aminoacyl trna

简明释义

氨酰 trna

英英释义

例句

1.Each aminoacyl tRNA (氨基酸tRNA) carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

每个aminoacyl tRNA（氨基酸tRNA）在蛋白质合成过程中将特定的氨基酸运送到核糖体。

2.The binding of aminoacyl tRNA (氨基酸tRNA) to the ribosome is a crucial step in the elongation phase of translation.

aminoacyl tRNA（氨基酸tRNA）与核糖体的结合是翻译延伸阶段的一个关键步骤。

3.The accuracy of protein synthesis depends on the correct pairing of the codon with the aminoacyl tRNA (氨基酸tRNA).

蛋白质合成的准确性取决于密码子与aminoacyl tRNA（氨基酸tRNA）的正确配对。

4.The process of translation begins when the ribosome recognizes the start codon and binds to the corresponding aminoacyl tRNA (氨基酸tRNA).

翻译过程开始时，核糖体识别起始密码子并结合到相应的aminoacyl tRNA（氨基酸tRNA）。

5.In eukaryotic cells, the formation of aminoacyl tRNA (氨基酸tRNA) is catalyzed by specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

在真核细胞中，aminoacyl tRNA（氨基酸tRNA）的形成是由特定的氨基酸-tRNA合成酶催化的。

作文

The process of protein synthesis is a fundamental aspect of cellular biology, and at the heart of this process lies the role of aminoacyl tRNA (氨基酰tRNA). This molecule is crucial for translating the genetic code carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of all living organisms. The journey begins when the DNA in a cell's nucleus is transcribed into mRNA, which then travels to the ribosome, the site of protein synthesis. Here, aminoacyl tRNA plays a pivotal role by delivering the appropriate amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain based on the sequence of codons present in the mRNA. Each aminoacyl tRNA is charged with a specific amino acid, which corresponds to a particular codon in the mRNA sequence. The enzyme responsible for this charging process is called aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. This enzyme ensures that each amino acid is accurately linked to its corresponding tRNA, thus maintaining the fidelity of protein synthesis. There are 20 different amino acids, and consequently, there are 20 distinct aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, each specific to one amino acid and its corresponding tRNA. Once the aminoacyl tRNA is formed, it enters the ribosome where it pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA strand. This interaction is highly specific; the anticodon region of the tRNA must match the codon on the mRNA to ensure that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain. This specificity is vital for the proper functioning of proteins, as even a single incorrect amino acid can lead to malfunctioning proteins that may cause diseases. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, it facilitates the binding of successive aminoacyl tRNA molecules, allowing the chain of amino acids to elongate. This process continues until a stop codon is reached, signaling the end of protein synthesis. The newly synthesized protein then undergoes folding and modifications to become functional. In summary, aminoacyl tRNA (氨基酰tRNA) is an essential component of the translation process in protein synthesis. Its ability to accurately deliver amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA sequence is critical for producing the vast array of proteins necessary for life. Understanding the role of aminoacyl tRNA not only highlights the intricacies of cellular machinery but also emphasizes the importance of precision in biological processes. Any errors in this system can have significant consequences, underscoring the elegance and complexity of molecular biology.

蛋白质合成过程是细胞生物学的一个基本方面，而在这个过程中，氨基酰tRNA（aminoacyl tRNA）的作用至关重要。这种分子对于将携带在信使RNA（mRNA）中的遗传密码翻译成蛋白质至关重要，而蛋白质对所有生物体的结构和功能都是必不可少的。这个过程开始于细胞核中的DNA转录成mRNA，然后mRNA转移到核糖体，核糖体是蛋白质合成的场所。在这里，氨基酰tRNA发挥着关键作用，通过根据mRNA中存在的密码子的序列，将适当的氨基酸输送到正在增长的多肽链上。每个氨基酰tRNA都被特定的氨基酸充电，该氨基酸对应于mRNA序列中的特定密码子。负责这一充电过程的酶称为氨基酰-tRNA合成酶。这种酶确保每个氨基酸准确地与其相应的tRNA连接，从而维持蛋白质合成的保真性。有20种不同的氨基酸，因此有20种不同的氨基酰-tRNA合成酶，每种酶特定于一种氨基酸及其相应的tRNA。一旦氨基酰tRNA形成，它就进入核糖体，在那里它与mRNA链上的相应密码子配对。这种相互作用是高度特异性的；tRNA的反密码子区域必须与mRNA上的密码子匹配，以确保正确的氨基酸添加到正在生长的多肽链中。这种特异性对于蛋白质的正常功能至关重要，因为即使是一个错误的氨基酸也可能导致功能失常的蛋白质，从而引发疾病。随着核糖体沿着mRNA移动，它促进了连续氨基酰tRNA分子的结合，从而允许氨基酸链延长。这个过程持续进行，直到达到终止密码子，标志着蛋白质合成的结束。新合成的蛋白质随后经历折叠和修饰，以成为功能性蛋白质。总之，氨基酰tRNA（aminoacyl tRNA）是蛋白质合成翻译过程中的一个重要组成部分。它能够根据mRNA序列准确地将氨基酸输送到核糖体，对于产生生命所需的各种蛋白质至关重要。理解氨基酰tRNA的作用不仅突显了细胞机制的复杂性，也强调了生物过程精确性的重要性。这个系统中的任何错误都可能产生重大后果，突显了分子生物学的优雅与复杂。