chromosome set

简明释义

染色体组

英英释义

例句

1.The complete human genome consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes, making up a total of 46 chromosomes in each chromosome set.

完整的人类基因组由23对染色体组成，每个染色体组中总共有46条染色体。

2.Researchers study the chromosome set of various organisms to understand evolutionary relationships.

研究人员研究各种生物的染色体组以了解进化关系。

3.During cell division, the chromosome set is replicated to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical copy.

在细胞分裂过程中，染色体组会被复制，以确保每个子细胞获得一个相同的副本。

4.Different species have different numbers of chromosomes in their chromosome set, which is a key factor in species identification.

不同物种在其染色体组中具有不同数量的染色体，这是物种识别的一个关键因素。

5.Genetic disorders can arise when there are abnormalities in the chromosome set, such as extra or missing chromosomes.

当染色体组中存在异常时，例如多余或缺失的染色体，可能会导致遗传疾病。

作文

The concept of a chromosome set refers to the complete set of chromosomes that an organism possesses. Chromosomes are long strands of DNA that contain the genetic information necessary for the growth, development, and functioning of living organisms. In humans, for example, the typical chromosome set consists of 46 chromosomes, organized into 23 pairs. Each pair contains one chromosome inherited from the mother and one from the father. This genetic inheritance is crucial as it determines various traits and characteristics of an individual, from physical attributes like eye color to predispositions to certain health conditions.Understanding the chromosome set is essential in the field of genetics, as it provides insights into how traits are passed down through generations. When cells divide, they replicate their chromosome set, ensuring that each new cell receives the same genetic information. This process is fundamental for growth, repair, and reproduction in organisms.In addition to humans, different species have varying chromosome sets. For instance, fruit flies have a chromosome set of only 8 chromosomes, while dogs have 78. The number and structure of chromosomes can significantly affect the biology and evolution of a species. For example, polyploidy, which is the condition of having more than two complete sets of chromosomes, is common in plants and can lead to increased size and vigor, which may provide advantages in certain environments.The study of chromosome sets has also paved the way for advancements in medical science. By understanding the human chromosome set, researchers have been able to identify genetic disorders that arise from abnormalities in chromosome number or structure. Conditions such as Down syndrome are caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21, resulting in a total of 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. Genetic testing, which often involves analyzing an individual's chromosome set, has become a vital tool in diagnosing and managing such conditions.Moreover, the knowledge gained from studying chromosome sets has implications for biotechnology and agriculture. Scientists can manipulate the chromosome set of crops to enhance desirable traits, such as resistance to pests or improved nutritional content. This genetic engineering has the potential to address food security challenges and create crops that can thrive in changing climate conditions.In conclusion, the chromosome set is a fundamental concept in genetics that encompasses the complete collection of chromosomes within an organism. It plays a critical role in heredity, cellular function, and the overall biology of species. As research continues to evolve, our understanding of chromosome sets will undoubtedly lead to further breakthroughs in medicine, agriculture, and our comprehension of life itself. Therefore, grasping the significance of the chromosome set is not only important for students of biology but also for anyone interested in the intricacies of life and its continuity across generations.

“染色体组”的概念是指一个生物体所拥有的完整的染色体集合。染色体是长链DNA，包含了生物体生长、发育和功能所需的遗传信息。例如，在人类中，典型的“染色体组”由46条染色体组成，组织成23对。每对染色体包含一条来自母亲的染色体和一条来自父亲的染色体。这种遗传继承至关重要，因为它决定了个体的各种特征和特性，从眼睛颜色等身体特征到某些健康状况的易感性。理解“染色体组”在遗传学领域中至关重要，因为它提供了有关特征如何通过世代相传的见解。当细胞分裂时，它们复制其“染色体组”，确保每个新细胞接收到相同的遗传信息。这一过程对于生物体的生长、修复和繁殖是基本的。除了人类，不同物种的“染色体组”也各不相同。例如，果蝇的“染色体组”只有8条染色体，而狗有78条。染色体的数量和结构可以显著影响一个物种的生物学和进化。例如，多倍体，即拥有超过两个完整染色体组的状态，在植物中很常见，可能导致更大的体积和活力，这在某些环境中可能提供优势。对“染色体组”的研究也为医学科学的进步铺平了道路。通过理解人类的“染色体组”，研究人员能够识别由染色体数量或结构异常引起的遗传疾病。唐氏综合症等疾病是由于多了一条21号染色体而导致的，结果是总共有47条染色体，而不是通常的46条。基因检测，通常涉及分析个体的“染色体组”，已成为诊断和管理这类疾病的重要工具。此外，从研究“染色体组”中获得的知识对生物技术和农业也有影响。科学家可以操纵作物的“染色体组”，以增强所需特性，如抗虫害能力或改善营养成分。这种基因工程有潜力解决食品安全挑战，并创造出能够在不断变化的气候条件下生存的作物。总之，“染色体组”是遗传学中的一个基本概念，涵盖了生物体内染色体的完整集合。它在遗传、细胞功能和物种的整体生物学中发挥着关键作用。随着研究的不断发展，我们对“染色体组”的理解无疑将导致医学、农业和我们对生命本身理解的进一步突破。因此，掌握“染色体组”的重要性不仅对生物学学生重要，对任何对生命的复杂性及其在世代间延续感兴趣的人来说也是如此。