限性。例如，对高质量单晶的要求可能会带来挑战，因为许多材料可能不易结晶或可能形成多晶样品。此外，该方法在研究无序系统或非晶材料时可能效果不佳，因为缺乏长程有序性会使分析复杂化。总之，布拉格旋转晶体法代表了晶体学领域的一个关键技术，使科学家能够深入了解各种材料的原子结构。它的应用跨越多个领域，从药物发现到材料工程，强调了它在推进我们对自然世界理解中的重要性。随着技术的不断发展，布拉格旋转晶体法可能会进一步得到完善和适应，为科学和工业中的新发现和创新铺平道路。