polysaccharides

简明释义

英[ˌpɒliˈsækəraɪdz]美[ˌpɑliˈsækəraɪdz]

n. [有化]多糖（polysaccharide 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Methods: The content of polysaccharides was determined by colorimetry.

方法用比色法测定石斛多糖的含量。

2.Objective To determine the contents of gastrodins and polysaccharides in Rhizoma gastrodia.

目的测定天麻中天麻素的含量以及多糖的含量。

3.Polysaccharides: starch dextrin cellulose and glycogen all of which are made of chains of glucose.

多糖：淀粉、糊精、纤维素和糖原，而这一切都是由糖链。

4.The polysaccharides are all condensation products of hexoses or other monosaccharides.

多糖全部是己糖或其它单糖的浓缩产物。

5.The rejected carbohydrate matter is cellulose and other higher polysaccharides.

排泄样的碳水化合物是纤维素和其它较高的多糖。

6.The polysaccharides interact with proteins and help the proteins come together and assemble scaffolds.

多糖与蛋白质相互作用并促进蛋白质的聚合和支架形成。

7.Citrus waste is rich in pectin, cellulose, and polysaccharides, which can be turned into sugars and fermented into alcohol.

柑桔类植物的果实表皮中富含胶质、纤维素和多聚糖，这些成分能够被转化为糖，经发酵后再变成酒精。

8.Recent developments of enzymatic modification of polysaccharides were summarized.

概述多糖酶法修饰研究的最新进展。

9.Objective: To review the research and clinical application prospects of polysaccharides.

目的：综述多糖的研究和临床应用方面的前景。

10.Many plants store energy in the form of polysaccharides, which are long chains of sugar molecules.

许多植物以多糖的形式储存能量，这是一种长链的糖分子。

11.Glycogen, which serves as energy storage in animals, is also a type of polysaccharides.

糖原作为动物的能量储存，也是一种多糖。

12.In the human diet, polysaccharides provide essential carbohydrates for energy.

在人的饮食中，多糖提供了必需的碳水化合物以供能量。

13.Starch is a common polysaccharides found in many staple foods like potatoes and rice.

淀粉是一种常见的多糖，在许多主食中如土豆和米饭中发现。

14.Cellulose, a type of polysaccharides, is a major component of plant cell walls.

纤维素是一种多糖，是植物细胞壁的主要成分。

作文

Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates that play a crucial role in the biological processes of living organisms. These macromolecules are composed of long chains of monosaccharide units, which are simple sugars. The term 'polysaccharide' comes from the Greek words 'poly,' meaning many, and 'saccharide,' meaning sugar. This definition highlights the structure of polysaccharides as they are essentially large molecules made up of numerous sugar units linked together by glycosidic bonds. One of the most familiar examples of polysaccharides is starch, which is a primary energy storage form in plants. Starch consists of two components: amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is a linear chain of glucose molecules, while amylopectin is a branched structure. When humans consume starch, enzymes in the digestive system break it down into glucose, which can then be utilized for energy. This process illustrates the importance of polysaccharides in providing energy to living organisms. Another significant polysaccharide is glycogen, which serves as the energy storage form in animals. Glycogen is similar to amylopectin but has a higher degree of branching. It is primarily stored in the liver and muscles, where it can be quickly mobilized to meet the body’s energy demands during physical activity. The rapid breakdown of glycogen into glucose is essential for maintaining blood sugar levels and providing energy during exercise. Cellulose is another important polysaccharide, found in the cell walls of plants. Unlike starch and glycogen, cellulose is not digestible by humans due to the lack of enzymes capable of breaking down its beta-glycosidic bonds. However, cellulose plays a vital role in human nutrition as dietary fiber. It helps regulate bowel movements and maintain gut health, demonstrating that not all polysaccharides serve as energy sources; some have functional roles in supporting overall health. Polysaccharides also have industrial applications. For example, agar and pectin are polysaccharides derived from algae and fruits, respectively. Agar is widely used in microbiology as a solidifying agent for culture media, while pectin is commonly used as a gelling agent in food products like jams and jellies. These uses highlight the versatility of polysaccharides beyond their biological functions. In summary, polysaccharides (多糖) are essential macromolecules that serve various functions in both nature and industry. They are vital for energy storage in plants and animals, contribute to dietary health, and have numerous applications in food and biotechnology. Understanding the structure and function of polysaccharides (多糖) allows us to appreciate their significance in our daily lives and the natural world. As research continues, the potential uses of polysaccharides (多糖) in medicine and technology may further expand, making them an exciting area of study in the field of biochemistry.

多糖是复杂的碳水化合物，在生物体的生物过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。这些大分子由长链单糖单位组成，即简单糖。术语“多糖”来源于希腊词“poly”，意为许多，以及“saccharide”，意为糖。这一定义突出了多糖的结构，因为它们本质上是由众多糖单位通过糖苷键连接在一起的大分子。多糖最熟悉的例子之一是淀粉，它是植物主要的能量储存形式。淀粉由两种成分组成：直链淀粉和支链淀粉。直链淀粉是一个线性链，由葡萄糖分子构成，而支链淀粉则是一个分支结构。当人类摄入淀粉时，消化系统中的酶将其分解为葡萄糖，然后可以利用这些葡萄糖提供能量。这个过程说明了多糖在为生物体提供能量方面的重要性。另一个重要的多糖是糖原，它作为动物的能量储存形式。糖原与支链淀粉相似，但具有更高的分支度。它主要储存在肝脏和肌肉中，可以快速动员以满足身体在体育活动期间的能量需求。糖原迅速分解为葡萄糖的过程对于维持血糖水平和在运动中提供能量至关重要。纤维素是另一种重要的多糖，存在于植物的细胞壁中。与淀粉和糖原不同，人体无法消化纤维素，因为缺乏能够分解其β-糖苷键的酶。然而，纤维素在营养方面发挥着重要作用，作为膳食纤维。它有助于调节排便和维持肠道健康，表明并非所有多糖都作为能量来源；一些多糖在支持整体健康方面具有功能性角色。多糖还具有工业应用。例如，琼脂和果胶是分别从海藻和水果中提取的多糖。琼脂广泛用于微生物学，作为培养基的固化剂，而果胶则通常用作食品产品（如果酱和果冻）中的凝胶剂。这些用途突显了多糖在其生物功能之外的多样性。总之，polysaccharides（多糖）是重要的大分子，在自然界和工业中发挥着各种功能。它们对植物和动物的能量储存至关重要，有助于饮食健康，并在食品和生物技术中具有众多应用。理解多糖的结构和功能使我们能够欣赏它们在日常生活和自然界中的重要性。随着研究的不断推进，多糖在医学和技术中的潜在用途可能进一步扩大，使其成为生物化学领域中一个令人兴奋的研究方向。