pachytene

简明释义

英[ˈpækɪtiːn]美[ˈpækɪˌtin]

n. 粗线；粗线期（等于 pachynema）

adj. 粗线的；粗线期的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Second, it is successful to try applying the dripping method of suspended cells obtained by enzyme treatment instead of traditional method for pachytene chromosomes preparation.

第二，改变普遍采用的粗线期染色体制备的传统方法，尝试用酶解滴片法制备了水稻减数分裂染色体，获得了成功。

2.Prophase may be divided into successive stages termed leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis.

前期可被分为连续的阶段：细线期、偶线期、粗线期、双线期和终变期。

3.Each chromosome in pachytene actually have been composed of two chromatids.

在粗线期每条染色体实际已由两条染色单体组成。

4.Pachytene FISH results showed that most of chromosome ends possess the telomere tandem repeats, but the signals on different chromosomes were not the same in intensity.

粗线期染色体荧光原位杂交结果表明，大多数染色体的末端都有端粒串联重复，但信号的强度在不同染色体上是不同的。

5.The synaptonemal complexes stretch gradually from the early pachytene to late pachytene.

从早粗线期到晚粗线期联会复合体逐渐伸长；

6.Complete pachytene synaptonemal complexes from spermatocytes of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) are stretched out by water spreading technique.

应用界面铺浮技术制备出完整的家蚕精母细胞粗线期接合丝复合体。

7.Transpositional points between chromosome 6 and 12 were anchored in 1 and 3 BAC clone's pool respectively by fluorescence in situ hybridization technology of pachytene chromosomes.

通过粗线期染色体荧光原位杂交技术，将发生易位的第6号和第12号染色体的易位点分别锚定在1个和3个BAC克隆库中。

8.BAC clones corresponding to telomeres, as well as to the centromere position and the gap sizes between contigs, were determined by BAC-pachytene chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

端粒克隆、着丝粒克隆以及重叠群之间空缺的大小都经过粗线期染色体荧光原位杂交鉴定。

9.The EB(Essential Balm)method was adopted to study, the G-bands and macrocoilson the maize pachytene chromosome.

用风油精活体诱导玉米花粉母细胞粗线期染色体G带和螺旋的结果表明。

10.BAC clones corresponding to telomeres, as well as to the centromere position and the gap sizes between contigs, were determined by BAC-pachytene chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

端粒克隆、着丝粒克隆以及重叠群之间空缺的大小都经过粗线期染色体荧光原位杂交鉴定。

11.Researchers observed significant changes in chromosomal structure during the pachytene 粗线期 phase.

研究人员观察到在pachytene 粗线期阶段染色体结构发生了显著变化。

12.During meiosis, the chromosomes become more visible in the pachytene 粗线期 stage.

在减数分裂过程中，染色体在pachytene 粗线期阶段变得更加明显。

13.In animal cells, the pachytene 粗线期 is crucial for proper gamete formation.

在动物细胞中，pachytene 粗线期对正确的配子形成至关重要。

14.The length of the pachytene 粗线期 can vary significantly among different species.

不同物种之间，pachytene 粗线期的长度可能会有显著差异。

15.The genetic recombination occurs primarily during the pachytene 粗线期 of meiosis.

基因重组主要发生在减数分裂的pachytene 粗线期。

作文

The process of meiosis is critical for sexual reproduction, and one of its key stages is known as pachytene. During pachytene, which occurs in prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes undergo a significant transformation. This stage is characterized by the pairing of homologous chromosomes, a process known as synapsis. Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids, and during pachytene, these chromatids become closely aligned with their homologous partners. This alignment is essential for the exchange of genetic material, a phenomenon called crossing over. Crossing over increases genetic diversity, which is vital for evolution and adaptation in changing environments.In addition to facilitating genetic recombination, pachytene plays a crucial role in ensuring the proper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis. The close pairing of homologous chromosomes allows for the accurate distribution of genetic material to the resulting gametes. If errors occur during this stage, it can lead to aneuploidy, where gametes have an abnormal number of chromosomes, potentially resulting in genetic disorders.The term pachytene itself is derived from Greek roots, with "pachy" meaning thick and "tene" referring to threads. This nomenclature reflects the appearance of the chromosomes during this phase; they appear thickened due to the condensation of chromatin. Observing pachytene under a microscope reveals distinct structures known as tetrads, which are formed by the four chromatids of the paired homologous chromosomes.Understanding the pachytene stage is essential not only for biologists studying genetics but also for medical researchers who are investigating infertility and genetic diseases. Abnormalities during pachytene can lead to significant reproductive issues. For instance, if crossing over does not occur properly, it may result in gametes that lack necessary genetic variation or contain deleterious mutations.Moreover, advancements in technology, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have allowed scientists to visualize chromosomes during pachytene more effectively. This has led to greater insights into chromosomal behavior and the mechanisms of genetic exchange. By studying pachytene, researchers can better understand the complexities of genetic inheritance and the factors that influence fertility.In conclusion, pachytene is a pivotal stage in meiosis that serves multiple functions, including the promotion of genetic diversity and the accurate segregation of chromosomes. Its significance extends beyond basic biology into the realms of medicine and genetics, highlighting the intricate processes that govern life. As research continues to uncover the mysteries of meiosis, the study of pachytene will undoubtedly remain a focal point for understanding the foundations of heredity and the evolution of species.

粗线期是减数分裂过程中一个关键的阶段，发生在减数分裂的前期I。在粗线期中，同源染色体经历了显著的转变。这个阶段的特征是同源染色体的配对，称为联会。每条染色体由两条姐妹染色单体组成，而在粗线期中，这些染色单体与其同源伙伴紧密对齐。这种对齐对于遗传物质的交换至关重要，这一现象被称为交叉互换。交叉互换增加了遗传多样性，这对于进化和适应变化的环境至关重要。除了促进遗传重组外，粗线期在确保减数分裂期间染色体的正确分离方面也发挥着至关重要的作用。同源染色体的紧密配对使得遗传物质能够准确地分配到形成的配子中。如果在这一阶段出现错误，可能导致染色体数目异常的非整倍体，从而潜在地导致遗传疾病。术语粗线期本身源于希腊语，其中“粗”意为厚，“线”指纱线。这种命名反映了在这一阶段染色体的外观；由于染色质的凝缩，它们看起来变得更厚。在显微镜下观察粗线期可以看到一种称为四分体的独特结构，这是由配对的同源染色体的四条染色单体形成的。理解粗线期阶段不仅对研究遗传学的生物学家至关重要，也对研究不孕症和遗传病的医学研究人员具有重要意义。在粗线期期间的异常可能导致显著的生殖问题。例如，如果交叉互换未能正常进行，可能导致缺乏必要遗传变异或含有有害突变的配子。此外，技术的进步，如原位荧光杂交（FISH），使科学家能够更有效地可视化粗线期的染色体。这为染色体行为和遗传交换机制提供了更深入的见解。通过研究粗线期，研究人员可以更好地理解遗传继承的复杂性以及影响生育的因素。总之，粗线期是减数分裂中一个重要的阶段，具有促进遗传多样性和染色体准确分离等多重功能。它的重要性超越了基础生物学，延伸到医学和遗传学领域，突显了支配生命的复杂过程。随着研究不断揭示减数分裂的奥秘，对粗线期的研究无疑将继续成为理解遗传学和物种进化基础的焦点。