basinal subsidence

简明释义

盆形沉陷;

英英释义

例句

1.The study of basinal subsidence reveals important information about the geological history of the region.

对基盆沉降的研究揭示了该地区地质历史的重要信息。

2.Geologists often analyze basinal subsidence to understand sedimentary processes in ancient environments.

地质学家常常分析基盆沉降以了解古代环境中的沉积过程。

3.Researchers are investigating how basinal subsidence affects local ecosystems and biodiversity.

研究人员正在调查基盆沉降如何影响当地生态系统和生物多样性。

4.In oil exploration, identifying areas of basinal subsidence can indicate potential hydrocarbon reservoirs.

在石油勘探中，识别基盆沉降区域可以指示潜在的碳氢化合物储层。

5.The phenomenon of basinal subsidence is critical for understanding the formation of sedimentary basins.

理解基盆沉降现象对于理解沉积盆地的形成至关重要。

作文

In the study of geology, the term basinal subsidence refers to the process by which a basin, typically a sedimentary basin, sinks or subsides over time. This phenomenon is crucial in understanding the formation of various geological structures and the accumulation of sediments within these basins. The process of basinal subsidence can be influenced by several factors, including tectonic movements, sediment loading, and thermal contraction of the Earth’s crust. As the basin subsides, it creates space for sediments to accumulate, which can lead to the development of significant geological formations such as oil and gas reservoirs.One of the primary drivers of basinal subsidence is tectonic activity. When tectonic plates move, they can create rifts or depressions in the Earth's crust. These areas become basins that can trap sediments over millions of years. For instance, the Gulf of Mexico is a well-known location where extensive basinal subsidence has occurred, leading to the formation of rich petroleum deposits. The weight of the accumulated sediments causes further subsidence, which can enhance the trapping of hydrocarbons beneath impermeable rock layers.Another factor that contributes to basinal subsidence is sediment loading. As rivers and streams transport sediments into a basin, the increasing weight can cause the underlying crust to sink. This process is often observed in deltaic environments, where large volumes of sediment are deposited at river mouths. Over time, this sediment accumulation results in a gradual lowering of the land surface, which can have significant implications for local ecosystems and human activities.Thermal contraction also plays a role in basinal subsidence. As the Earth cools, certain areas of the crust may contract, leading to a decrease in elevation. This process can be particularly pronounced in regions that have experienced volcanic activity or where there has been significant geothermal heating. Understanding the interplay between thermal contraction and other subsidence mechanisms is essential for predicting future geological changes in a given area.The implications of basinal subsidence extend beyond geological interest; they also have practical applications in fields such as oil and gas exploration, environmental science, and urban planning. For example, geologists and geophysicists use models of basinal subsidence to identify potential sites for drilling, ensuring that resources are extracted efficiently and sustainably.Moreover, understanding basinal subsidence is vital for assessing risks associated with natural disasters. In coastal regions, subsiding land can increase vulnerability to flooding and erosion, impacting communities and infrastructure. By studying the patterns of subsidence, scientists can develop better strategies for mitigation and adaptation, ultimately safeguarding both people and the environment.In conclusion, basinal subsidence is a fundamental concept in geology that encompasses various processes leading to the sinking of sedimentary basins. By examining the factors that contribute to this phenomenon, we gain valuable insights into the Earth's geological history and its future. Whether through tectonic activity, sediment loading, or thermal contraction, the effects of basinal subsidence are far-reaching, influencing not only geological formations but also human activities and environmental conditions.

在地质学研究中，术语基底沉降指的是一个盆地，通常是沉积盆地，随着时间的推移而下沉或沉降的过程。这一现象对于理解各种地质结构的形成以及这些盆地内沉积物的积累至关重要。基底沉降的过程可能受到多种因素的影响，包括构造运动、沉积物负荷和地球地壳的热收缩。随着盆地的沉降，它为沉积物的积累创造了空间，这可能导致重大地质构造的发展，例如油气储层。基底沉降的主要驱动因素之一是构造活动。当构造板块运动时，它们可以在地壳中形成裂缝或凹陷。这些区域成为盆地，可以在数百万年内捕获沉积物。例如，墨西哥湾是一个广为人知的地点，在这里发生了广泛的基底沉降，导致丰富的石油储备的形成。积累的沉积物的重量会导致进一步的沉降，这可能增强不可渗透岩层下的碳氢化合物的捕集。沉积物负荷也是导致基底沉降的一个因素。当河流和溪流将沉积物运输到盆地时，增加的重量会导致下方的地壳下沉。这一过程通常在三角洲环境中观察到，在那里大量的沉积物在河口沉积。随着时间的推移，这种沉积物的积累导致土地表面的逐渐降低，这可能对当地生态系统和人类活动产生重大影响。热收缩也在基底沉降中发挥作用。随着地球的冷却，某些地区的地壳可能会收缩，导致海拔降低。这一过程在经历过火山活动或存在显著地热加热的地区尤为明显。理解热收缩与其他沉降机制之间的相互作用对于预测特定区域未来的地质变化至关重要。基底沉降的影响超出了地质学的兴趣；它们在石油和天然气勘探、环境科学和城市规划等领域也具有实际应用。例如，地质学家和地球物理学家利用基底沉降模型来识别潜在的钻探地点，确保资源的高效和可持续开采。此外，了解基底沉降对于评估与自然灾害相关的风险至关重要。在沿海地区，下沉的土地可能增加洪水和侵蚀的脆弱性，影响社区和基础设施。通过研究沉降模式，科学家可以制定更好的减缓和适应策略，最终保护人类和环境。总之，基底沉降是地质学中的一个基本概念，涵盖了导致沉积盆地下沉的各种过程。通过考察促成这一现象的因素，我们获得了对地球地质历史及其未来的宝贵见解。无论是通过构造活动、沉积物负荷还是热收缩，基底沉降的影响都是深远的，不仅影响地质构造，还影响人类活动和环境条件。