active oxygen

简明释义

活性氧

英英释义

例句

1.In skincare products, active oxygen 活性氧 is often used to enhance skin rejuvenation.

在护肤产品中，活性氧 active oxygen 常用于增强皮肤再生。

2.Athletes use supplements that increase active oxygen 活性氧 levels for better performance.

运动员使用补充剂来提高活性氧 active oxygen 水平，以提升表现。

3.The presence of active oxygen 活性氧 in the water helps to purify it.

水中存在的活性氧 active oxygen 有助于净化水源。

4.Researchers are studying how active oxygen 活性氧 affects the aging process.

研究人员正在研究活性氧 active oxygen 如何影响衰老过程。

5.The reaction of active oxygen 活性氧 with pollutants can lead to their breakdown.

活性氧 active oxygen 与污染物的反应可以导致其分解。

作文

Active oxygen, often referred to as reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a crucial role in various biological processes. This term encompasses a variety of molecules that contain oxygen and are highly reactive due to the presence of unpaired electrons. These species include singlet oxygen, superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals, among others. While they are essential for normal cellular functions, such as signaling pathways and immune responses, excessive amounts of active oxygen can lead to oxidative stress, which is linked to numerous diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions.In the human body, active oxygen is generated as a byproduct of metabolic processes, particularly during the respiration in mitochondria. Cells produce ROS to combat pathogens and facilitate communication between cells. For example, when white blood cells encounter bacteria, they produce active oxygen to destroy these invaders through a process known as oxidative burst. This natural defense mechanism highlights the beneficial aspects of active oxygen in maintaining health and fighting infections.However, the balance between the production and elimination of active oxygen is critical. Antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, play a vital role in neutralizing excess ROS, thus preventing cellular damage. When the levels of active oxygen exceed the body's antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress occurs. This imbalance can cause damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids, leading to cellular dysfunction and contributing to the aging process.The impact of active oxygen extends beyond individual health; it also influences environmental systems. In ecological contexts, ROS are involved in processes such as photosynthesis and the degradation of pollutants. For instance, plants generate active oxygen during photosynthesis, which is essential for converting sunlight into chemical energy. However, environmental stressors like pollution and climate change can increase ROS levels in plants, affecting their growth and productivity.Research on active oxygen continues to evolve, with scientists exploring its dual role as both a signaling molecule and a potential contributor to disease. By understanding how active oxygen interacts with biological systems, researchers aim to develop therapeutic strategies that harness its beneficial properties while mitigating its harmful effects. For example, targeted antioxidant therapies may help manage diseases associated with oxidative stress, providing new avenues for treatment.In conclusion, active oxygen is a double-edged sword in biological systems. Its ability to act as a signaling molecule and a defense mechanism is crucial for health, yet its overproduction can lead to significant cellular damage. Understanding the dynamics of active oxygen is essential for both medical research and environmental science, as it holds the key to unlocking new treatments for diseases and ensuring ecological balance. As we continue to study this fascinating aspect of biochemistry, we may uncover even more ways to utilize active oxygen for the betterment of health and the environment.

活性氧，通常被称为反应性氧种（ROS），在各种生物过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。这个术语包含多种含有氧的分子，由于存在未配对的电子，它们具有高度的反应性。这些物质包括单态氧、超氧阴离子、过氧化氢和羟基自由基等。虽然它们对正常细胞功能至关重要，例如信号传导途径和免疫反应，但过量的活性氧会导致氧化应激，这与许多疾病有关，包括癌症、心血管疾病和神经退行性疾病。在人体内，活性氧作为代谢过程的副产品产生，尤其是在线粒体的呼吸过程中。细胞产生ROS以对抗病原体并促进细胞之间的交流。例如，当白细胞遇到细菌时，它们会产生活性氧来通过一种称为氧化爆发的过程摧毁这些入侵者。这种自然防御机制突显了活性氧在维持健康和抵抗感染方面的有益作用。然而，活性氧的产生与消除之间的平衡至关重要。抗氧化剂，如维生素C和E，在中和过量ROS方面发挥着重要作用，从而防止细胞损伤。当活性氧的水平超过机体的抗氧化能力时，就会发生氧化应激。这种失衡可能导致DNA、蛋白质和脂质的损伤，进而导致细胞功能障碍，并促成衰老过程。活性氧的影响不仅限于个体健康，它还影响生态系统。在生态环境中，ROS参与光合作用和污染物降解等过程。例如，植物在光合作用过程中产生活性氧，这对将阳光转化为化学能至关重要。然而，污染和气候变化等环境压力因素可能增加植物中的ROS水平，从而影响其生长和生产力。关于活性氧的研究持续发展，科学家们正在探索其作为信号分子和潜在疾病促成因素的双重角色。通过了解活性氧如何与生物系统相互作用，研究人员旨在开发治疗策略，利用其有益特性，同时减轻其有害影响。例如，靶向抗氧化剂疗法可能有助于管理与氧化应激相关的疾病，为治疗提供新的途径。总之，活性氧在生物系统中是一把双刃剑。它作为信号分子和防御机制的能力对健康至关重要，但其过度产生可能导致显著的细胞损伤。理解活性氧的动态变化对于医学研究和环境科学都至关重要，因为它是揭示新疾病治疗方法和确保生态平衡的关键。随着我们继续研究这一有趣的生物化学方面，我们可能会发现更多利用活性氧来改善健康和环境的方法。