coupling reaction

简明释义

显色反应

英英释义

例句

1.The coupling reaction (偶联反应) between aryl halides and organometallic reagents is a key step in many synthetic pathways.

芳基卤化物与有机金属试剂之间的coupling reaction (偶联反应)是许多合成路径中的关键步骤。

2.In drug discovery, many compounds are developed using coupling reactions (偶联反应) to enhance their therapeutic properties.

在药物发现中，许多化合物是通过使用coupling reactions (偶联反应)来增强其治疗特性。

3.Researchers are exploring new catalysts to improve the efficiency of coupling reactions (偶联反应) in organic synthesis.

研究人员正在探索新催化剂，以提高有机合成中coupling reactions (偶联反应)的效率。

4.The synthesis of complex organic molecules often involves a coupling reaction (偶联反应) to form new carbon-carbon bonds.

复杂有机分子的合成通常涉及一种coupling reaction (偶联反应)来形成新的碳-碳键。

5.The formation of polymers often relies on coupling reactions (偶联反应) to link monomer units together.

聚合物的形成通常依赖于coupling reactions (偶联反应)将单体单元连接在一起。

作文

In the field of organic chemistry, the term coupling reaction refers to a process where two molecules are joined together through a chemical reaction. This is a critical step in the synthesis of complex organic compounds, which are essential for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. The importance of coupling reaction lies in its ability to form new carbon-carbon (C-C) or carbon-heteroatom bonds, which are fundamental in constructing larger and more complex molecular architectures.One of the most well-known types of coupling reaction is the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, which involves the coupling of an organoboron compound with an aryl or vinyl halide in the presence of a palladium catalyst. This reaction has gained significant popularity due to its versatility and the mild conditions under which it can be performed. It allows chemists to create biaryl compounds, which are prevalent in many biologically active molecules.Another important example is the Heck reaction, which also utilizes a palladium catalyst to couple alkenes with aryl halides. The coupling reaction in this case leads to the formation of substituted alkenes, which are valuable intermediates in organic synthesis. The efficiency and selectivity of these reactions have made them indispensable tools in modern synthetic chemistry.The development of coupling reaction methodologies has revolutionized the way chemists approach the synthesis of complex molecules. Traditional methods often required multiple steps and harsh conditions, leading to low yields and the generation of unwanted byproducts. However, the advent of cross-coupling reactions has streamlined synthetic pathways, allowing for more efficient and environmentally friendly processes.Moreover, coupling reaction techniques have found applications beyond organic synthesis. In materials science, they are employed in the preparation of polymers and nanomaterials. For instance, the incorporation of functional groups through coupling reaction can tailor the properties of polymers, making them suitable for specific applications such as drug delivery systems or electronic devices.The significance of coupling reaction extends into the realm of medicinal chemistry as well. Many drug candidates contain complex structures that require precise construction. The ability to selectively couple different fragments of a molecule enables researchers to design and optimize potential therapeutic agents more effectively. This has implications not only for the development of new drugs but also for the understanding of biological mechanisms at a molecular level.In conclusion, the concept of coupling reaction is a cornerstone of modern organic chemistry, facilitating the assembly of complex molecules with precision and efficiency. Its applications span various fields, from pharmaceuticals to materials science, highlighting its versatility and importance. As research continues to advance, the development of new coupling reaction methodologies will undoubtedly lead to further innovations and discoveries, paving the way for future breakthroughs in chemistry and related disciplines.

在有机化学领域，术语偶联反应指的是通过化学反应将两个分子连接在一起的过程。这是合成复杂有机化合物的重要步骤，这些化合物对制药、农用化学品和材料科学至关重要。偶联反应的重要性在于它能够形成新的碳-碳（C-C）或碳-杂原子键，这些键是构建更大更复杂的分子结构的基础。最著名的偶联反应类型之一是铃木-宫浦反应，它涉及在钯催化剂存在下，将有机硼化合物与芳基或烯基卤化物偶联。由于其多样性和可以在温和条件下进行的优点，这种反应获得了显著的关注。它使化学家能够合成生物活性分子中常见的二芳基化合物。另一个重要的例子是赫克反应，它同样利用钯催化剂将烯烃与芳基卤化物偶联。在这种情况下，偶联反应导致取代烯烃的形成，这些烯烃是有机合成中的宝贵中间体。这些反应的高效性和选择性使它们成为现代合成化学中不可或缺的工具。偶联反应方法的发展彻底改变了化学家合成复杂分子的方式。传统的方法通常需要多步和苛刻的条件，导致产率低且产生不必要的副产物。然而，交叉偶联反应的出现简化了合成路径，使得过程更加高效和环保。此外，偶联反应技术还在材料科学中找到了应用。它们被用于聚合物和纳米材料的制备。例如，通过偶联反应引入功能基团可以定制聚合物的性质，使其适合特定应用，如药物递送系统或电子设备。偶联反应的重要性还扩展到药物化学领域。许多药物候选物含有复杂的结构，需要精确的构建。选择性地偶联分子的不同片段使研究人员能够更有效地设计和优化潜在的治疗剂。这不仅对新药的开发具有重要意义，也有助于从分子层面理解生物机制。总之，偶联反应的概念是现代有机化学的基石，促进了复杂分子的精确和高效组装。它的应用跨越多个领域，从制药到材料科学，突显了其多样性和重要性。随着研究的不断进展，新偶联反应方法的发展无疑将推动进一步的创新和发现，为未来的化学及相关学科突破铺平道路。