base surge

简明释义

1. 底部涌浪; 2. 底部风暴; 3. 底涌云; 4. 基底岩涌;

英英释义

例句

1.During the field trip, we observed a base surge phenomenon at the volcanic site.

在实地考察中，我们观察到了火山现场的基底浪涌现象。

2.The volcanic eruption caused a massive base surge, which devastated the nearby village.

火山喷发造成了大规模的基底浪涌，摧毁了附近的村庄。

3.Scientists are studying the effects of base surge on the surrounding ecosystem.

科学家们正在研究基底浪涌对周围生态系统的影响。

4.Emergency services were alerted to the dangers of a potential base surge following the eruption.

在喷发后，紧急服务部门被警告潜在的基底浪涌危险。

5.The base surge generated by the explosion reached several kilometers away.

爆炸产生的基底浪涌达到了几公里外。

作文

The phenomenon of volcanic eruptions has always fascinated scientists and laypeople alike. Among the various aspects of these eruptions, one particularly intriguing feature is the occurrence of a base surge. A base surge refers to a type of volcanic eruption that involves the rapid expansion of gas and ash, resulting in a dense, fast-moving cloud that can travel across the ground. This phenomenon is not only visually spectacular but also poses significant hazards to life and property in its path.Understanding the mechanics behind a base surge is essential for both volcanologists and emergency responders. When a volcano erupts, it releases a mixture of gases, ash, and other volcanic materials into the atmosphere. In some cases, the pressure of these gases can cause them to expand rapidly, creating a wave of material that moves outward from the base of the volcano. This is what we refer to as a base surge, and it can occur during explosive eruptions or even as a result of the collapse of a volcanic dome.The speed and density of a base surge make it particularly dangerous. These surges can travel at speeds exceeding 100 kilometers per hour, allowing them to cover large distances in a matter of minutes. As they move, they can pick up debris and create a lethal mixture of ash, gas, and rock fragments. The combination of high speed and density means that a base surge can easily overtake individuals who may be trying to evacuate the area, making timely warnings and preparedness crucial.Historically, there have been several notable instances of base surges causing devastation. One of the most infamous examples is the eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980. The eruption produced a massive base surge that devastated the surrounding landscape, flattening forests and obliterating structures in its path. Such events highlight the need for effective monitoring of volcanic activity and the importance of having emergency response plans in place.In addition to their destructive potential, base surges also provide valuable information about volcanic processes. By studying the characteristics of these surges, scientists can gain insights into the dynamics of eruptions and improve their predictive models. This research is vital for enhancing public safety and minimizing the impact of future eruptions.In conclusion, the concept of a base surge is crucial in the study of volcanology. It represents a unique and hazardous aspect of volcanic eruptions that requires careful consideration and understanding. As we continue to explore the complexities of volcanic activity, recognizing the implications of a base surge will help us better prepare for and respond to the challenges posed by these natural phenomena. Through ongoing research and education, we can improve our ability to protect lives and property from the unpredictable forces of nature.

火山喷发现象一直以来都吸引着科学家和普通人的关注。在这些喷发的各个方面中，有一个特别引人注目的特征就是发生的基涌。基涌是指一种火山喷发类型，涉及气体和灰烬的快速膨胀，导致形成一种密集、快速移动的云层，可以在地面上横扫而过。这一现象不仅在视觉上令人惊叹，而且对其路径上的生命和财产构成了重大威胁。理解基涌背后的机制对于火山学家和应急响应人员都是至关重要的。当火山喷发时，它会将气体、灰烬和其他火山材料释放到大气中。在某些情况下，这些气体的压力可能导致它们迅速膨胀，从而产生一股从火山底部向外扩散的物质波。这就是我们所称的基涌，它可能发生在爆炸性喷发期间，甚至由于火山穹顶的崩溃而产生。基涌的速度和密度使其尤其危险。这些涌流可以以超过每小时100公里的速度移动，使其在几分钟内覆盖大面积区域。当它们移动时，可以拾起碎片并形成致命的灰烬、气体和岩石碎片混合物。高速和高密度的结合意味着基涌可以轻易超过试图撤离区域的个人，因此及时的警报和准备工作至关重要。历史上，有几个著名的例子显示基涌造成的毁灭性后果。其中最臭名昭著的例子之一是1980年圣海伦斯山的喷发。该喷发产生了巨大的基涌，摧毁了周围的景观，夷平了森林，摧毁了其路径上的建筑物。这类事件突显了有效监测火山活动的必要性，以及制定应急响应计划的重要性。除了破坏潜力外，基涌还提供了有关火山过程的宝贵信息。通过研究这些涌流的特征，科学家可以深入了解喷发的动态，并改善他们的预测模型。这项研究对于增强公众安全和减少未来喷发的影响至关重要。总之，基涌的概念在火山学研究中至关重要。它代表了火山喷发的一个独特且危险的方面，需要仔细考虑和理解。随着我们继续探索火山活动的复杂性，认识到基涌的影响将帮助我们更好地为这些自然现象带来的挑战做好准备。通过持续的研究和教育，我们可以提高保护生命和财产免受自然不可预测力量影响的能力。