atomic polarizability

简明释义

原子极化率;

英英释义

例句

1.The study of atomic polarizability helps us understand how atoms interact with external electric fields.

对原子极化率的研究帮助我们理解原子如何与外部电场相互作用。

2.In quantum mechanics, the atomic polarizability is crucial for predicting the behavior of electrons in an atom.

在量子力学中，原子极化率对于预测原子中电子的行为至关重要。

3.Calculating the atomic polarizability is essential for developing more accurate models of molecular interactions.

计算原子极化率对于开发更准确的分子相互作用模型是必不可少的。

4.The atomic polarizability can vary significantly between different isotopes of an element.

原子极化率在同一元素的不同同位素之间可能有显著差异。

5.Researchers measured the atomic polarizability of various elements to enhance their understanding of chemical bonding.

研究人员测量了各种元素的原子极化率以增强对化学键的理解。

作文

In the realm of physics and chemistry, understanding the concept of atomic polarizability is crucial for comprehending how atoms interact with electromagnetic fields. Atomic polarizability refers to the ability of an atom to become polarized in response to an external electric field. This phenomenon occurs when the electron cloud surrounding an atomic nucleus is distorted due to the influence of an external charge. The degree to which this distortion occurs is quantified as the polarizability of the atom. The significance of atomic polarizability can be observed in various applications, particularly in the fields of spectroscopy and material science. For instance, in spectroscopy, the polarizability of atoms affects how they absorb and emit light. When an atom is subjected to electromagnetic radiation, its electrons can be excited to higher energy levels. The extent of this excitation is influenced by the atomic polarizability, which determines the interaction strength between the atom and the light. Moreover, atomic polarizability plays a vital role in determining the physical properties of materials. For example, in ionic compounds, the polarizability of the constituent ions can influence the compound's overall stability and reactivity. A higher polarizability often leads to stronger intermolecular forces, which can affect melting and boiling points. Consequently, understanding atomic polarizability allows chemists and physicists to predict the behavior of materials under different conditions.Furthermore, the concept of atomic polarizability is not only limited to individual atoms but also extends to molecules. In molecular chemistry, the polarizability of a molecule can provide insights into its electronic structure and reactivity. Polarizable molecules tend to have more significant dipole moments, which can enhance their interactions with other polar or charged species. This characteristic is particularly important in biological systems, where the interactions between biomolecules often depend on their polarizability. In conclusion, atomic polarizability is a fundamental concept that bridges various disciplines within science. Its implications are far-reaching, influencing everything from the absorption spectra of atoms to the physical properties of materials. By grasping the principles behind atomic polarizability, scientists can unlock new avenues of research and innovation, leading to advancements in technology and a deeper understanding of the natural world. As we continue to explore the intricacies of atomic behavior, the study of atomic polarizability will undoubtedly remain a pivotal area of focus, shedding light on the complex interactions that govern the universe at the atomic level.

在物理和化学的领域中，理解原子极化率的概念对于理解原子如何与电磁场相互作用至关重要。原子极化率指的是原子在外部电场作用下变得极化的能力。当外部电荷的影响下，围绕原子核的电子云发生扭曲时，这一现象就会发生。这种扭曲程度被量化为原子的极化率。原子极化率的重要性可以在各种应用中观察到，特别是在光谱学和材料科学领域。例如，在光谱学中，原子的极化率会影响它们吸收和发射光的方式。当原子受到电磁辐射的作用时，其电子可以被激发到更高的能级。这种激发程度受到原子极化率的影响，这决定了原子与光之间的相互作用强度。此外，原子极化率在确定材料的物理性质方面也起着至关重要的作用。例如，在离子化合物中，组成离子的极化率可以影响化合物的整体稳定性和反应性。较高的极化率通常会导致更强的分子间作用力，这可能会影响熔点和沸点。因此，理解原子极化率使化学家和物理学家能够预测材料在不同条件下的行为。此外，原子极化率的概念不仅限于单个原子，还扩展到分子。在分子化学中，分子的极化率可以提供其电子结构和反应性的洞察。可极化的分子往往具有更显著的偶极矩，这可以增强它们与其他极性或带电物质之间的相互作用。这一特性在生物系统中尤为重要，因为生物分子之间的相互作用往往依赖于它们的极化率。总之，原子极化率是一个基本概念，连接着科学各个学科。它的影响深远，从原子的吸收光谱到材料的物理性质都受到影响。通过掌握原子极化率背后的原理，科学家们可以开启新的研究和创新途径，推动技术进步，并更深入地理解自然世界。随着我们继续探索原子行为的复杂性，原子极化率的研究无疑将继续成为一个关键的关注领域，揭示支配宇宙在原子层面上复杂相互作用的奥秘。