antimicrobial spectrum

简明释义

抗菌型谱

英英释义

例句

1.Some antibiotics have a narrow antimicrobial spectrum, targeting specific pathogens.

一些抗生素具有狭窄的抗微生物谱，针对特定病原体。

2.Understanding the antimicrobial spectrum helps in diagnosing the type of infection.

理解抗微生物谱有助于诊断感染类型。

3.The new formulation has a broader antimicrobial spectrum, making it suitable for various infections.

这种新配方具有更广泛的抗微生物谱，使其适用于各种感染。

4.When selecting a treatment, it's important to consider the antimicrobial spectrum of the drug.

在选择治疗时，考虑药物的抗微生物谱是很重要的。

5.The antibiotic's antimicrobial spectrum is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

这种抗生素的抗微生物谱对革兰阳性和革兰阴性细菌均有效。

作文

The term antimicrobial spectrum refers to the range of microorganisms that a particular antimicrobial agent can effectively inhibit or kill. This concept is crucial in the field of microbiology and pharmacology, as it helps healthcare professionals select appropriate treatments for infections caused by various pathogens. Understanding the antimicrobial spectrum of different drugs is essential for ensuring effective therapy while minimizing the risk of resistance development.Antimicrobial agents can be broadly classified into two categories: narrow-spectrum and broad-spectrum agents. Narrow-spectrum antimicrobials are effective against specific types of bacteria or fungi, while broad-spectrum agents can target a wide variety of pathogens. For instance, penicillin is considered a narrow-spectrum antibiotic because it primarily targets gram-positive bacteria. In contrast, tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that can act against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.The choice of an antimicrobial agent often depends on the identified pathogen and its susceptibility profile. A thorough understanding of the antimicrobial spectrum allows clinicians to make informed decisions about which drug to prescribe. For example, if a patient presents with a urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli, a physician might choose a drug with a known effectiveness against this specific organism based on its antimicrobial spectrum. Moreover, the emergence of antibiotic resistance has made it increasingly important to consider the antimicrobial spectrum when prescribing treatments. Overuse or inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics can lead to the development of resistant strains of bacteria, making infections harder to treat. Therefore, healthcare providers are encouraged to use narrow-spectrum agents whenever possible, particularly when they know the causative organism and its sensitivity to certain drugs.In addition to bacterial infections, the concept of antimicrobial spectrum also applies to antiviral and antifungal medications. Each class of these agents has a unique spectrum of activity, which determines their effectiveness against specific viruses or fungi. For instance, acyclovir has a narrow antimicrobial spectrum primarily targeting herpesviruses, while amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal that can treat a range of fungal infections.In conclusion, the antimicrobial spectrum is a fundamental aspect of antimicrobial therapy that influences treatment choices and outcomes. By understanding the range of activity of different antimicrobial agents, healthcare professionals can optimize their prescribing practices, reduce the risk of resistance, and improve patient care. As the landscape of infectious diseases continues to evolve, ongoing research into the antimicrobial spectrum of new and existing agents remains vital for public health and clinical practice.

“抗微生物谱”一词指的是特定抗微生物药物能够有效抑制或杀死的微生物范围。这个概念在微生物学和药理学领域至关重要，因为它帮助医疗专业人员选择适当的治疗方案，以应对由各种病原体引起的感染。理解不同药物的“抗微生物谱”对于确保有效治疗、同时最大限度地降低耐药性发展的风险至关重要。抗微生物药物可以大致分为两类：窄谱和广谱药物。窄谱抗微生物药物对特定类型的细菌或真菌有效，而广谱药物则可以针对多种病原体。例如，青霉素被认为是一种窄谱抗生素，因为它主要针对革兰氏阳性细菌。相比之下，四环素是一种广谱抗生素，可以作用于革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌。抗微生物药物的选择通常取决于已确定的病原体及其敏感性谱。对“抗微生物谱”的透彻理解使临床医生能够做出关于开处方药物的明智决定。例如，如果患者因大肠杆菌引发尿路感染而就诊，医生可能会根据该病原体的“抗微生物谱”选择一种已知对其有效的药物。此外，抗生素耐药性的出现使得在开处方时考虑“抗微生物谱”变得愈发重要。广谱抗生素的过度使用或不当使用可能导致耐药菌株的发展，使感染更难以治疗。因此，鼓励医疗提供者在可能的情况下尽量使用窄谱药物，特别是在他们知道病因生物及其对某些药物的敏感性时。除了细菌感染外，“抗微生物谱”的概念也适用于抗病毒和抗真菌药物。这些药物的每一类都有独特的活性谱，决定了它们对特定病毒或真菌的有效性。例如，阿昔洛韦具有窄“抗微生物谱”，主要针对疱疹病毒，而两性霉素B是一种广谱抗真菌药物，可以治疗多种真菌感染。总之，“抗微生物谱”是影响治疗选择和结果的抗微生物治疗的基本方面。通过理解不同抗微生物药物的作用范围，医疗专业人员可以优化处方实践，降低耐药风险，提高患者护理质量。随着感染性疾病的格局不断演变，持续研究新旧药物的“抗微生物谱”对公共健康和临床实践仍然至关重要。