acetylenic hydrocarbons

简明释义

炔属碳氢化合物;

英英释义

例句

1.The synthesis of various polymers often involves the use of acetylenic hydrocarbons (炔烃) as key intermediates.

多种聚合物的合成通常涉及使用炔烃（炔烃）作为关键中间体。

2.The reactivity of acetylenic hydrocarbons (炔烃) makes them useful in various industrial applications.

由于炔烃（炔烃）的反应性，它们在各种工业应用中非常有用。

3.The presence of acetylenic hydrocarbons (炔烃) in crude oil can affect its refining process.

原油中存在的炔烃（炔烃）可能会影响其精炼过程。

4.In organic chemistry, acetylenic hydrocarbons (炔烃) are valued for their ability to undergo addition reactions.

在有机化学中，炔烃（炔烃）因其能够进行加成反应而受到重视。

5.Researchers are exploring the potential of acetylenic hydrocarbons (炔烃) in the development of new pharmaceuticals.

研究人员正在探索炔烃（炔烃）在新药开发中的潜力。

作文

Acetylenic hydrocarbons, or 乙炔烃, are a fascinating class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms. These compounds are generally unsaturated and can be found in various forms, including simple molecules such as acetylene (C2H2) and more complex structures. Understanding 乙炔烃 is crucial not only for organic chemistry but also for various industrial applications, including the synthesis of plastics, pharmaceuticals, and other valuable materials.The simplest member of this family, acetylene, is a colorless gas that is widely used as a fuel in welding and cutting metals due to its high flame temperature when burned with oxygen. This property makes acetylene an essential component in oxy-acetylene torches, which are commonly employed in metalworking industries. Furthermore, the versatility of 乙炔烃 extends beyond their use as fuels; they serve as important intermediates in the chemical industry.One of the key features of 乙炔烃 is their reactivity. The triple bond present in these hydrocarbons makes them highly reactive compared to their saturated counterparts. This reactivity allows chemists to perform a variety of reactions, such as addition reactions, where different atoms or groups can be added across the triple bond. For example, when acetylene reacts with halogens, it forms dihaloalkenes, showcasing the potential of 乙炔烃 in synthetic organic chemistry.Moreover, 乙炔烃 can be utilized in the production of polymers. By undergoing polymerization reactions, these hydrocarbons can form long-chain molecules that exhibit unique properties. For instance, polyacetylene, derived from the polymerization of acetylene, has garnered attention for its electrical conductivity and potential applications in organic electronics. This illustrates the importance of understanding 乙炔烃 not just in theoretical contexts but also in practical applications that drive technological advancements.In addition to their industrial significance, 乙炔烃 also play a role in natural processes. Some plants produce acetylenic compounds as secondary metabolites, which can have ecological functions, such as deterring herbivores or attracting pollinators. The study of these natural occurrences highlights the diverse roles that 乙炔烃 can play in both synthetic and biological contexts.Despite their many advantages, handling 乙炔烃 requires caution due to their flammability and potential health hazards. Acetylene, for example, can form explosive mixtures with air, necessitating strict safety protocols during storage and usage. Thus, while 乙炔烃 provide numerous benefits across various fields, it is vital to approach their application with respect and awareness of the associated risks.In conclusion, 乙炔烃 represent a significant area of study within organic chemistry, offering insights into both their reactive nature and their myriad applications. From industrial uses in welding to their role in the production of innovative materials, understanding these hydrocarbons is essential for chemists and industry professionals alike. As research continues to uncover new properties and applications of 乙炔烃, their importance in science and technology is likely to grow, making them a subject worthy of further exploration and study.

乙炔烃是一类有机化合物，其特征在于碳原子之间存在一个或多个三键。这些化合物通常是不饱和的，可以以多种形式存在，包括简单的分子如乙炔（C2H2）以及更复杂的结构。理解乙炔烃不仅对有机化学至关重要，而且对各种工业应用也很重要，包括塑料、药品和其他有价值材料的合成。这一家族中最简单的成员是乙炔，它是一种无色气体，由于与氧气燃烧时产生的高火焰温度，广泛用于金属焊接和切割。这一特性使乙炔成为氧-乙炔焊炬的重要组成部分，这种焊炬在金属加工行业中被广泛使用。此外，乙炔烃的多功能性不仅限于作为燃料；它们还作为化学工业中重要的中间体。乙炔烃的一个关键特征是它们的反应性。与其饱和同类化合物相比，这些烃的三键使其高度反应活泼。这种反应性使化学家能够进行多种反应，例如加成反应，其中不同的原子或基团可以加到三键上。例如，当乙炔与卤素反应时，会形成二卤烯，展示了乙炔烃在合成有机化学中的潜力。此外，乙炔烃可用于聚合物的生产。通过聚合反应，这些烃可以形成长链分子，展现出独特的性质。例如，聚乙炔是由乙炔聚合而来的，因其电导率和在有机电子学中的潜在应用而受到关注。这说明了理解乙炔烃的重要性，不仅在理论背景下，也在推动技术进步的实际应用中。除了工业意义外，乙炔烃还在自然过程中发挥作用。一些植物作为次级代谢产物产生乙炔化合物，这些化合物可能具有生态功能，例如阻止食草动物或吸引授粉者。对这些自然现象的研究突显了乙炔烃在合成和生物上下文中可能扮演的多样角色。尽管有许多优点，但处理乙炔烃需要谨慎，因为它们易燃且可能对健康造成危害。例如，乙炔可以与空气形成爆炸性混合物，因此在储存和使用过程中必须遵循严格的安全规程。因此，尽管乙炔烃在各个领域提供了众多好处，但在应用时必须尊重并意识到相关风险。总之，乙炔烃代表了有机化学中一个重要的研究领域，提供了对其反应特性及其众多应用的深入了解。从金属焊接中的工业用途到创新材料生产中的作用，理解这些烃对化学家和行业专业人士来说都是必不可少的。随着研究持续揭示乙炔烃的新特性和应用，它们在科学和技术中的重要性可能会不断增长，使其成为值得进一步探索和研究的主题。