nuclear division

简明释义

核分裂

英英释义

例句

1.Understanding nuclear division is essential for advancements in genetic engineering.

理解核分裂对于基因工程的进步至关重要。

2.In meiosis, nuclear division results in four genetically diverse gametes.

在减数分裂中，核分裂产生四个基因多样的配子。

3.During the cell cycle, the process of nuclear division is crucial for ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

在细胞周期中，核分裂的过程对于确保每个子细胞获得相同的染色体组是至关重要的。

4.The study focused on how errors in nuclear division can lead to cancerous growths.

研究集中在核分裂中的错误如何导致癌症生长。

5.In mitosis, nuclear division occurs after the chromosomes have been duplicated.

在有丝分裂中，核分裂发生在染色体复制之后。

作文

Nuclear division, or 核分裂, is a fundamental biological process that occurs in living organisms. It refers to the method by which a cell divides its nucleus, leading to the formation of two daughter nuclei. This process is crucial for growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. There are two primary types of 核分裂: mitosis and meiosis. Each type serves a distinct purpose and follows a unique sequence of events.Mitosis is the process of 核分裂 that results in two genetically identical daughter cells. This type of division is essential for somatic cell reproduction, where the goal is to produce new cells for growth and healing. The stages of mitosis include prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, each characterized by specific changes in the cell's structure and organization. During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down. In metaphase, the chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, followed by the separation of sister chromatids during anaphase. Finally, in telophase, the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes, completing the division.On the other hand, meiosis is a specialized form of 核分裂 that occurs in germ cells to produce gametes—sperm and eggs. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in four genetically diverse daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell. This reduction is vital for sexual reproduction, ensuring that when gametes fuse during fertilization, the resulting zygote has the correct diploid number of chromosomes. Meiosis consists of two rounds of division: meiosis I and meiosis II. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are separated, while in meiosis II, sister chromatids are separated, similar to mitosis.The significance of 核分裂 cannot be overstated. In multicellular organisms, it allows for the maintenance of genetic stability and the propagation of life. Any errors that occur during 核分裂 can lead to serious consequences, including cancer and genetic disorders. For instance, if mutations occur during DNA replication prior to mitosis, these changes can be passed on to daughter cells, potentially leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation.Moreover, understanding 核分裂 is crucial in the field of medicine and biotechnology. Researchers are continually exploring ways to manipulate this process to develop targeted therapies for diseases such as cancer. By understanding the mechanisms behind cell division, scientists can create drugs that specifically target rapidly dividing cancer cells while sparing normal cells.In conclusion, 核分裂 is an essential biological process that plays a critical role in the life cycle of cells. Whether through mitosis for growth and repair or meiosis for reproduction, the ability of cells to divide and propagate is fundamental to the continuity of life. As we continue to study this process, we unlock new possibilities for medical advancements and a deeper understanding of the complexities of life itself.

核分裂是生物体内发生的一种基本生物过程。它指的是细胞分裂其细胞核的方法，从而形成两个子细胞核。这个过程对于多细胞生物的生长、发育和组织修复至关重要。核分裂主要有两种类型：有丝分裂和减数分裂。每种类型都有不同的目的，并遵循独特的事件序列。有丝分裂是导致两个基因组相同的子细胞的核分裂过程。这种类型的分裂对于体细胞繁殖至关重要，其目标是产生新的细胞以进行生长和愈合。有丝分裂的阶段包括前期、中期、后期和末期，每个阶段都以细胞结构和组织的特定变化为特征。在前期，染色质凝缩成可见的染色体，核膜开始解体。在中期，染色体在细胞的赤道平面上排列，随后在后期姐妹染色单体分离。最后，在末期，核膜重新形成在每一组染色体周围，完成分裂。另一方面，减数分裂是发生在生殖细胞中的一种特殊形式的核分裂，用于产生配子——精子和卵子。与有丝分裂不同，减数分裂产生四个基因组多样的子细胞，每个细胞的染色体数量是原始细胞的一半。这种减少对有性生殖至关重要，确保在配子结合时，所产生的合子具有正确的二倍体染色体数。减数分裂由两轮分裂组成：减数分裂I和减数分裂II。在减数分裂I中，同源染色体被分离，而在减数分裂II中，姐妹染色单体被分离，类似于有丝分裂。核分裂的重要性不可低估。在多细胞生物中，它允许维持遗传稳定性和生命的传播。在核分裂过程中发生的任何错误都可能导致严重后果，包括癌症和遗传疾病。例如，如果在有丝分裂之前的DNA复制过程中发生突变，这些变化可能会传递给子细胞，从而可能导致细胞不受控制的生长和肿瘤形成。此外，理解核分裂对于医学和生物技术领域至关重要。研究人员不断探索操纵这一过程的方法，以开发针对癌症等疾病的靶向治疗。通过理解细胞分裂背后的机制，科学家可以创造专门针对快速分裂的癌细胞而不损害正常细胞的药物。总之，核分裂是一个至关重要的生物过程，在细胞生命周期中发挥着关键作用。无论是通过有丝分裂进行生长和修复，还是通过减数分裂进行繁殖，细胞分裂和繁殖的能力是生命延续的基础。随着我们继续研究这一过程，我们为医学进步和对生命复杂性的更深理解打开了新的可能性。