positivists

简明释义

英[/ˈpɒz.ɪ.tɪ.vɪsts/]美[/ˈpɑː.zɪ.tɪ.vɪsts/]

n. 实在法学派；实证法学家（positivist 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Only the positivists consider all metaphysical speculations as nonsense and reject any kind of apriorism.

只有寊证论者把所有的形而上学的思考看作胡说，而拒绝任何先验论。

2.Traditional ideas of the metaphysical ontology are rejected by the scientific and logical positivists like Comte but accepted by critical rationalists represented by Popper.

传统的思辨的形而上学本体论受到孔德科学实证主义和后来逻辑实证主义的拒斥，但波普的批判理性主义不排斥它。

3.Traditional ideas of the metaphysical ontology are rejected by the scientific and logical positivists like Comte but accepted by critical rationalists represented by Popper.

传统的思辨的形而上学本体论受到孔德科学实证主义和后来逻辑实证主义的拒斥，但波普的批判理性主义不排斥它。

4.The intellectual heirs of Comte are the contemporary positivists.

孔德的后继者就是现代的实证论者。

5.Critics of positivists 实证主义者 claim that their approach overlooks subjective human experiences.

批评positivists 实证主义者的人声称，他们的方法忽视了主观的人类经验。

6.The work of the early positivists 实证主义者 laid the foundation for modern sociology.

早期的positivists 实证主义者的工作为现代社会学奠定了基础。

7.In philosophy, positivists 实证主义者 reject metaphysical claims as meaningless.

在哲学中，positivists 实证主义者拒绝形而上学的主张，认为它们毫无意义。

8.The positivists 实证主义者 emphasize the importance of empirical evidence in scientific research.

自证主义者positivists 实证主义者强调实证证据在科学研究中的重要性。

9.Many positivists 实证主义者 argue that knowledge should be based on observable phenomena.

许多positivists 实证主义者认为知识应该基于可观察的现象。

作文

In the realm of philosophy and science, the term positivists refers to individuals who advocate for the idea that knowledge should be derived from empirical evidence and observable phenomena. This perspective emerged in the early 19th century, primarily through the works of Auguste Comte, who is often regarded as the father of positivism. The fundamental belief of positivists is that genuine knowledge can only be obtained through scientific methods, which include observation, experimentation, and logical reasoning. This approach stands in contrast to metaphysical or religious explanations of the world, which positivists typically reject as unverifiable and subjective.One of the key contributions of positivists to modern thought is the emphasis on the scientific method as a means of acquiring knowledge. This has had profound implications for various fields, including sociology, psychology, and natural sciences. For instance, in sociology, positivists argue that social phenomena should be studied in the same way as natural phenomena, using quantitative data and statistical analysis to understand human behavior and societal trends. This methodological rigor has helped establish sociology as a legitimate scientific discipline, providing valuable insights into complex social issues.Despite their significant contributions, positivists have faced criticism from various philosophical perspectives. Critics argue that the strict adherence to empirical evidence can lead to a narrow understanding of human experience. For example, phenomenologists and existentialists contend that subjective experiences and emotions are equally important for understanding human existence, and these cannot always be quantified or observed. Furthermore, some argue that the exclusion of metaphysics and ethics from scientific inquiry limits the scope of knowledge and understanding, as it disregards the moral and philosophical dimensions of human life.Nevertheless, the legacy of positivists continues to influence contemporary thought. In an age where data-driven decision-making is paramount, the principles of positivism resonate strongly in various sectors, including business, healthcare, and education. For instance, in healthcare, evidence-based medicine relies heavily on the positivist approach, prioritizing treatments and interventions that have been scientifically validated through rigorous research.Moreover, the rise of big data and advanced analytics can be seen as a modern manifestation of positivist ideals, where vast amounts of data are collected and analyzed to inform decisions and predict outcomes. This trend underscores the ongoing relevance of positivists in shaping our understanding of the world and guiding practical applications across different domains.In conclusion, positivists play a crucial role in the development of scientific thought and methodology. Their insistence on empirical evidence and observable phenomena has transformed various disciplines, leading to more rigorous and systematic approaches to knowledge acquisition. While criticisms of positivism highlight the importance of subjective experience and ethical considerations, the core principles of positivists remain integral to contemporary scientific inquiry and practice. As we continue to navigate an increasingly complex world, the balance between empirical evidence and human experience will be essential for fostering a comprehensive understanding of reality.

在哲学和科学领域，术语positivists指的是那些主张知识应源于经验性证据和可观察现象的人。这一观点出现在19世纪初，主要通过奥古斯特·孔德的著作而形成，他通常被视为实证主义的奠基人。positivists的基本信念是，真正的知识只能通过科学方法获得，这包括观察、实验和逻辑推理。这种方法论与形而上学或宗教对世界的解释形成对比，positivists通常将其视为不可验证和主观的。positivists对现代思想的一个重要贡献是强调科学方法作为获取知识的手段。这对社会学、心理学和自然科学等多个领域产生了深远的影响。例如，在社会学中，positivists认为社会现象应与自然现象一样进行研究，使用定量数据和统计分析来理解人类行为和社会趋势。这种方法的严谨性帮助确立了社会学作为一种合法的科学学科，为复杂的社会问题提供了有价值的见解。尽管做出了重要贡献，positivists仍然面临来自各种哲学观点的批评。批评者认为，严格遵循经验证据可能导致对人类经验的狭隘理解。例如，现象学家和存在主义者认为，主观体验和情感对于理解人类存在同样重要，而这些并不总是可以量化或观察。此外，一些人认为，科学探究中排除形而上学和伦理学的做法限制了知识和理解的范围，因为它忽视了人类生活的道德和哲学维度。尽管如此，positivists的遗产仍然继续影响当代思想。在一个数据驱动的决策至关重要的时代，实证主义的原则在商业、医疗和教育等各个领域中引起强烈共鸣。例如，在医疗领域，基于证据的医学在很大程度上依赖于实证主义的方法，优先考虑经过严格研究验证的治疗和干预。此外，大数据和先进分析的兴起可以看作是实证主义理想的现代表现，其中收集和分析大量数据以指导决策和预测结果。这一趋势强调了positivists在塑造我们对世界的理解和指导不同领域的实际应用中的持续相关性。总之，positivists在科学思想和方法论的发展中发挥着至关重要的作用。他们对经验证据和可观察现象的坚持已转变了多个学科，导致更严谨和系统的知识获取方法。虽然对实证主义的批评突显了主观经验和伦理考虑的重要性，但positivists的核心原则仍然是当代科学探究和实践的组成部分。随着我们继续在一个日益复杂的世界中航行，经验证据与人类经验之间的平衡将是促进对现实全面理解的关键。