capsomere

简明释义

英[ˈkæpsəmɪə]美[ˈkæpsəˌmɪr]

n. （组成病毒壳体的）壳粒；衣壳粒

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Capsomere got its name by being kernel-like, the viral capsid of which consists of nucleoprotein.

衣壳粒在电子显微镜下呈子粒状，故又称子粒，病毒衣壳粒由核蛋白组建而成。

2.Capsomere got its name by being kernel-like, the viral capsid of which consists of nucleoprotein.

衣壳粒在电子显微镜下呈子粒状，故又称子粒，病毒衣壳粒由核蛋白组建而成。

3.Vaccines often use harmless capsomeres to trigger an immune response.

疫苗通常使用无害的衣壳亚单位来引发免疫反应。

4.The arrangement of capsomeres determines the shape of the virus.

衣壳亚单位的排列决定了病毒的形状。

5.The structure of the virus is made up of many capsomeres that form the protective coat.

病毒的结构由许多衣壳亚单位组成，形成保护外壳。

6.Each capsomere plays a crucial role in the stability of the viral particle.

每个衣壳亚单位在病毒颗粒的稳定性中起着至关重要的作用。

7.Researchers are studying how capsomeres can influence the immune response.

研究人员正在研究衣壳亚单位如何影响免疫反应。

作文

In the world of virology, understanding the structure and function of viruses is essential for both research and medical applications. One of the key components of a virus is the protein subunit known as a capsomere. A capsomere is a protein molecule that assembles to form the outer shell, or capsid, of a virus. This capsid serves multiple purposes, including protecting the viral genetic material from the external environment and facilitating the virus's entry into host cells. The study of capsomeres has provided significant insights into how viruses operate and how they can be targeted for treatment. The structure of capsomeres can vary significantly between different types of viruses. For instance, some viruses have icosahedral symmetry, where the capsomeres are arranged in a symmetrical pattern that creates a spherical shape. Other viruses may have helical structures, where the capsomeres form a spiral around the viral RNA or DNA. These structural differences are crucial because they influence how the virus interacts with host cells, as well as how the immune system recognizes them. Moreover, the arrangement of capsomeres within the capsid plays a vital role in the stability and infectivity of the virus. A well-structured capsid made up of numerous capsomeres can withstand harsh conditions outside a host, allowing the virus to survive longer in the environment. This resilience is one reason why some viruses are highly contagious and can spread rapidly among populations. Research on capsomeres has also led to advancements in vaccine development. By understanding the specific proteins that make up the capsomeres, scientists can create vaccines that mimic the virus's structure without causing disease. These vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight the actual virus if encountered later. For example, the HPV vaccine utilizes a synthetic version of the capsomeres to trigger an immune response without using live virus particles. In addition to their role in vaccines, capsomeres are being explored for use in drug delivery systems. Researchers are investigating how to harness the natural ability of capsomeres to deliver therapeutic agents directly to target cells. This innovative approach could enhance the effectiveness of treatments for various diseases, including cancer, by ensuring that drugs are delivered precisely where they are needed. In conclusion, capsomeres are fundamental components of viral structure that play critical roles in the life cycle of viruses. Their study not only enhances our understanding of viral biology but also paves the way for innovative medical applications, including vaccines and targeted therapies. As we continue to explore the complexities of viruses and their capsomeres, we open new avenues for combating viral infections and improving public health. Understanding capsomeres is thus not merely an academic exercise; it is a vital part of our ongoing battle against infectious diseases.

在病毒学的世界中，理解病毒的结构和功能对于研究和医疗应用至关重要。病毒的一个关键组成部分是被称为衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）的蛋白质分子。衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）是组装成病毒外壳或衣壳的蛋白质分子。这个衣壳有多重目的，包括保护病毒的遗传物质免受外部环境的影响，并促进病毒进入宿主细胞。对衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）的研究提供了关于病毒如何运作以及如何针对其进行治疗的重要见解。衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）的结构在不同类型的病毒之间可能有显著差异。例如，一些病毒具有二十面体对称性，其中衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）以对称模式排列，形成球形结构。其他病毒可能具有螺旋结构，其中衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）围绕病毒的RNA或DNA形成螺旋。这些结构上的差异至关重要，因为它们影响病毒与宿主细胞的相互作用，以及免疫系统如何识别这些病毒。此外，衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）在衣壳内的排列在病毒的稳定性和感染性中起着重要作用。由众多衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）构成的结构良好的衣壳能够承受宿主外部的严酷条件，从而使病毒在环境中存活更长时间。这种韧性是某些病毒高度传染并能在群体中迅速传播的原因之一。对衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）的研究还推动了疫苗开发的进展。通过了解构成衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）的特定蛋白质，科学家可以创建模仿病毒结构的疫苗，而不会引起疾病。这些疫苗刺激免疫系统识别并抵抗实际病毒的出现。例如，HPV疫苗利用合成版本的衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）来触发免疫反应，而不使用活病毒颗粒。除了在疫苗中的作用外，衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）还被探索用于药物递送系统。研究人员正在调查如何利用衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）的天然能力，将治疗剂直接递送到目标细胞。这种创新的方法可能增强各种疾病治疗的有效性，包括癌症，通过确保药物准确递送到所需位置。总之，衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）是病毒结构的基本组成部分，在病毒的生命周期中发挥着关键作用。它们的研究不仅增强了我们对病毒生物学的理解，还为疫苗和靶向疗法等创新医疗应用铺平了道路。随着我们继续探索病毒及其衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）的复杂性，我们为对抗病毒感染和改善公共健康开辟了新的途径。因此，理解衣壳蛋白亚单位（capsomere）不仅仅是学术上的练习；它是我们与传染病斗争的持续战斗的重要组成部分。