basic hydrolysis

简明释义

1. 碱水解; 2. 碱性水解;

英英释义

例句

1.In environmental chemistry, basic hydrolysis helps in breaking down pollutants.

在环境化学中，碱性水解有助于分解污染物。

2.The reaction mechanism of basic hydrolysis involves nucleophilic attack by hydroxide ions.

碱性水解的反应机制涉及氢氧根离子的亲核攻击。

3.The process of basic hydrolysis is often used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.

在制药合成中，碱性水解的过程常常被使用。

4.We studied the effects of temperature on basic hydrolysis rates in lab experiments.

我们在实验室实验中研究了温度对碱性水解速率的影响。

5.During basic hydrolysis, esters can be converted into alcohols and carboxylate ions.

在碱性水解过程中，酯可以转化为醇和羧酸根离子。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, various reactions play crucial roles in understanding the behavior of substances. One such reaction is basic hydrolysis, which refers to the chemical process where a compound reacts with water in the presence of a base, resulting in the breakdown of the original compound. This reaction is significant in both organic and inorganic chemistry, impacting numerous applications from industrial processes to biological systems.To elaborate further, basic hydrolysis typically involves the interaction of water molecules with ionic or covalent bonds within a compound. When a base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is present, it can facilitate the reaction by providing hydroxide ions (OH⁻). These hydroxide ions attack the electrophilic centers of the substrate, leading to the cleavage of bonds and the formation of new products.A common example of basic hydrolysis is the saponification process, where triglycerides react with a strong base to produce glycerol and soap. In this case, the ester bonds in the triglycerides are hydrolyzed by the hydroxide ions, showcasing how basic hydrolysis can be utilized to create useful products from fats and oils. This reaction not only highlights the utility of basic hydrolysis but also its importance in the production of everyday items like soap.Moreover, basic hydrolysis is not limited to organic compounds. It also plays a role in the hydrolysis of inorganic salts. For instance, when sodium acetate dissolves in water, it undergoes basic hydrolysis, resulting in the formation of acetic acid and hydroxide ions. This reaction can influence the pH of solutions, making it essential in various chemical applications, including buffer solutions and titrations.Understanding basic hydrolysis is also critical in biological contexts. Many biochemical pathways involve hydrolytic reactions, where enzymes catalyze the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones. For example, during digestion, enzymes like lipases and proteases facilitate the hydrolysis of fats and proteins, respectively. These processes ensure that nutrients are available for absorption, demonstrating how basic hydrolysis is vital for life.In conclusion, basic hydrolysis is a fundamental chemical reaction that has far-reaching implications in various fields. Whether in industrial applications, environmental chemistry, or biological systems, the ability of compounds to undergo hydrolysis in the presence of a base is crucial for many processes. As we continue to explore the intricacies of chemical reactions, the significance of basic hydrolysis remains a key area of study, offering insights into both theoretical concepts and practical applications in our daily lives.

碱性水解是化学领域中的一种重要反应，指的是在碱的存在下，化合物与水反应，导致原始化合物的分解。这种反应在有机和无机化学中都具有重要意义，影响着从工业过程到生物系统的众多应用。进一步阐述，碱性水解通常涉及水分子与化合物内的离子或共价键的相互作用。当强碱（如氢氧化钠）存在时，它可以通过提供氢氧根离子（OH⁻）来促进反应。这些氢氧根离子攻击底物的亲电中心，导致键的断裂和新产物的形成。碱性水解的一个常见例子是皂化过程，其中甘油三酯与强碱反应，生成甘油和肥皂。在这种情况下，甘油三酯中的酯键被氢氧根离子水解，展示了如何利用碱性水解从脂肪和油中生产出有用的产品。这个反应不仅突显了碱性水解的实用性，也表明了其在日常用品（如肥皂）生产中的重要性。此外，碱性水解并不限于有机化合物。它在无机盐的水解中也起着重要作用。例如，当醋酸钠溶解在水中时，它会经历碱性水解，生成醋酸和氢氧根离子。这个反应可以影响溶液的pH值，使其在各种化学应用中至关重要，包括缓冲溶液和滴定。理解碱性水解在生物背景下也至关重要。许多生化途径涉及水解反应，其中酶催化复杂分子分解为更简单的分子。例如，在消化过程中，脂肪酶和蛋白酶等酶促进脂肪和蛋白质的水解。这些过程确保营养物质可被吸收，展示了碱性水解对生命的重要性。总之，碱性水解是一种基本的化学反应，在各个领域都有深远的影响。无论是在工业应用、环境化学还是生物系统中，化合物在碱的存在下发生水解的能力对许多过程至关重要。随着我们继续探索化学反应的复杂性，碱性水解的重要性仍然是一个关键的研究领域，为我们日常生活中的理论概念和实际应用提供了深入的见解。