opsonization

简明释义

英[ˈɒpsəˌnaɪzeɪʃən]美[ˌɑːpsənaɪˈzeɪʃən]

n. [免疫] 调理素作用

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.To investigate the possible mechanism of the opsonization of immune dysfunction of severely burned rats and the available methods to improve immunological function after burned.

探讨严重烫伤大鼠免疫功能紊乱调理的可能机制及改善烧伤后机体免疫功能紊乱的有效方法。

2.To investigate the possible mechanism of the opsonization of immune dysfunction of severely burned rats and the available methods to improve immunological function after burned.

探讨严重烫伤大鼠免疫功能紊乱调理的可能机制及改善烧伤后机体免疫功能紊乱的有效方法。

3.To observe the opsonization of medicined diet on immune dysfunction in severely burned rats;

观察药膳饮食对严重烫伤大鼠免疫功能紊乱的调理作用；

4.The effectiveness of vaccines can be partly attributed to their ability to induce opsonization.

疫苗的有效性部分归因于其诱导opsonization的能力。

5.Certain diseases can impair the opsonization process, leading to increased susceptibility to infections.

某些疾病可能会损害opsonization过程，从而导致对感染的易感性增加。

6.In immunology, opsonization is crucial for the clearance of bacteria from the bloodstream.

在免疫学中，opsonization对清除血液中的细菌至关重要。

7.The process of opsonization enhances the ability of phagocytes to engulf pathogens.

这一过程的opsonization增强了吞噬细胞吞噬病原体的能力。

8.Antibodies play a significant role in opsonization, marking pathogens for destruction.

抗体在opsonization中发挥重要作用，为病原体标记以便被消灭。

作文

Opsonization is a crucial process in the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens from an organism. This term originates from the Latin word 'opsonein', which means 'to prepare for eating'. When we think about how our body fights infections, it is essential to understand the role of opsonization in this complex defense mechanism. When a pathogen such as bacteria enters the body, it often has surface structures that are not easily recognized by immune cells. These structures can include proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids that help the pathogen evade detection. However, opsonization changes this scenario. During opsonization, antibodies or complement proteins bind to the surface of the pathogen, marking it for destruction. This binding process makes the pathogen more recognizable to phagocytes, such as macrophages and neutrophils. Phagocytes have receptors that specifically recognize the antibodies or complement proteins attached to the pathogen. Once they identify the opsonized pathogen, they engulf it through a process called phagocytosis. After internalizing the pathogen, the phagocyte destroys it using various enzymes and reactive oxygen species. This entire process significantly increases the efficiency of the immune response, allowing the body to eliminate infections more effectively. Moreover, opsonization is not limited to just antibodies; it can also involve other molecules that enhance the immune response. For instance, certain components of the complement system, which is part of the innate immune response, can also opsonize pathogens. This means that even if a pathogen is not recognized by antibodies, it can still be targeted for destruction through opsonization by complement proteins. The importance of opsonization extends beyond simply recognizing and destroying pathogens. It also plays a vital role in the immune memory response. After an infection, some of the immune cells become memory cells. These cells can quickly respond to future infections by the same pathogen. If the pathogen is opsonized again during a subsequent infection, the memory cells can trigger a faster and more robust immune response, demonstrating the efficiency of opsonization in long-term immunity. In conclusion, opsonization is a fundamental aspect of the immune response that enhances the ability of the body to fight infections. By marking pathogens for destruction, opsonization allows phagocytic cells to efficiently recognize and eliminate threats to health. Understanding this process is crucial for developing vaccines and therapies aimed at improving immune responses. As research continues to uncover the intricacies of the immune system, the significance of opsonization will undoubtedly remain a key focus in immunology. In Chinese, opsonization can be translated as 调理作用, highlighting its role in preparing pathogens for elimination by immune cells.

调理作用是免疫系统中的一个关键过程，它增强了抗体和吞噬细胞清除病原体的能力。这个术语源自拉丁词“opsonein”，意为“准备食用”。当我们考虑身体如何对抗感染时，理解调理作用在这一复杂防御机制中的作用至关重要。当细菌等病原体进入体内时，它通常具有不易被免疫细胞识别的表面结构。这些结构可以包括蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂质，帮助病原体逃避检测。然而，调理作用改变了这种情况。在调理作用过程中，抗体或补体蛋白结合到病原体的表面，标记其以便于销毁。这一结合过程使病原体更容易被吞噬细胞识别。吞噬细胞具有特定的受体，可以识别附着在病原体上的抗体或补体蛋白。一旦它们识别出调理的病原体，就会通过称为吞噬作用的过程将其吞噬。在内化病原体后，吞噬细胞使用各种酶和活性氧种类来摧毁它。整个过程显著提高了免疫反应的效率，使身体能够更有效地消除感染。此外，调理作用不仅限于抗体；它还可以涉及其他增强免疫反应的分子。例如，补体系统的某些成分也是病原体的调理剂。这意味着即使病原体没有被抗体识别，它仍然可以通过补体蛋白的调理作用被靶向销毁。调理作用的重要性不仅仅体现在识别和摧毁病原体上。它在免疫记忆反应中也发挥着重要作用。在感染后，一些免疫细胞会变成记忆细胞。这些细胞可以快速响应相同病原体的未来感染。如果在随后的感染中病原体再次被调理，记忆细胞可以触发更快、更强的免疫反应，展示了调理作用在长期免疫中的效率。总之，调理作用是免疫反应的基本方面，增强了身体对抗感染的能力。通过标记病原体以便于销毁，调理作用使吞噬细胞能够高效识别和消除健康威胁。理解这一过程对于开发旨在改善免疫反应的疫苗和疗法至关重要。随着研究继续揭示免疫系统的复杂性，调理作用的重要性无疑将继续成为免疫学的重点关注。