polygynous

简明释义

英[pəˈlɪdʒənəs]美[pəˈlɪdʒənəs]

adj. 一夫多妻的；[植] 多花柱的；多雌蕊的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The low-ranking wives in polygynous marriages should be in worse condition because they get a smaller share of their husband's resources.

一夫多妻制家庭中，由于在分享丈夫的资源时所得份额较小，地位较低的妻子境况不佳。

2.In polygynous families in the Novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties, the positions of wife, concubine and servant girls were different.

作者通过对明清小说中家庭女性地位的研究，认为在男性多偶家庭中，妻、妾、婢的地位高低有别。

3.Typically, human males are 10 percent taller and 20 percent heavier than females. This suggests that, throughout history, humans have been mildly polygynous.

一般来说，人类男性比女性高10%，重20%，这表示，人类历史上一直是一种适度的一夫多妻式生物。

4.In 16 of the 19 polygynous species in their sample, males of all ages were much more likely to die during any given period than were females.

在19个一夫多妻制物种样本中，16个物种的雄性中，各个年龄阶段的样本在给定的时间段中都比雌性更易死亡。

5.We apply the Trivers-Willard prediction - that mothers in poor condition will overproduce daughters - to a novel measure of condition, namely wife rank within a polygynous marriage.

Trivers-Willard 假说提出：贫穷的母亲更容易生女孩。我们将其应用到一个研究母亲状况的新方法中—即在一夫多妻制家庭中妻子的地位。

6.We apply the Trivers-Willard prediction - that mothers in poor condition will overproduce daughters - to a novel measure of condition, namely wife rank within a polygynous marriage.

Trivers-Willard 假说提出：贫穷的母亲更容易生女孩。我们将其应用到一个研究母亲状况的新方法中—即在一夫多妻制家庭中妻子的地位。

7.Mothers in poor condition, here lower-ranking co-wives in a polygynous marriage, may overproduce daughters because these give them greater fitness returns than sons.

贫困的母亲，在这里指一夫多妻制中地位较低的妻子，可能生更多的女孩，因其健康状况比男孩要好。

8.Typically, human males are 10 percent taller and 20 percent heavier than females.This suggests that, throughout history, humans have been mildly polygynous.

一般来说，人类男性比女性高10%，重20%，这表示，人类历史上一直是一种适度的一夫多妻式生物。

9.Some insects exhibit polygynous 一夫多妻的 behavior, with one male mating with numerous females to increase reproductive success.

一些昆虫表现出polygynous 一夫多妻的行为，一个雄性与许多雌性交配以提高繁殖成功率。

10.Certain cultures practice polygynous 一夫多妻的 marriages, where one man has multiple wives.

某些文化中实行polygynous 一夫多妻的婚姻，一个男人有多个妻子。

11.The polygynous 一夫多妻的 behavior observed in some mammals can lead to fierce competition among males for mates.

在一些哺乳动物中观察到的polygynous 一夫多妻的行为可能导致雄性之间为配偶而激烈竞争。

12.In many species of birds, males are often polygynous 一夫多妻的, mating with multiple females during the breeding season.

在许多鸟类中，雄性通常是polygynous 一夫多妻的，在繁殖季节与多个雌性交配。

13.In a polygynous 一夫多妻的 mating system, the male often provides resources to attract several females.

