muscarinic

简明释义

英[/ˌmʌs.kəˈrɪ.nɪk/]美[/ˌmʌs.kəˈrɪ.nɪk/]

adj. 毒蕈碱的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Objective to investigate the expression of 5 muscarinic receptor subtypes in the scleral tissue of immature guinea pigs.

目的探讨正常幼龄豚鼠眼巩膜组织毒蕈碱受体五种亚型的表达。

2.Objective to produce a new type of dementia model so as to examine the functional change of learning and memory, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor density, and effect of ZMS-active component of Zhimu.

目的制造一种新的大鼠痴呆模型，考察模型大鼠学习、记忆和M受体密度的变化，以及知母有效成分知母皂甙元(ZMS)的影响。

3.Anticholinergics act by blocking muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle of the airways and inhibiting vagal tone.

抗胆碱药作用于气道平滑肌上的特定毒蕈碱受体，以抑制迷走张力。

4.Included here are drugs that directly stimulate muscarinic receptors and drugs that potentiate cholinergic activity, usually by slowing the breakdown of acetylcholine (CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS).

包括直接兴奋毒蕈碱受体的药物和(胆碱酯酶抑制剂)。

5.Objective to observe the effect of inhaled ipratropium bromide on airway and lung tissue muscarinic receptors (MR) in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

目的观察吸入溴化异丙托品对大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)模型气道和肺组织m受体的影响及其规律。

6.Objective to produce a new type of dementia model so as to examine the functional change of learning and memory, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor density, and effect of ZMS-active component of Zhimu.

目的制造一种新的大鼠痴呆模型，考察模型大鼠学习、记忆和M受体密度的变化，以及知母有效成分知母皂甙元(ZMS)的影响。

7.Patients with asthma may benefit from muscarinic antagonists that help open the airways.

患有哮喘的患者可能会从胆碱能拮抗剂中受益，这些药物有助于打开气道。

8.Anticholinergic drugs block muscarinic receptors to reduce secretions during surgery.

抗胆碱药物通过阻断胆碱能受体来减少手术过程中的分泌物。

9.Certain toxins can overstimulate muscarinic receptors, leading to severe symptoms.

某些毒素可以过度刺激胆碱能受体，导致严重症状。

10.The research focused on how muscarinic receptors influence memory and learning.

研究集中在胆碱能受体如何影响记忆和学习。

11.The drug is a selective antagonist of the muscarinic receptors, which are involved in many bodily functions.

这种药物是胆碱能受体的选择性拮抗剂，涉及许多生理功能。

作文

The term muscarinic refers to a specific type of receptor in the body that is primarily associated with the parasympathetic nervous system. These receptors are named after muscarine, a compound derived from the mushroom Amanita muscaria, which activates these receptors similarly to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Understanding the role of muscarinic receptors is crucial for grasping how our bodies regulate various physiological processes. In the human body, muscarinic receptors are found in multiple tissues, including the heart, smooth muscles, and glands. They play a vital role in controlling heart rate, digestion, and other involuntary functions. For instance, when acetylcholine binds to muscarinic receptors in the heart, it generally causes a decrease in heart rate, promoting a state of rest and digest. This is in stark contrast to the effects of adrenergic receptors, which are activated during the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate and energy expenditure.There are five known subtypes of muscarinic receptors, labeled M1 to M5. Each subtype has distinct functions and locations within the body. For example, M1 receptors are predominantly found in the central nervous system and play a role in cognitive functions, while M2 receptors are mainly located in the heart. The diversity of muscarinic receptors allows for a wide range of physiological effects, making them a significant focus of pharmacological research.Pharmaceuticals targeting muscarinic receptors can have therapeutic benefits for various conditions. Anticholinergic drugs, which block the action of acetylcholine at these receptors, are often used to treat respiratory disorders such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). By inhibiting muscarinic receptors in the airways, these medications can help to relax the muscles and open up the air passages, making it easier for patients to breathe.Conversely, drugs that stimulate muscarinic receptors can be beneficial in treating conditions like dry mouth or certain types of glaucoma. For instance, pilocarpine is a medication that acts on muscarinic receptors to increase saliva production and reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients. This highlights the therapeutic potential of manipulating muscarinic receptor activity in clinical settings.Despite their benefits, the modulation of muscarinic receptors can also lead to side effects, especially when drugs are not used appropriately. Overstimulation of these receptors can cause excessive salivation, sweating, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Therefore, understanding the balance of muscarinic receptor activity is essential for effective treatment outcomes.In conclusion, muscarinic receptors are integral components of the parasympathetic nervous system, influencing a wide array of bodily functions. Their diverse subtypes allow for targeted therapeutic interventions, making them a critical area of study in pharmacology. As research continues to unveil the complexities of muscarinic receptors, we can anticipate the development of more effective treatments for various health conditions, ultimately improving patient care and quality of life.

术语muscarinic指的是身体中一种特定类型的受体，主要与副交感神经系统相关。这些受体以毒蝇伞蘑菇（Amanita muscaria）中提取的化合物毒蕈碱命名，它以类似神经递质乙酰胆碱的方式激活这些受体。理解muscarinic受体的作用对于掌握我们身体如何调节各种生理过程至关重要。在人类身体中，muscarinic受体存在于多种组织中，包括心脏、平滑肌和腺体。它们在控制心率、消化和其他自主功能方面发挥着重要作用。例如，当乙酰胆碱与心脏中的muscarinic受体结合时，通常会导致心率降低，促进休息和消化状态。这与在战斗或逃跑反应中激活的肾上腺能受体形成鲜明对比，后者增加心率和能量消耗。已知有五种类型的muscarinic受体，标记为M1到M5。每种亚型在身体内具有不同的功能和位置。例如，M1受体主要存在于中枢神经系统，参与认知功能，而M2受体主要位于心脏。muscarinic受体的多样性使其能够产生广泛的生理效应，使其成为药理研究的重点。针对muscarinic受体的药物可以对各种疾病产生治疗效果。抗胆碱药物通过阻止乙酰胆碱在这些受体上的作用，常用于治疗哮喘或慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）等呼吸系统疾病。通过抑制气道中的muscarinic受体，这些药物可以帮助放松肌肉，打开气道，使患者更容易呼吸。相反，刺激muscarinic受体的药物在治疗干口症或某些类型青光眼方面可能是有益的。例如，匹罗卡品是一种作用于muscarinic受体的药物，可以增加唾液分泌并降低青光眼患者的眼内压力。这突显了在临床环境中操控muscarinic受体活性的治疗潜力。尽管它们有益，但对muscarinic受体的调节也可能导致副作用，尤其是在药物不当使用时。过度刺激这些受体可能导致唾液分泌过多、出汗和胃肠道不适。因此，理解muscarinic受体活性的平衡对于有效的治疗结果至关重要。总之，muscarinic受体是副交感神经系统的组成部分，影响着广泛的身体功能。它们的多样亚型允许针对性的治疗干预，使其成为药理学研究的关键领域。随着研究不断揭示muscarinic受体的复杂性，我们可以期待开发出更有效的治疗各种健康问题的方法，从而最终改善患者护理和生活质量。