axon terminal

简明释义

轴苏端

英英释义

例句

1.Calcium ions play a crucial role in the function of the axon terminal 轴突末端 during neurotransmitter release.

钙离子在神经递质释放过程中对轴突末端的功能起着至关重要的作用。

2.Damage to the axon terminal 轴突末端 can disrupt communication between neurons.

对轴突末端的损伤可能会干扰神经元之间的通信。

3.The neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal 轴突末端 into the synaptic cleft.

神经递质从轴突末端释放到突触间隙中。

4.Research shows that the size of the axon terminal 轴突末端 can affect synaptic strength.

研究表明，轴突末端的大小可以影响突触强度。

5.The electrical signal travels down the axon and reaches the axon terminal 轴突末端.

电信号沿着轴突传导并到达轴突末端。

作文

The nervous system is a complex network that plays a crucial role in the functioning of our bodies. At the heart of this system are neurons, which are specialized cells responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. One of the key components of a neuron is the axon terminal, which is essential for communication between neurons. The axon terminal (轴突末端) is the part of the neuron that releases neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers that transmit signals to other neurons or target cells. When a neuron receives an electrical signal, it travels down the axon and reaches the axon terminal. Here, the electrical signal triggers the release of neurotransmitters stored in vesicles. These neurotransmitters then cross the synaptic gap—the space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another—allowing the signal to continue its journey. This process is vital for the proper functioning of the nervous system, as it ensures that signals are effectively communicated from one neuron to another.In addition to their role in signal transmission, axon terminals also play a part in the modulation of signals. Different types of neurotransmitters can have varying effects on the receiving neuron, either exciting or inhibiting its activity. For instance, dopamine, which is released at certain axon terminals, is associated with pleasure and reward, while serotonin affects mood and anxiety levels. The precise regulation of these neurotransmitters at the axon terminal is critical for maintaining balance in the brain and overall mental health.Moreover, the structure of the axon terminal allows for efficient communication. It contains specialized proteins that help in the docking and release of neurotransmitter vesicles. This structural adaptation ensures that neurotransmitters are released quickly and in the right amounts, which is essential for rapid signaling in the nervous system. Any dysfunction in the axon terminal can lead to neurological disorders, highlighting its importance in both health and disease.Understanding the function of the axon terminal also has implications for medical research and treatment. Disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's are linked to problems with neurotransmitter release and receptor function at the axon terminal. By studying these processes, scientists can develop targeted therapies that aim to restore normal function, thereby improving patient outcomes.In conclusion, the axon terminal is a vital component of neuronal communication, facilitating the release of neurotransmitters that transmit signals between neurons. Its structure and function are intricately designed to ensure effective communication within the nervous system. As we continue to explore the complexities of the brain, understanding the role of the axon terminal will remain a key focus in neuroscience, with significant implications for treating various neurological conditions.

神经系统是一个复杂的网络，在我们身体的运作中发挥着至关重要的作用。这个系统的核心是神经元，它们是专门负责在全身传递信息的细胞。神经元的一个关键组成部分是轴突末端，它对神经元之间的通信至关重要。轴突末端（axon terminal）是神经元释放神经递质的部分，神经递质是传递信号到其他神经元或目标细胞的化学信使。当神经元接收到电信号时，信号沿着轴突传播并到达轴突末端。在这里，电信号触发储存在囊泡中的神经递质释放。这些神经递质随后穿过突触间隙——一个位于一个神经元的轴突末端与另一个神经元的树突之间的空间——使信号能够继续传播。这个过程对于神经系统的正常运作至关重要，因为它确保了信号有效地从一个神经元传递到另一个神经元。除了在信号传递中的作用外，轴突末端还在信号调节中发挥作用。不同类型的神经递质可以对接收神经元产生不同的影响，既可以刺激也可以抑制其活动。例如，某些轴突末端释放的多巴胺与愉悦和奖励相关，而血清素则影响情绪和焦虑水平。在轴突末端对这些神经递质的精确调节对于维持大脑的平衡和整体心理健康至关重要。此外，轴突末端的结构使得有效的通信成为可能。它包含专门的蛋白质，帮助神经递质囊泡的对接和释放。这种结构适应性确保神经递质迅速且以正确的数量释放，这对于神经系统中的快速信号传递至关重要。轴突末端的任何功能障碍都可能导致神经系统疾病，突显了它在健康和疾病中的重要性。理解轴突末端的功能也对医学研究和治疗有重要意义。抑郁症、精神分裂症和阿尔茨海默病等疾病与轴突末端的神经递质释放和受体功能问题有关。通过研究这些过程，科学家们可以开发针对性的疗法，旨在恢复正常功能，从而改善患者的预后。总之，轴突末端是神经元通信的重要组成部分，促进神经递质的释放，从而在神经元之间传递信号。它的结构和功能经过精心设计，以确保神经系统内的有效通信。随着我们继续探索大脑的复杂性，理解轴突末端的作用将仍然是神经科学的重点，并对各种神经系统疾病的治疗具有重要意义。