在polygynous 一夫多妻的交配系统中，雄性通常提供资源以吸引多名雌性。

作文

In the study of animal behavior and mating systems, the term polygynous refers to a reproductive strategy where a single male mates with multiple females. This system is observed in various species, including many mammals and birds. Understanding the implications of polygynous mating systems provides insights into the evolutionary pressures that shape social structures and reproductive strategies in the animal kingdom. One of the most striking examples of polygynous behavior can be found in the world of ungulates, such as deer and antelopes. In these species, dominant males often control territories that attract females. The males engage in displays of strength and endurance to secure their position and gain access to multiple mates. This behavior highlights the competition among males for reproductive success, which is a fundamental aspect of sexual selection. Moreover, polygynous systems can lead to significant variations in offspring survival rates. In a typical polygynous setup, a male may sire many offspring, but the investment in each individual offspring may vary. For instance, while one male can mate with several females, he may not be able to provide equal care or resources to all his young. This can create a situation where some offspring thrive due to better access to resources, while others may suffer due to neglect or competition. In addition to mammals, polygynous behaviors are also prevalent in certain bird species. A classic example is the sage grouse, where males display elaborate courtship rituals to attract females. During the breeding season, males gather in leks, where they perform dances and vocalizations to showcase their fitness. Females then choose mates based on these displays, often resulting in a few dominant males mating with multiple females, thus exemplifying the polygynous nature of their mating system. The implications of polygynous mating systems extend beyond the immediate reproductive success of males. They can influence the social dynamics within populations. In polygynous species, females may form strong bonds with one another, cooperating in raising offspring or defending against predators. This social structure can enhance the survival of the group, as females work together to protect their young. However, polygynous systems are not without their challenges. Males may face intense competition, leading to aggressive behaviors and even injuries during mating seasons. Additionally, females may experience increased pressure to choose mates wisely, as their reproductive success is closely tied to the quality of the male they select. In conclusion, the concept of polygynous mating systems sheds light on the complexities of animal behavior and social structures. By examining how different species adapt their reproductive strategies to environmental pressures, we gain a deeper understanding of the evolutionary processes that shape biodiversity. The study of polygynous systems not only enriches our knowledge of the natural world but also prompts us to consider the broader implications of mating strategies on species survival and adaptation.

在动物行为和交配系统的研究中，术语polygynous指的是一种生殖策略，其中单一雄性与多个雌性交配。这种系统在许多物种中都有观察到，包括许多哺乳动物和鸟类。理解polygynous交配系统的含义为我们提供了对塑造动物王国中社会结构和生殖策略的进化压力的洞察。一个最引人注目的polygynous行为例子可以在偶蹄动物的世界中找到，例如鹿和羚羊。在这些物种中，主导雄性通常控制着吸引雌性的领土。雄性通过展示力量和耐力来确保他们的位置，并获得多个伴侣的访问权。这种行为突显了雄性之间为了繁殖成功而进行的竞争，这是性选择的基本方面。此外，polygynous系统可能导致后代生存率的显著变化。在典型的polygynous设置中，一名雄性可能会繁殖许多后代，但对每个个体后代的投资可能会有所不同。例如，虽然一名雄性可以与几名雌性交配，但他可能无法为所有幼崽提供平等的照顾或资源。这可能造成一些后代因更好地获取资源而繁荣，而其他后代则可能因忽视或竞争而遭受困扰。除了哺乳动物，某些鸟类物种中也普遍存在polygynous行为。一个经典的例子是鼠尾草石鸡，雄性在求偶季节展示精心设计的求偶仪式以吸引雌性。在繁殖季节，雄性聚集在求偶场所，在那里他们表演舞蹈和发声，以展示他们的适应性。雌性根据这些展示选择伴侣，通常导致少数主导雄性与多个雌性交配，从而体现了它们交配系统的polygynous性质。polygynous交配系统的影响超越了雄性的直接繁殖成功。它们可以影响种群内的社会动态。在polygynous物种中，雌性可能形成强有力的联系，相互合作抚养后代或抵御捕食者。这种社会结构可以增强群体的生存，因为雌性共同努力保护她们的幼崽。然而，polygynous系统并非没有挑战。雄性可能面临激烈的竞争，导致在交配季节出现攻击性行为，甚至受伤。此外，雌性可能面临更大的压力，必须明智地选择伴侣，因为她们的繁殖成功与所选择雄性的质量密切相关。总之，polygynous交配系统的概念揭示了动物行为和社会结构的复杂性。通过研究不同物种如何将其繁殖策略适应于环境压力，我们对塑造生物多样性的进化过程有了更深入的理解。对polygynous系统的研究不仅丰富了我们对自然界的知识，还促使我们考虑交配策略对物种生存和适应的更广泛影响。