pyruvic acid

简明释义

丙酮酸

英英释义

例句

1.Scientists are studying the role of pyruvic acid in metabolic pathways to develop new treatments for diabetes.

科学家们正在研究丙酮酸在代谢途径中的作用，以开发新的糖尿病治疗方法。

2.In fermentation processes, yeast converts sugars into pyruvic acid before producing alcohol.

在发酵过程中，酵母将糖转化为丙酮酸，然后再生成酒精。

3.Elevated levels of pyruvic acid in the blood can indicate certain metabolic disorders.

血液中丙酮酸水平升高可能表明某些代谢紊乱。

4.The accumulation of pyruvic acid in muscles can lead to fatigue during intense exercise.

在剧烈运动过程中，肌肉中丙酮酸的积累可能导致疲劳。

5.During glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvic acid, which is a key intermediate in cellular respiration.

在糖酵解过程中，葡萄糖被转化为丙酮酸，这是细胞呼吸中的一个关键中间体。

作文

In the realm of biochemistry, understanding the role of various compounds in metabolic processes is crucial. One such compound that plays a pivotal role in cellular respiration is pyruvic acid. 丙酮酸 is a key intermediate in several metabolic pathways, particularly in the conversion of glucose to energy. When glucose is broken down through glycolysis, it is ultimately transformed into pyruvic acid. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and is the first step in cellular respiration, allowing organisms to extract energy from carbohydrates.Once formed, pyruvic acid can follow different pathways depending on the availability of oxygen. In aerobic conditions, it enters the mitochondria where it undergoes further oxidation in the Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle. Here, pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl-CoA, which is then utilized in the cycle to produce ATP, NADH, and FADH2 – essential molecules that store and transport energy within cells.On the other hand, in anaerobic conditions, when oxygen is scarce, pyruvic acid can be converted into lactic acid in animals or ethanol in yeast through fermentation processes. This conversion allows for the regeneration of NAD+, which is necessary for glycolysis to continue producing ATP in the absence of oxygen. Thus, pyruvic acid serves as a crucial junction in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, highlighting its versatility in energy production.Moreover, the significance of pyruvic acid extends beyond mere energy metabolism. It is also involved in the synthesis of various biomolecules. For instance, pyruvic acid can be a precursor for amino acids and fatty acids, making it an essential building block for the synthesis of proteins and lipids. This illustrates how interconnected metabolic pathways are, with pyruvic acid acting as a central hub that links carbohydrate metabolism to other vital biological processes.Additionally, the study of pyruvic acid has important implications in medical research. Abnormal levels of pyruvic acid in the body can indicate metabolic disorders. For example, elevated levels may be associated with conditions like diabetes or certain types of cancer, where the regulation of glucose metabolism is disrupted. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of pyruvic acid can aid in diagnosing and treating various health issues.In conclusion, pyruvic acid is more than just a simple organic compound; it is a fundamental player in the intricate web of metabolic pathways that sustain life. From its role in energy production to its involvement in biosynthetic processes, pyruvic acid exemplifies the complexity and efficiency of biological systems. As research continues to uncover the nuances of its functions, the importance of pyruvic acid in both health and disease will undoubtedly become even more evident.

在生物化学领域，理解各种化合物在代谢过程中的作用至关重要。丙酮酸是细胞呼吸中发挥关键作用的一种化合物。丙酮酸是多个代谢途径中的一个关键中间体，特别是在将葡萄糖转化为能量的过程中。当葡萄糖通过糖酵解被分解时，最终转化为丙酮酸。这一过程发生在细胞的细胞质中，是细胞呼吸的第一步，使生物体能够从碳水化合物中提取能量。一旦形成，丙酮酸可以根据氧气的可用性走不同的途径。在有氧条件下，它进入线粒体，在那里进一步氧化并进入克雷布斯循环，也称为柠檬酸循环。在这里，丙酮酸被转化为乙酰辅酶A，随后在循环中用于生产ATP、NADH和FADH2——这些是储存和运输细胞内能量的基本分子。另一方面，在缺氧条件下，当氧气稀缺时，丙酮酸可以通过发酵过程转化为动物体内的乳酸或酵母中的乙醇。这种转化允许NAD+的再生，这是糖酵解在缺氧情况下继续产生ATP所必需的。因此，丙酮酸在有氧和无氧呼吸中都起着至关重要的交汇点，突显了它在能量生产中的多样性。此外，丙酮酸的重要性不仅限于能量代谢。它还参与多种生物分子的合成。例如，丙酮酸可以作为氨基酸和脂肪酸的前体，成为蛋白质和脂质合成的基本构件。这说明了代谢途径之间的相互联系，丙酮酸作为一个中心枢纽，将碳水化合物代谢与其他重要生物过程连接起来。此外，对丙酮酸的研究在医学研究中具有重要意义。体内丙酮酸的异常水平可能表明代谢紊乱。例如，升高的水平可能与糖尿病或某些类型癌症等疾病相关，这些疾病中葡萄糖代谢的调节受到干扰。因此，理解丙酮酸的动态变化可以帮助诊断和治疗各种健康问题。总之，丙酮酸不仅仅是一个简单的有机化合物；它是维持生命的复杂代谢途径中的一个基本角色。从它在能量生产中的作用到它在生物合成过程中的参与，丙酮酸展示了生物系统的复杂性和效率。随着研究不断揭示其功能的细微差别，丙酮酸在健康和疾病中的重要性无疑将变得更加明显。